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UGC withdraws mandatory research publication before PhD thesis submission to enhance quality
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In new regulations for doctoral programmes notified Monday, the University Grants Commission (UGC) scrapped the mandatory requirement of getting research papers published in peer-reviewed journals before the final submission of a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis.
So far, it was mandatory for MPhil (Master of Philosophy) scholars to present at least one research paper in a conference or seminar while PhD scholars had to publish at least one research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences or seminars before the submission of their thesis for adjudication.
When contacted, Prof M Jagadesh Kumar, Chairperson, UGC, said by scrapping the mandatory publication requirement, the higher education regulator has recognised that the “one-size-fits-all” approach is not desirable. Elaborating on the need to shun a common approach towards assessing all disciplines, he pointed out that many doctoral scholars in computer science prefer presenting their papers at conferences rather than publishing in journals.
However, it does not mean PhD scholars should stop publication of research papers in peer-reviewed journals, he said. “Focussing on high-quality research will lead to publications in good journals, even if it is not mandatory. It will add value when they apply for employment or post-doctoral opportunities,” he told The Indian Express .
According to the latest available report of the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE), the enrolment at PhD level increased from 1,26,451 to 2,02,550 (0.5 per cent of total enrolment in higher education) between 2015-16 and 2019-20.
In 2018, The Indian Express had published a series of investigative reports on how India has emerged as one of the biggest markets for sub-standard research journals with many doctoral candidates getting their papers published for a fee.
Following that, a four-member UGC committee chaired by P Balram, former Director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru, had recommended that publication of research material in “predatory” journals or presentations in conferences organised by their publishers should not be considered for academic credit in any form.
In draft regulations floated in March this year, the UGC had proposed universities be allowed to draw up their own guidelines in this area. It also sought public feedback on replacing the term mandatory with “desirable”, but that clause has now been removed altogether under the final UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022, notified on Monday.
The commission has also dropped its plan to make universities and colleges reserve at least 60 per cent of their annual intake of doctoral candidates for NET or JRF qualified students, according to the revised PhD regulations. In the draft regulations floated in March, the UGC had proposed that 60 per cent of the total vacant seats in an academic year in a higher education institution be drawn from NET/JRF qualified students.
The draft regulations had also envisaged a common entrance test for PhD admissions. This also does not find mention in the final version of the guidelines, which means that universities and colleges will remain free to admit students through NET/JRF as well as entrance exams without having to adhere to any cap for either of the two categories in line with the prevailing norms.
In cases where selection of candidates are through entrances conducted by the individual universities, a weightage of 70 per cent will be given to performance in the written test and 30 per cent to interview.
The final regulations, however, retain the provision of part-time PhDs that is primarily targeted at working professionals aspiring to obtain doctoral degrees. IITs already allow such programmes. “The Higher Educational Institution concerned shall obtain a No Objection Certificate through the candidate for a part-time PhD programme from the appropriate authority in the organisation where the candidate is employed…,” state the regulations.
Under the revised regulations, those joining PhD programmes after a four year UG programme can do so after a one-year master’s degree, while graduates of conventional three-year UG degrees need to have completed two year master’s degrees.
Candidates who have completed the M.Phil programmes with at least 55 per cent marks in aggregate also figure in the eligibility criteria. While the M.Phil programme will be phased out with the notification of the new rules, it will not have any bearing on M.Phil degree programmes which have already commenced.
To ensure quality of their output, earlier, research scholars had to appear before a Research Advisory Committee once in six months and present progress of their work for evaluation and further guidance. They will have to do so each semester now.
“I urge the universities to ensure that the PhD evaluation process is strengthened and research scholars are trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals, present at conferences, and apply for patents where feasible,” Prof Jagadesh Kumar said.
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UGC Care Guidelines for Research Paper Publication: Quality and Recognition
Table of Content
- Introduction
- UGC Care Overview
- Why Choose UGC Care Guidelines’s List
- UGC Care Guidelines
Introduction
Publishing research papers is a crucial step in establishing one’s credibility and contributing to the body of knowledge in any field. In India, the University Grants Commission (UGC ) plays a significant role in promoting and maintaining the quality of academic research. In this blog, we will delve into the UGC Care guidelines for research paper publication , focusing on the importance of UGC CARE journals and the process of getting published in them. Understanding and adhering to these guidelines can help researchers gain recognition and ensure the dissemination of high-quality research.
Understanding UGC CARE Guideliness
UGC CARE, which stands for Consortium for Academic Research and Ethics, is an initiative by the UGC to create a comprehensive list of recognized and quality research journals across various disciplines. The UGC CARE list includes journals that meet specific publication standards and ethical guidelines.
Researchers must aim to publish in journals listed in UGC CARE to ensure the rigor, credibility, and visibility of their research. These journals undergo a rigorous vetting process, evaluating factors such as the journal’s impact factor, indexing, review process, and adherence to ethical practices.
Choosing UGC CARE Listed Journals
When considering where to submit their research papers, researchers should prioritize UGC CARE listed journals . These journals have gone through a meticulous selection process, ensuring that published papers meet certain academic standards. Selecting a UGC CARE journal boosts the chances of acceptance and enhances the visibility and accessibility of the research.
However, it is essential to note that inclusion in the UGC CARE list does not guarantee the quality of every single paper published in the journal. Researchers must still evaluate the reputation and impact of specific journals within the UGC CARE list .
Getting Published in UGC CARE Journals
To increase the likelihood of acceptance in UGC CARE journals, researchers must adhere to specific guidelines and best practices. The following steps can help navigate the publication process:
- Select a suitable journal: Prioritize UGC CARE listed journals that align with the research area and topic. Carefully review their scope, focus, and previous publications to ensure a good fit.
- Follow submission guidelines: Thoroughly read and strictly adhere to the submission guidelines provided by the journal. Pay attention to formatting requirements, citation styles, word limits, and other specifications.
- Ethical considerations: Uphold research ethics by ensuring originality, proper citation and attribution, and avoidance of plagiarism. Adhere to guidelines on data privacy, protection, and informed consent, where applicable.
- Peer-review process: Understand and respect the peer-review process , where experts in the field assess the research’s quality, methodology, significance, and potential improvements. Address feedback from reviewers professionally and revise the manuscript accordingly.
- Persistence and revisions: If the paper is rejected, carefully consider the reviewers’ comments, revise the manuscript accordingly, and consider submitting to another UGC CARE journal. Rejections are common in academia, and perseverance is key.
- Stay up to date: Keep track of the UGC CARE list as it is periodically updated. Journals may be added or removed from the list based on their performance and adherence to quality standards.
UGC CARE guidelines for research paper publication provide researchers with a structured framework to ensure the quality and credibility of their work. Publishing in UGC CARE listed journals enhances visibility and recognition. Researchers must carefully select journals, follow submission guidelines, adhere to ethical principles, navigate the peer-review process, and persist in the face of potential rejections. By leveraging UGC CARE, researchers contribute to the academic community while ensuring their work reaches a wider audience, fostering knowledge dissemination and fostering a culture of research integrity.
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Home » News » UGC Withdraws Mandatory Research Publication Before Ph.D. Completion
UGC Withdraws Mandatory Research Publication Before Ph.D. Completion
New Delhi, October 6, 2022, UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has withdrawn the mandatory guideline regarding research paper publication before the final submission of the Ph.D. thesis by research scholars. This decision has been made to improve the standard and quality of doctoral research. Also, the publication of a research paper is a time-consuming process, and making it compulsory to publish a research paper puts undue pressure on students.
Moreover, the students can join Ph.D. programmes upon completion of their four-year undergraduate degree. It is anticipated that there may be an increase in the number of students if they are given an option to opt for Ph.D. immediately after graduation.
UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022 – Reasons for Withdrawal
- The University Grants Commission (UGC) conducted a recent study featuring 2,573 research scholars across central universities and the Indian Institute of Technology (IITs).
- Based on the research, it has been found that mandatory publication has not helped universities maintain research quality, as about 75% of the submissions are not in quality Scopus-indexed journals.
UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022 – Expert Comments
Pertaining to UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022, the following comments have been made by experts regarding withdrawal of mandatory guideline regarding research paper publications and allowing graduate students to pursue Ph.D.:
The Chairperson of the University Grants Commission (UGC) Mamidala Jagadesh Kumar said, “Some people erroneously think that mandatory publication of a research paper before the submission of a Ph.D. thesis decides its quality. On the contrary, high-quality Ph.D. thesis work leads to quality publications.”
- Mamidala Jagadesh Kumar also said, “If the quality of research work is monitored properly, students can start writing papers well before the submission of their Ph.D. thesis. By the time the student submits the Ph.D. thesis, a couple of papers may get accepted.”
- The Vice-Chancellor of the University of Hyderabad (UoH), B.J. Rao said, “India is amongst the top few nations in terms of the number of research papers we publish annually. However, the quality of work being done or the journals where these papers get published is not at par with global standards.”
- B.J. Rao also said, “Imparting soft skills such as writing research papers is also a major responsibility for institutes. Research guides and committees will now be responsible to ensure that the topic of research that is chosen by scholars is unique and has the potential to get published in quality journals.”
- Further, he said, “A change in mindset is needed to understand that cutting down the number of pre-PhD years will not adversely affect a scholar’s ability to do quality research. Research is an interest-driven activity, which will be enhanced if students are given the right guidance at every step.”
- Uma Shanker Pandey, Research Supervisor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Calcutta, said, “During graduation, students are given an orientation in conducting research, correct methodology, and related tools. However, now colleges will have to impart a more structured format of introducing students to their journey as a Ph.D. scholar.”
UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)
Why has ugc withdrawn the guideline regarding mandatory research paper publication before the final submission of the ph.d. thesis by research scholars.
Under UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022, UGC has withdrawn the guideline regarding mandatory research paper publication before the final submission of the Ph.D. thesis by research scholars to improve the quality of research publications and doctoral research. Also, the publication of a research paper is a time-consuming process, and making it mandatory to publish a research paper puts undue pressure on students.
Can students pursue a Ph.D. after graduation?
Now, the students can join Ph.D. programmes upon completion of their four-year undergraduate degree.
What is the take of UGC’s Chairperson on withdrawing the mandatory guideline regarding research paper publication before the final submission of the Ph.D. thesis by research scholars?
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P hd after MBBS should be started by the Universities in every clinical,para clinical and nonclinical subjects to enhance the research and enovation in medical field . No fee should be changed by college and every student should be given stipend .
UGC Recommendations are good and need implementation. In addition to the above Second class Master Degree holders can be taken without restricting to 55 percent as this aspect is not stated in Recommendations
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UGC revises basic requirements for PhD. Scholars, professors opine on what it means for academia
The University Grants Commission (UGC) released the Minimum Standards and Procedure for the Award of PhD Regulations, 2022, on November 14, 2022, which revised the requirements for PhD degrees as per the recommendations of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. According to the new guidelines, MPhil and publication in a peer-reviewed journal are no longer mandatory. Among other changes is direct entry to a Doctoral programme after a four-year undergraduate degree or just a one-year Master's degree. The announced guidelines are effective immediately, as stated in the released notification: "All HEIs are requested to initiate necessary steps to implement the new regulations for the award of PhD." About the changes, an Economics professor of Visva-Bharati University (VBU) and the President of Visva-Bharati University Faculty Association, Sudipta Bhattacharyya tells EdexLive , "The new ordinance has been framed in the line of National Education Policy whose goal is elimination and corporatisation of education."
Scholars and professors have varied views on these new changes, but mostly, they argue that the revision would make no difference. “The practice of publishing papers is now a standard and the number of publications matters. The journals and the prestige of the journals add additional weight to a profile. Without publication, you cannot enrol in any reputable universities. Thus, by removing the mandatory publication they did not accomplish anything,” says Bibu Binu Thomas, a PhD scholar from the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal. In agreement with Bibu Thomas, another scholar, Sushree Ankita Jena, questions the point of the regulation by stating, "Now the brute reality is that no matter where you go for an academic job, a huge weightage is on publication, so, what is the point?"
Removal of MPhil — waste of time, lack of experience or method of elimination?
MPhil has been completely removed as a prerequisite for enrolment in PhD programmes. While a few scholars welcome the decision calling MPhil "a waste of time", others consider it a necessary experience for a PhD. "A student is thrust into research without any prior experience though they can get that through PhD; MPhil served as a sort of bridge," states Rudra Prasad Behera, an MPhil scholar from Ravenshaw University, Odisha. Again, approving the change, VBU Prof Kausik Bhattacharya argues, "MPhil was never necessary; just an intermediary degree between postgraduation and PhD. A waste of time, in my opinion."
However, Economics professor Sudipta Bhattacharyya considers the move a method of elimination. "Drop of MPhil is again to eliminate a huge number of people from the job market as PhD is a time-taking exercise," he says.
PhD without publication of papers In the new regulations, the mandatory publication of papers in peer-reviewed journals has been removed. Previously, PhD candidates were required to publish "at least one (1) research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences/seminars before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication” as per the 2016 regulations. This means that the decision to publish a paper is at the scholar's discretion.
Prof Rudra Prasad Behera opines, "PhD without publication, I believe, is like biryani without elaichi ; it will work, but the aroma will be missing." However, Professor Kausik Bhattacharya notes that the requirement for mandatory publication resulted in the release of articles of low quality, "To publish any useless paper makes no sense. It cannot merely be a way to create a profile. Forced publication accomplished nothing more than pushing mass publication of subpar research papers."
Shruthi Madhu, a PhD student at the National Institute of Technology (NIT), concurs with both Professors Bhattacharya and Behera and states, "On one hand UGC did this to do away with this pressure and in the process producing low-quality papers just for the sake of publishing. That might have been the agenda why this guideline was removed, but as a result, the push to do solid research work is no longer there and one would feel much less enthusiastic about publishing them." Shruthi continues by stating that if a candidate wants to continue their education abroad, the lack of published papers may hinder their future. "Universities abroad require you to show some work outside your PhD and candidates from other countries typically will have their PhD thesis along with numerous research papers. Although it is great that there is no strict mandate to publish a paper, it could also have unintended consequences," she remarks.
It might also be interesting to take note of the fact that the UGC's list of journals was not always up to the mark and Prof Sudipta Bhattacharyya reminds us that many reputed journals were dropped from the list. "UGC excluded reputable journals like Economic and Political Weekly for Social Sciences and, as a damage control that dropped the provision of publication as a condition of promotion and appointment," alleges Prof Bhattacharyya.
Is direct admission to PhD a boon or curse? Are students mature or experienced enough after a four-year course to enrol into PhD? Will this enable aspiring academicians to hasten a convenient employment search? Does a speedy process help students learn fast? These are the concerns that crop up in the face of the most drastic change in the new regulations of the UGC. "Direct enrolment into PhD after graduation, I think, is a naive move as the quality required for becoming a scholar will be rare in the mass of undergrads," says Rudra Prasad Behera. Meanwhile, Prof Kausik Bhattacharya asserts that the regulation has no bearing. "If you cannot make any changes at the fundamentals or create a vigour for research, there is no relevance to these changes," he remarks, adding, "The education system is not helping students in any way. These are insignificant changes."
Professor of Delhi University, Rajib Roy, echoes Prof Bhattacharya when he notes the insignificance of these modifications and says, "MPhil was a breathing period and it helped me, but now one can directly enrol into PhD. You can argue that this will hasten the employment search, but then why are so many doctorates unemployed? These nomenclature changes never made any substantial changes." He concludes with crucial questions, "It is essential thus to ask why are so many overqualified students unemployed and why are there so little quality research done despite the number of papers produced?"
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UGC scraps rule on publishing in journals before final submission of PhD thesis
Tribune News Service
Vibha Sharma
New Delhi, November 9
It will no longer be mandatory to publish research papers published in peer-reviewed journals before the final submission of the PhD thesis.
According the new regulations for doctoral programmes notified by the government, the University Grants Commission (UGC) has scrapped the mandatory requirement of getting research papers published in peer-reviewed journals before the final submission of the PhD thesis.
Earlier, it was mandatory for M Phil scholars to publish at least one research paper in a conference or seminar and for PhD scholars to publish at least one research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences or seminars before the submission of their thesis for adjudication.
UGC chairperson M Jagadesh Kumar said publication of research papers in peer-reviewed journals might not be mandatory anymore, but it did not mean the PhD scholars should stop doing that altogether.
He also urged the universities to ensure that the PhD evaluation process is strengthened and research scholars are trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals, and apply for patents where feasible.
“Focusing on high-quality research will lead to publications in good journals, even if it is not mandatory. It will add value when they apply for employment or post-doctoral opportunities.
“By scrapping the mandatory publication requirement, we recognise that the one-size-fits-all approach is not desirable. For instance, doctoral scholars in computer science prefer presenting their papers at conferences rather than publishing them in journals.
“I urge the universities to ensure that the PhD evaluation process is strengthened and research scholars are trained to publish in peer-reviewed journals, present at conferences, and apply for patents where feasible,” he said.
Kumar told The Tribune that students can do PhD in subjects other than what they had done their post-graduation in; however, for that
The universities need to modify their ordinances to facilitate such migration from one discipline to another.
“NEP2020 encourages multi-disciplinary education. Universities need to modify their ordinances to facilitate such migration from one discipline to another,” he said.
Meanwhile, the commission has also dropped its plan to make universities and colleges reserve at least 60 per cent of their annual intake of doctoral candidates for NET or JRF qualified students/
In the draft regulations floated in March, the UGC had proposed that 60 per cent of the total vacant seats in an academic year in a higher education institute be drawn from NET/JRF qualified students.
Universities and colleges will remain free to admit students through NET/JRF as well as entrance exams without having to adhere to any cap for either of the two categories in line with the prevailing norms.
In cases where selection of candidates is through the entrance conducted by the individual universities, a weightage of 70 per cent will be given to performance in the written test and 30 per cent to interview.
The final regulations retain the provision of part-time PhDs that is primarily targeted at working professionals aspiring to obtain doctoral degrees.
However, the higher educational institute concerned will obtain a No Objection Certificate through the candidate for a part-time PhD programme from the appropriate authority in the organisation where the candidate is employed.
Under the revised regulations, those joining PhD programmes after a four-year UG programme can do so after a one-year master’s degree, while graduates of conventional three-year UG degrees need to have completed two-year master’s degrees.
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COMMENTS
Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022 In exercise of the powers conferred by clauses (f) and (g) of sub-section (1) of Section 26 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 (3 of 1956), and in supersession of the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Awards of M.Phil. /Ph.D. Degree) Regulation, 2016 and its two
Oct 3, 2022 · UGC has done away with mandatory publication of a research paper before the final submission of PhD thesis by scholars. Another major reform is allowing students to join PhD programmes upon ...
Nov 8, 2022 · In draft regulations floated in March this year, the UGC had proposed universities be allowed to draw up their own guidelines in this area. It also sought public feedback on replacing the term mandatory with “desirable”, but that clause has now been removed altogether under the final UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022, notified on Monday.
Nov 9, 2022 · In new guidelines for Ph.D. scholars, which were notified on Monday, the UGC had done away with the compulsory requirement of getting research papers published in peer-reviewed journals before the ...
Nov 12, 2024 · In India, the University Grants Commission (UGC) plays a significant role in promoting and maintaining the quality of academic research. In this blog, we will delve into the UGC Care guidelines for research paper publication, focusing on the importance of UGC CARE journals and the process of getting published in them. Understanding and adhering ...
2 days ago · The minimum standards and procedure for the award of, Ph.D have been revised according to the recommendations of National Education Policy 2020 and the UGC has notified the new UGC (Minirnum Standards and Procedure for award of Ph.D.) Regulations, 2022 in the official Gazette on 7th November 2022.
Oct 6, 2022 · New Delhi, October 6, 2022, UGC Ph.D. Regulations 2022: The University Grants Commission (UGC) has withdrawn the mandatory guideline regarding research paper publication before the final submission of the Ph.D. thesis by research scholars. This decision has been made to improve the standard and quality of doctoral research.
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Dec 1, 2022 · PhD without publication of papers In the new regulations, the mandatory publication of papers in peer-reviewed journals has been removed. Previously, PhD candidates were required to publish "at least one (1) research paper in a refereed journal and make two paper presentations in conferences/seminars before the submission of the dissertation/thesis for adjudication” as per the 2016 regulations.
Nov 9, 2022 · UGC chairperson M Jagadesh Kumar said publication of research papers in peer-reviewed journals might not be mandatory anymore, but it did not mean the PhD scholars should stop doing that altogether.