what's a sentence for thesis

Thesis Statements

What this handout is about.

This handout describes what a thesis statement is, how thesis statements work in your writing, and how you can craft or refine one for your draft.

Introduction

Writing in college often takes the form of persuasion—convincing others that you have an interesting, logical point of view on the subject you are studying. Persuasion is a skill you practice regularly in your daily life. You persuade your roommate to clean up, your parents to let you borrow the car, your friend to vote for your favorite candidate or policy. In college, course assignments often ask you to make a persuasive case in writing. You are asked to convince your reader of your point of view. This form of persuasion, often called academic argument, follows a predictable pattern in writing. After a brief introduction of your topic, you state your point of view on the topic directly and often in one sentence. This sentence is the thesis statement, and it serves as a summary of the argument you’ll make in the rest of your paper.

What is a thesis statement?

A thesis statement:

• tells the reader how you will interpret the significance of the subject matter under discussion.
• is a road map for the paper; in other words, it tells the reader what to expect from the rest of the paper.
• directly answers the question asked of you. A thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself. The subject, or topic, of an essay might be World War II or Moby Dick; a thesis must then offer a way to understand the war or the novel.
• makes a claim that others might dispute.
• is usually a single sentence near the beginning of your paper (most often, at the end of the first paragraph) that presents your argument to the reader. The rest of the paper, the body of the essay, gathers and organizes evidence that will persuade the reader of the logic of your interpretation.

If your assignment asks you to take a position or develop a claim about a subject, you may need to convey that position or claim in a thesis statement near the beginning of your draft. The assignment may not explicitly state that you need a thesis statement because your instructor may assume you will include one. When in doubt, ask your instructor if the assignment requires a thesis statement. When an assignment asks you to analyze, to interpret, to compare and contrast, to demonstrate cause and effect, or to take a stand on an issue, it is likely that you are being asked to develop a thesis and to support it persuasively. (Check out our handout on understanding assignments for more information.)

How do I create a thesis?

A thesis is the result of a lengthy thinking process. Formulating a thesis is not the first thing you do after reading an essay assignment. Before you develop an argument on any topic, you have to collect and organize evidence, look for possible relationships between known facts (such as surprising contrasts or similarities), and think about the significance of these relationships. Once you do this thinking, you will probably have a “working thesis” that presents a basic or main idea and an argument that you think you can support with evidence. Both the argument and your thesis are likely to need adjustment along the way.

Writers use all kinds of techniques to stimulate their thinking and to help them clarify relationships or comprehend the broader significance of a topic and arrive at a thesis statement. For more ideas on how to get started, see our handout on brainstorming .

How do I know if my thesis is strong?

If there’s time, run it by your instructor or make an appointment at the Writing Center to get some feedback. Even if you do not have time to get advice elsewhere, you can do some thesis evaluation of your own. When reviewing your first draft and its working thesis, ask yourself the following :

• Do I answer the question? Re-reading the question prompt after constructing a working thesis can help you fix an argument that misses the focus of the question. If the prompt isn’t phrased as a question, try to rephrase it. For example, “Discuss the effect of X on Y” can be rephrased as “What is the effect of X on Y?”
• Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? If your thesis simply states facts that no one would, or even could, disagree with, it’s possible that you are simply providing a summary, rather than making an argument.
• Is my thesis statement specific enough? Thesis statements that are too vague often do not have a strong argument. If your thesis contains words like “good” or “successful,” see if you could be more specific: why is something “good”; what specifically makes something “successful”?
• Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? If a reader’s first response is likely to  be “So what?” then you need to clarify, to forge a relationship, or to connect to a larger issue.
• Does my essay support my thesis specifically and without wandering? If your thesis and the body of your essay do not seem to go together, one of them has to change. It’s okay to change your working thesis to reflect things you have figured out in the course of writing your paper. Remember, always reassess and revise your writing as necessary.
• Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? If a reader’s first response is “how?” or “why?” your thesis may be too open-ended and lack guidance for the reader. See what you can add to give the reader a better take on your position right from the beginning.

Suppose you are taking a course on contemporary communication, and the instructor hands out the following essay assignment: “Discuss the impact of social media on public awareness.” Looking back at your notes, you might start with this working thesis:

Social media impacts public awareness in both positive and negative ways.

You can use the questions above to help you revise this general statement into a stronger thesis.

• Do I answer the question? You can analyze this if you rephrase “discuss the impact” as “what is the impact?” This way, you can see that you’ve answered the question only very generally with the vague “positive and negative ways.”
• Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? Not likely. Only people who maintain that social media has a solely positive or solely negative impact could disagree.
• Is my thesis statement specific enough? No. What are the positive effects? What are the negative effects?
• Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? No. Why are they positive? How are they positive? What are their causes? Why are they negative? How are they negative? What are their causes?
• Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? No. Why should anyone care about the positive and/or negative impact of social media?

After thinking about your answers to these questions, you decide to focus on the one impact you feel strongly about and have strong evidence for:

Because not every voice on social media is reliable, people have become much more critical consumers of information, and thus, more informed voters.

This version is a much stronger thesis! It answers the question, takes a specific position that others can challenge, and it gives a sense of why it matters.

Let’s try another. Suppose your literature professor hands out the following assignment in a class on the American novel: Write an analysis of some aspect of Mark Twain’s novel Huckleberry Finn. “This will be easy,” you think. “I loved Huckleberry Finn!” You grab a pad of paper and write:

Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn is a great American novel.

You begin to analyze your thesis:

• Do I answer the question? No. The prompt asks you to analyze some aspect of the novel. Your working thesis is a statement of general appreciation for the entire novel.

Think about aspects of the novel that are important to its structure or meaning—for example, the role of storytelling, the contrasting scenes between the shore and the river, or the relationships between adults and children. Now you write:

In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain develops a contrast between life on the river and life on the shore.

• Do I answer the question? Yes!
• Have I taken a position that others might challenge or oppose? Not really. This contrast is well-known and accepted.
• Is my thesis statement specific enough? It’s getting there–you have highlighted an important aspect of the novel for investigation. However, it’s still not clear what your analysis will reveal.
• Does my thesis pass the “how and why?” test? Not yet. Compare scenes from the book and see what you discover. Free write, make lists, jot down Huck’s actions and reactions and anything else that seems interesting.
• Does my thesis pass the “So what?” test? What’s the point of this contrast? What does it signify?”

After examining the evidence and considering your own insights, you write:

Through its contrasting river and shore scenes, Twain’s Huckleberry Finn suggests that to find the true expression of American democratic ideals, one must leave “civilized” society and go back to nature.

This final thesis statement presents an interpretation of a literary work based on an analysis of its content. Of course, for the essay itself to be successful, you must now present evidence from the novel that will convince the reader of your interpretation.

Works consulted

We consulted these works while writing this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial . We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback.

Anson, Chris M., and Robert A. Schwegler. 2010. The Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers , 6th ed. New York: Longman.

Lunsford, Andrea A. 2015. The St. Martin’s Handbook , 8th ed. Boston: Bedford/St Martin’s.

Ramage, John D., John C. Bean, and June Johnson. 2018. The Allyn & Bacon Guide to Writing , 8th ed. New York: Pearson.

Ruszkiewicz, John J., Christy Friend, Daniel Seward, and Maxine Hairston. 2010. The Scott, Foresman Handbook for Writers , 9th ed. Boston: Pearson Education.

You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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How to write a thesis statement + examples

What is a thesis statement?

Is a thesis statement a question, how do you write a good thesis statement, how do i know if my thesis statement is good, examples of thesis statements, helpful resources on how to write a thesis statement, frequently asked questions about writing a thesis statement, related articles.

A thesis statement is the main argument of your paper or thesis.

The thesis statement is one of the most important elements of any piece of academic writing . It is a brief statement of your paper’s main argument. Essentially, you are stating what you will be writing about.

You can see your thesis statement as an answer to a question. While it also contains the question, it should really give an answer to the question with new information and not just restate or reiterate it.

Your thesis statement is part of your introduction. Learn more about how to write a good thesis introduction in our introduction guide .

A thesis statement is not a question. A statement must be arguable and provable through evidence and analysis. While your thesis might stem from a research question, it should be in the form of a statement.

Tip: A thesis statement is typically 1-2 sentences. For a longer project like a thesis, the statement may be several sentences or a paragraph.

A good thesis statement needs to do the following:

• Condense the main idea of your thesis into one or two sentences.
• Answer your project’s main research question.
• Clearly state your position in relation to the topic .
• Make an argument that requires support or evidence.

Once you have written down a thesis statement, check if it fulfills the following criteria:

• Your statement needs to be provable by evidence. As an argument, a thesis statement needs to be debatable.
• Your statement needs to be precise. Do not give away too much information in the thesis statement and do not load it with unnecessary information.
• Your statement cannot say that one solution is simply right or simply wrong as a matter of fact. You should draw upon verified facts to persuade the reader of your solution, but you cannot just declare something as right or wrong.

As previously mentioned, your thesis statement should answer a question.

If the question is:

What do you think the City of New York should do to reduce traffic congestion?

A good thesis statement restates the question and answers it:

In this paper, I will argue that the City of New York should focus on providing exclusive lanes for public transport and adaptive traffic signals to reduce traffic congestion by the year 2035.

Here is another example. If the question is:

How can we end poverty?

A good thesis statement should give more than one solution to the problem in question:

In this paper, I will argue that introducing universal basic income can help reduce poverty and positively impact the way we work.

• The Writing Center of the University of North Carolina has a list of questions to ask to see if your thesis is strong .

A thesis statement is part of the introduction of your paper. It is usually found in the first or second paragraph to let the reader know your research purpose from the beginning.

In general, a thesis statement should have one or two sentences. But the length really depends on the overall length of your project. Take a look at our guide about the length of thesis statements for more insight on this topic.

Here is a list of Thesis Statement Examples that will help you understand better how to write them.

Every good essay should include a thesis statement as part of its introduction, no matter the academic level. Of course, if you are a high school student you are not expected to have the same type of thesis as a PhD student.

Here is a great YouTube tutorial showing How To Write An Essay: Thesis Statements .

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How to Write a Strong Thesis Statement: 4 Steps + Examples

What’s Covered:

What is the purpose of a thesis statement, writing a good thesis statement: 4 steps, common pitfalls to avoid, where to get your essay edited for free.

When you set out to write an essay, there has to be some kind of point to it, right? Otherwise, your essay would just be a big jumble of word salad that makes absolutely no sense. An essay needs a central point that ties into everything else. That main point is called a thesis statement, and it’s the core of any essay or research paper.

You may hear about Master degree candidates writing a thesis, and that is an entire paper–not to be confused with the thesis statement, which is typically one sentence that contains your paper’s focus. 

Read on to learn more about thesis statements and how to write them. We’ve also included some solid examples for you to reference.

Typically the last sentence of your introductory paragraph, the thesis statement serves as the roadmap for your essay. When your reader gets to the thesis statement, they should have a clear outline of your main point, as well as the information you’ll be presenting in order to either prove or support your point. 

The thesis statement should not be confused for a topic sentence , which is the first sentence of every paragraph in your essay. If you need help writing topic sentences, numerous resources are available. Topic sentences should go along with your thesis statement, though.

Since the thesis statement is the most important sentence of your entire essay or paper, it’s imperative that you get this part right. Otherwise, your paper will not have a good flow and will seem disjointed. That’s why it’s vital not to rush through developing one. It’s a methodical process with steps that you need to follow in order to create the best thesis statement possible.

Step 1: Decide what kind of paper you’re writing

When you’re assigned an essay, there are several different types you may get. Argumentative essays are designed to get the reader to agree with you on a topic. Informative or expository essays present information to the reader. Analytical essays offer up a point and then expand on it by analyzing relevant information. Thesis statements can look and sound different based on the type of paper you’re writing. For example:

• Argumentative: The United States needs a viable third political party to decrease bipartisanship, increase options, and help reduce corruption in government.
• Informative: The Libertarian party has thrown off elections before by gaining enough support in states to get on the ballot and by taking away crucial votes from candidates.
• Analytical: An analysis of past presidential elections shows that while third party votes may have been the minority, they did affect the outcome of the elections in 2020, 2016, and beyond.

Step 2: Figure out what point you want to make

Once you know what type of paper you’re writing, you then need to figure out the point you want to make with your thesis statement, and subsequently, your paper. In other words, you need to decide to answer a question about something, such as:

• What impact did reality TV have on American society?
• How has the musical Hamilton affected perception of American history?
• Why do I want to major in [chosen major here]?

If you have an argumentative essay, then you will be writing about an opinion. To make it easier, you may want to choose an opinion that you feel passionate about so that you’re writing about something that interests you. For example, if you have an interest in preserving the environment, you may want to choose a topic that relates to that. 

If you’re writing your college essay and they ask why you want to attend that school, you may want to have a main point and back it up with information, something along the lines of:

“Attending Harvard University would benefit me both academically and professionally, as it would give me a strong knowledge base upon which to build my career, develop my network, and hopefully give me an advantage in my chosen field.”

Step 3: Determine what information you’ll use to back up your point

Once you have the point you want to make, you need to figure out how you plan to back it up throughout the rest of your essay. Without this information, it will be hard to either prove or argue the main point of your thesis statement. If you decide to write about the Hamilton example, you may decide to address any falsehoods that the writer put into the musical, such as:

“The musical Hamilton, while accurate in many ways, leaves out key parts of American history, presents a nationalist view of founding fathers, and downplays the racism of the times.”

Once you’ve written your initial working thesis statement, you’ll then need to get information to back that up. For example, the musical completely leaves out Benjamin Franklin, portrays the founding fathers in a nationalist way that is too complimentary, and shows Hamilton as a staunch abolitionist despite the fact that his family likely did own slaves. 

Step 4: Revise and refine your thesis statement before you start writing

Read through your thesis statement several times before you begin to compose your full essay. You need to make sure the statement is ironclad, since it is the foundation of the entire paper. Edit it or have a peer review it for you to make sure everything makes sense and that you feel like you can truly write a paper on the topic. Once you’ve done that, you can then begin writing your paper.

When writing a thesis statement, there are some common pitfalls you should avoid so that your paper can be as solid as possible. Make sure you always edit the thesis statement before you do anything else. You also want to ensure that the thesis statement is clear and concise. Don’t make your reader hunt for your point. Finally, put your thesis statement at the end of the first paragraph and have your introduction flow toward that statement. Your reader will expect to find your statement in its traditional spot.

If you’re having trouble getting started, or need some guidance on your essay, there are tools available that can help you. CollegeVine offers a free peer essay review tool where one of your peers can read through your essay and provide you with valuable feedback. Getting essay feedback from a peer can help you wow your instructor or college admissions officer with an impactful essay that effectively illustrates your point.

Related CollegeVine Blog Posts

Developing a Thesis Statement

Many papers you write require developing a thesis statement. In this section you’ll learn what a thesis statement is and how to write one.

Keep in mind that not all papers require thesis statements . If in doubt, please consult your instructor for assistance.

What is a thesis statement?

A thesis statement . . .

• Makes an argumentative assertion about a topic; it states the conclusions that you have reached about your topic.
• Makes a promise to the reader about the scope, purpose, and direction of your paper.
• Is focused and specific enough to be “proven” within the boundaries of your paper.
• Is generally located near the end of the introduction ; sometimes, in a long paper, the thesis will be expressed in several sentences or in an entire paragraph.
• Identifies the relationships between the pieces of evidence that you are using to support your argument.

Not all papers require thesis statements! Ask your instructor if you’re in doubt whether you need one.

Identify a topic

Your topic is the subject about which you will write. Your assignment may suggest several ways of looking at a topic; or it may name a fairly general concept that you will explore or analyze in your paper.

Consider what your assignment asks you to do

Inform yourself about your topic, focus on one aspect of your topic, ask yourself whether your topic is worthy of your efforts, generate a topic from an assignment.

Below are some possible topics based on sample assignments.

Sample assignment 1

Analyze Spain’s neutrality in World War II.

Identified topic

Franco’s role in the diplomatic relationships between the Allies and the Axis

This topic avoids generalities such as “Spain” and “World War II,” addressing instead on Franco’s role (a specific aspect of “Spain”) and the diplomatic relations between the Allies and Axis (a specific aspect of World War II).

Sample assignment 2

Analyze one of Homer’s epic similes in the Iliad.

The relationship between the portrayal of warfare and the epic simile about Simoisius at 4.547-64.

This topic focuses on a single simile and relates it to a single aspect of the Iliad ( warfare being a major theme in that work).

Developing a Thesis Statement–Additional information

Your assignment may suggest several ways of looking at a topic, or it may name a fairly general concept that you will explore or analyze in your paper. You’ll want to read your assignment carefully, looking for key terms that you can use to focus your topic.

Sample assignment: Analyze Spain’s neutrality in World War II Key terms: analyze, Spain’s neutrality, World War II

After you’ve identified the key words in your topic, the next step is to read about them in several sources, or generate as much information as possible through an analysis of your topic. Obviously, the more material or knowledge you have, the more possibilities will be available for a strong argument. For the sample assignment above, you’ll want to look at books and articles on World War II in general, and Spain’s neutrality in particular.

As you consider your options, you must decide to focus on one aspect of your topic. This means that you cannot include everything you’ve learned about your topic, nor should you go off in several directions. If you end up covering too many different aspects of a topic, your paper will sprawl and be unconvincing in its argument, and it most likely will not fulfull the assignment requirements.

For the sample assignment above, both Spain’s neutrality and World War II are topics far too broad to explore in a paper. You may instead decide to focus on Franco’s role in the diplomatic relationships between the Allies and the Axis , which narrows down what aspects of Spain’s neutrality and World War II you want to discuss, as well as establishes a specific link between those two aspects.

Before you go too far, however, ask yourself whether your topic is worthy of your efforts. Try to avoid topics that already have too much written about them (i.e., “eating disorders and body image among adolescent women”) or that simply are not important (i.e. “why I like ice cream”). These topics may lead to a thesis that is either dry fact or a weird claim that cannot be supported. A good thesis falls somewhere between the two extremes. To arrive at this point, ask yourself what is new, interesting, contestable, or controversial about your topic.

As you work on your thesis, remember to keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times . Sometimes your thesis needs to evolve as you develop new insights, find new evidence, or take a different approach to your topic.

Derive a main point from topic

Once you have a topic, you will have to decide what the main point of your paper will be. This point, the “controlling idea,” becomes the core of your argument (thesis statement) and it is the unifying idea to which you will relate all your sub-theses. You can then turn this “controlling idea” into a purpose statement about what you intend to do in your paper.

Look for patterns in your evidence

Compose a purpose statement.

Consult the examples below for suggestions on how to look for patterns in your evidence and construct a purpose statement.

• Franco first tried to negotiate with the Axis
• Franco turned to the Allies when he couldn’t get some concessions that he wanted from the Axis

Possible conclusion:

Spain’s neutrality in WWII occurred for an entirely personal reason: Franco’s desire to preserve his own (and Spain’s) power.

Purpose statement

This paper will analyze Franco’s diplomacy during World War II to see how it contributed to Spain’s neutrality.

• The simile compares Simoisius to a tree, which is a peaceful, natural image.
• The tree in the simile is chopped down to make wheels for a chariot, which is an object used in warfare.

At first, the simile seems to take the reader away from the world of warfare, but we end up back in that world by the end.

This paper will analyze the way the simile about Simoisius at 4.547-64 moves in and out of the world of warfare.

Derive purpose statement from topic

To find out what your “controlling idea” is, you have to examine and evaluate your evidence . As you consider your evidence, you may notice patterns emerging, data repeated in more than one source, or facts that favor one view more than another. These patterns or data may then lead you to some conclusions about your topic and suggest that you can successfully argue for one idea better than another.

For instance, you might find out that Franco first tried to negotiate with the Axis, but when he couldn’t get some concessions that he wanted from them, he turned to the Allies. As you read more about Franco’s decisions, you may conclude that Spain’s neutrality in WWII occurred for an entirely personal reason: his desire to preserve his own (and Spain’s) power. Based on this conclusion, you can then write a trial thesis statement to help you decide what material belongs in your paper.

Sometimes you won’t be able to find a focus or identify your “spin” or specific argument immediately. Like some writers, you might begin with a purpose statement just to get yourself going. A purpose statement is one or more sentences that announce your topic and indicate the structure of the paper but do not state the conclusions you have drawn . Thus, you might begin with something like this:

• This paper will look at modern language to see if it reflects male dominance or female oppression.
• I plan to analyze anger and derision in offensive language to see if they represent a challenge of society’s authority.

At some point, you can turn a purpose statement into a thesis statement. As you think and write about your topic, you can restrict, clarify, and refine your argument, crafting your thesis statement to reflect your thinking.

As you work on your thesis, remember to keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times. Sometimes your thesis needs to evolve as you develop new insights, find new evidence, or take a different approach to your topic.

Compose a draft thesis statement

If you are writing a paper that will have an argumentative thesis and are having trouble getting started, the techniques in the table below may help you develop a temporary or “working” thesis statement.

Begin with a purpose statement that you will later turn into a thesis statement.

Assignment: Discuss the history of the Reform Party and explain its influence on the 1990 presidential and Congressional election.

Purpose Statement: This paper briefly sketches the history of the grassroots, conservative, Perot-led Reform Party and analyzes how it influenced the economic and social ideologies of the two mainstream parties.

Question-to-Assertion

If your assignment asks a specific question(s), turn the question(s) into an assertion and give reasons why it is true or reasons for your opinion.

Assignment : What do Aylmer and Rappaccini have to be proud of? Why aren’t they satisfied with these things? How does pride, as demonstrated in “The Birthmark” and “Rappaccini’s Daughter,” lead to unexpected problems?

Beginning thesis statement: Alymer and Rappaccinni are proud of their great knowledge; however, they are also very greedy and are driven to use their knowledge to alter some aspect of nature as a test of their ability. Evil results when they try to “play God.”

Write a sentence that summarizes the main idea of the essay you plan to write.

Main idea: The reason some toys succeed in the market is that they appeal to the consumers’ sense of the ridiculous and their basic desire to laugh at themselves.

Make a list of the ideas that you want to include; consider the ideas and try to group them.

• nature = peaceful
• war matériel = violent (competes with 1?)
• need for time and space to mourn the dead
• war is inescapable (competes with 3?)

Use a formula to arrive at a working thesis statement (you will revise this later).

• although most readers of _______ have argued that _______, closer examination shows that _______.
• _______ uses _______ and _____ to prove that ________.
• phenomenon x is a result of the combination of __________, __________, and _________.

What to keep in mind as you draft an initial thesis statement

Beginning statements obtained through the methods illustrated above can serve as a framework for planning or drafting your paper, but remember they’re not yet the specific, argumentative thesis you want for the final version of your paper. In fact, in its first stages, a thesis statement usually is ill-formed or rough and serves only as a planning tool.

As you write, you may discover evidence that does not fit your temporary or “working” thesis. Or you may reach deeper insights about your topic as you do more research, and you will find that your thesis statement has to be more complicated to match the evidence that you want to use.

You must be willing to reject or omit some evidence in order to keep your paper cohesive and your reader focused. Or you may have to revise your thesis to match the evidence and insights that you want to discuss. Read your draft carefully, noting the conclusions you have drawn and the major ideas which support or prove those conclusions. These will be the elements of your final thesis statement.

Sometimes you will not be able to identify these elements in your early drafts, but as you consider how your argument is developing and how your evidence supports your main idea, ask yourself, “ What is the main point that I want to prove/discuss? ” and “ How will I convince the reader that this is true? ” When you can answer these questions, then you can begin to refine the thesis statement.

Refine and polish the thesis statement

To get to your final thesis, you’ll need to refine your draft thesis so that it’s specific and arguable.

• Ask if your draft thesis addresses the assignment
• Question each part of your draft thesis
• Clarify vague phrases and assertions
• Investigate alternatives to your draft thesis

Consult the example below for suggestions on how to refine your draft thesis statement.

Sample Assignment

Choose an activity and define it as a symbol of American culture. Your essay should cause the reader to think critically about the society which produces and enjoys that activity.

• Ask The phenomenon of drive-in facilities is an interesting symbol of american culture, and these facilities demonstrate significant characteristics of our society.This statement does not fulfill the assignment because it does not require the reader to think critically about society.

Drive-ins are an interesting symbol of American culture because they represent Americans’ significant creativity and business ingenuity.

Among the types of drive-in facilities familiar during the twentieth century, drive-in movie theaters best represent American creativity, not merely because they were the forerunner of later drive-ins and drive-throughs, but because of their impact on our culture: they changed our relationship to the automobile, changed the way people experienced movies, and changed movie-going into a family activity.

While drive-in facilities such as those at fast-food establishments, banks, pharmacies, and dry cleaners symbolize America’s economic ingenuity, they also have affected our personal standards.

While drive-in facilities such as those at fast- food restaurants, banks, pharmacies, and dry cleaners symbolize (1) Americans’ business ingenuity, they also have contributed (2) to an increasing homogenization of our culture, (3) a willingness to depersonalize relationships with others, and (4) a tendency to sacrifice quality for convenience.

This statement is now specific and fulfills all parts of the assignment. This version, like any good thesis, is not self-evident; its points, 1-4, will have to be proven with evidence in the body of the paper. The numbers in this statement indicate the order in which the points will be presented. Depending on the length of the paper, there could be one paragraph for each numbered item or there could be blocks of paragraph for even pages for each one.

Complete the final thesis statement

The bottom line.

As you move through the process of crafting a thesis, you’ll need to remember four things:

• Context matters! Think about your course materials and lectures. Try to relate your thesis to the ideas your instructor is discussing.
• As you go through the process described in this section, always keep your assignment in mind . You will be more successful when your thesis (and paper) responds to the assignment than if it argues a semi-related idea.
• Your thesis statement should be precise, focused, and contestable ; it should predict the sub-theses or blocks of information that you will use to prove your argument.
• Make sure that you keep the rest of your paper in mind at all times. Change your thesis as your paper evolves, because you do not want your thesis to promise more than your paper actually delivers.

In the beginning, the thesis statement was a tool to help you sharpen your focus, limit material and establish the paper’s purpose. When your paper is finished, however, the thesis statement becomes a tool for your reader. It tells the reader what you have learned about your topic and what evidence led you to your conclusion. It keeps the reader on track–well able to understand and appreciate your argument.

Writing Process and Structure

This is an accordion element with a series of buttons that open and close related content panels.

Getting Started with Your Paper

Interpreting Writing Assignments from Your Courses

Generating Ideas for

Creating an Argument

Thesis vs. Purpose Statements

Architecture of Arguments

Working with Sources

Quoting and Paraphrasing Sources

Using Literary Quotations

Citing Sources in Your Paper

Drafting Your Paper

Generating Ideas for Your Paper

Introductions

Paragraphing

Developing Strategic Transitions

Conclusions

Revising Your Paper

Peer Reviews

Reverse Outlines

Revising an Argumentative Paper

Revision Strategies for Longer Projects

Finishing Your Paper

Twelve Common Errors: An Editing Checklist

How to Proofread your Paper

Writing Collaboratively

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Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements

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Tips for Writing Your Thesis Statement

1. Determine what kind of paper you are writing:

• An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its component parts, evaluates the issue or idea, and presents this breakdown and evaluation to the audience.
• An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the audience.
• An argumentative paper makes a claim about a topic and justifies this claim with specific evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a policy proposal, an evaluation, a cause-and-effect statement, or an interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince the audience that the claim is true based on the evidence provided.

If you are writing a text that does not fall under these three categories (e.g., a narrative), a thesis statement somewhere in the first paragraph could still be helpful to your reader.

2. Your thesis statement should be specific—it should cover only what you will discuss in your paper and should be supported with specific evidence.

3. The thesis statement usually appears at the end of the first paragraph of a paper.

4. Your topic may change as you write, so you may need to revise your thesis statement to reflect exactly what you have discussed in the paper.

Thesis Statement Examples

Example of an analytical thesis statement:

The paper that follows should:

• Explain the analysis of the college admission process
• Explain the challenge facing admissions counselors

Example of an expository (explanatory) thesis statement:

• Explain how students spend their time studying, attending class, and socializing with peers

Example of an argumentative thesis statement:

• Present an argument and give evidence to support the claim that students should pursue community projects before entering college

Thesis Sentence

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Embarking on academic writing or preparing a pivotal argument for your essay? The heart of your piece lies in its thesis sentence . A succinct, powerful statement, the thesis guides readers, setting the tone for what’s to come. Discover prime examples, expert writing strategies, and invaluable tips to make your thesis stand out in a sea of academic prose.

What is the Thesis Sentence? – Definition

In simple terms, a thesis sentence is a one or two-sentence statement in an essay or research paper that precisely expresses the main idea or argument. It provides readers with an overview of the topic and the author’s stance on it, effectively laying the groundwork for the entire piece.

What is the best Example of a Thesis Sentence?

A standout thesis sentence offers clarity and a definitive perspective. For instance, if writing about the impact of social media on youth, a strong thesis might be: “Social media has a profound, often detrimental, effect on the mental well-being of today’s youth, as evidenced by rising rates of anxiety and decreased attention spans.” This statement not only presents a clear position but also hints at the evidence that the writer might use to support this claim.

100 Thesis Sentence Examples

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Crafting the ideal thesis sentence can elevate your essay or paper, presenting your argument in a clear and compelling manner. To provide you with inspiration and guidance, we’ve curated a collection of 100 exemplary thesis sentences. These samples, spanning various topics and disciplines, demonstrate the potential of a well-constructed thesis to anchor your work and captivate your audience.

• Electric vehicles have the potential to drastically reduce carbon emissions, leading us toward a sustainable future.
• Online education offers unparalleled flexibility but lacks the personal touch of traditional classroom settings.
• Globalization brings economic growth; however, it also exacerbates income inequalities within countries.
• Artificial intelligence poses both opportunities for efficiency and ethical dilemmas in decision-making processes.
• Childhood obesity is a growing concern, directly linked to sedentary lifestyles and processed food consumption.
• Mental health awareness needs greater emphasis in schools to combat rising cases of student depression.
• Space exploration provides not just scientific advancement but also unifies humanity in exploration.
• Modern architecture reflects a blend of functionality and aesthetics, representing societal values.
• Organic farming promises a sustainable solution to the environmental crises caused by conventional agricultural practices.
• Music therapy can play a pivotal role in the rehabilitation of patients with neurological disorders.
• Virtual reality transforms not only gaming but also medical training and therapy.
• Renewable energy sources are the key to addressing the looming global energy crisis.
• Animal testing is an ethically contentious issue, with alternatives emerging in recent scientific advancements.
• Social media platforms influence public opinion more powerfully than traditional media.
• Remote work culture has its merits in work-life balance but can erode team cohesion.
• Digital currencies represent the future of trade, though they introduce new regulatory challenges.
• Youth sports contribute not only to physical health but also to discipline and teamwork skills.
• Urban green spaces are essential for mental health, biodiversity, and counteracting pollution in cities.
• E-commerce has revolutionized shopping, yet it poses challenges to brick-and-mortar stores and local economies.
• Cultural exchange programs promote global unity and understanding, dismantling stereotypes.
• Preservation of indigenous languages is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage and diversity.
• The gig economy provides flexibility for workers but often lacks job security and benefits.
• Online privacy is endangered by the rise of data breaches and surveillance capitalism.
• Children’s exposure to screens impacts cognitive development and necessitates stricter parental controls.
• Nuclear energy remains a double-edged sword: a potent energy source but with disposal concerns.
• Modern tourism threatens historical sites but boosts local economies.
• Adopting pets from shelters can help reduce the stray animal crisis and promotes humane treatment.
• Mindfulness meditation reduces stress levels and has potential applications in clinical therapy.
• Fast fashion contributes to environmental degradation, advocating for sustainable consumption.
• Artificial sweeteners , while calorie-free, may have unforeseen health impacts.
• Urban farming holds the promise of food sustainability in densely populated cities.
• Mandatory voting laws could increase political participation but question voluntary democratic engagement.
• Homeschooling offers personalized education but might limit social interactions.
• Antibiotic resistance is a burgeoning global crisis spurred by over-prescription and misuse.
• Gender-neutral parenting challenges traditional norms and fosters an inclusive environment.
• Augmented reality will reshape education, making it more interactive and immersive.
• Binge-watching culture is reshaping entertainment consumption and impacts mental health.
• Marine conservation zones protect biodiversity and ensure sustainable fishing practices.
• Intermittent fasting has health benefits beyond weight loss, including cognitive and cardiac improvements.
• Digital detox retreats answer the modern need to disconnect and recharge mentally.
• Museums in the digital age must evolve to remain relevant and engage younger generations.
• Public transport investments reduce urban congestion and carbon footprints.
• Plant-based diets mitigate environmental degradation and promote holistic health.
• Consumer data collection straddles the line between business intelligence and privacy invasion.
• Urban vertical gardens can revolutionize urban agriculture and combat pollution.
• Telemedicine is revolutionizing healthcare access, especially in remote areas.
• Biodegradable packaging is the future of sustainability in the retail industry.
• Microfinancing empowers grassroots entrepreneurs, especially in developing countries.
• Language learning apps are democratizing education but cannot replace traditional methods entirely.
• Carpooling and ride-sharing reduce urban emissions and promote a shared economy.
• Theaters in the digital age face challenges from streaming platforms but offer a unique experience.
• 3D printing will revolutionize manufacturing, reducing waste and speeding production.
• Sleep’s role is underestimated in cognitive function and overall health.
• Ocean cleanup initiatives combat the plastic crisis but require global cooperation.
• Gamified learning platforms enhance student engagement and retention.
• Blockchain technology offers secure data management but is energy-consuming and requires widespread adoption.
• Historical fiction novels blend factual events with imaginative storytelling, enhancing both education and entertainment.
• Zero waste initiatives promote sustainable living, combating the throwaway culture of modern society.
• Telecommuting benefits the environment and worker satisfaction, but challenges team dynamics.
• Green architecture is the intersection of design and sustainability, making it vital for future urban planning.
• Astronomical tourism opens the wonders of the universe but requires careful management to protect natural nightscapes.
• The rise of abooks redefines reading, making literature accessible in our multitasking age.
• Gene editing techniques hold promise for medical breakthroughs, yet they introduce ethical dilemmas.
• Agroforestry practices enhance biodiversity, soil health, and offer economic benefits to farmers.
• Veganism goes beyond diet; it’s an ethical stance against animal exploitation.
• Cloud computing streamlines data storage but introduces security concerns.
• Holistic medicine integrates mind and body healing, challenging conventional medical paradigms.
• Subscription-based business models resonate with modern consumers, ensuring steady revenue for businesses.
• Cultural immersion travel deepens understanding, combating shallow tourist experiences.
• Biometrics is revolutionizing security, yet poses personal privacy risks.
• Freelance economies offer freedom and flexibility, contrasting the stability of traditional job markets.
• Biodiversity conservation is essential for ecosystem stability and the survival of humanity.
• Mental health days acknowledge the importance of psychological well-being in the workplace.
• Solar power technology is rapidly advancing, making it a feasible replacement for fossil fuels.
• Civic education is crucial in fostering informed and active citizens in democracies.
• Edible insect consumption addresses food sustainability and introduces new culinary experiences.
• Urban beekeeping supports declining bee populations and promotes local food production.
• Mobile health apps enhance personal health management but require stringent data protection measures.
• Trade school education is equally valuable as traditional college degrees, offering practical skills.
• Elderly care robots alleviate human caregiver burdens but prompt questions about emotional connections.
• Second language acquisition enriches cognitive abilities and cultural understanding.
• Craftsmanship in the digital age celebrates hands-on creation amidst automated mass production.
• Ocean wave energy conversion is a promising, untapped sustainable energy resource.
• Diverse representation in media is essential for societal inclusivity and combating stereotypes.
• Microplastics in water sources pose severe environmental and health concerns.
• Fair trade products support ethical consumerism and uplift marginalized producers.
• Hybrid learning models combine online and offline methods, optimizing educational outcomes.
• Multi-generational households foster family bonding but present unique challenges.
• Urban rewilding projects revitalize natural habitats in cityscapes, supporting biodiversity.
• Digital art forms elevate traditional art through technology, yet spark debates on authenticity.
• Food forest initiatives enhance sustainable agriculture, merging productivity with ecosystem health.
• Biophilic design in offices boosts worker productivity and well-being.
• Rainwater harvesting is a sustainable solution to global water scarcity issues.
• Paperless offices reduce environmental impact and increase organizational efficiency.
• Drama therapy offers transformative healing, using performance as a therapeutic tool.
• Ethical AI development balances technological advancement with humane considerations.
• Micro-adventures encourage local exploration, redefining the concept of travel.
• Refurbishing old buildings preserves historical heritage and is environmentally responsible.
• Inclusive toy designs reflect diverse societies, promoting acceptance from a young age.
• Afforestation projects combat deforestation, sequester carbon, and restore habitats.

Thesis Sentence Examples for Essay

Crafting an engaging thesis statement for an essay is crucial. It provides clarity, introduces the main topic, and sets the essay’s tone. This concise yet impactful statement is what keeps readers invested, guiding them through the content.

• Climatic changes influence biodiversity, challenging ecosystems worldwide.
• Digital currencies have revolutionized the global financial system, making transactions more transparent.
• Remote working is a viable alternative to traditional office environments, promoting flexibility.
• Ancient civilizations left imprints on modern cultures, influencing art, politics, and philosophy.
• E-learning platforms provide democratized education, making knowledge accessible to all.
• Artificial intelligence is redefining industries, enhancing efficiency, and customer experiences.
• Organic farming supports sustainable agriculture, providing healthier produce options.
• Sports and physical activities contribute to improved mental health and overall well-being.
• Alternative energy sources are the key to addressing global warming and ensuring sustainable energy.
• The role of media is pivotal in shaping public opinion, especially in this digital age.

Thesis Sentence Examples for High School

High school essays require precise thesis statements, laying the foundation for budding scholars to express their arguments. A strong thesis guides readers, ensuring they grasp the main idea being conveyed.

• Uniforms in schools promote equality among students, reducing social discriminations.
• Extracurricular activities enhance the overall development of high school students.
• Advanced technology has reshaped classroom dynamics, promoting interactive learning.
• Peer pressure in high schools plays a significant role in shaping teenagers’ personalities.
• Summer vacations provide students with a break, enhancing productivity during academic years.
• Counseling sessions in schools benefit students, addressing their emotional and academic needs.
• School libraries encourage reading habits, supporting comprehensive learning.
• Health education should be a mandatory part of the high school curriculum.
• Bullying in schools affects students’ mental health, necessitating strict preventive measures.
• Homework assignments reinforce classroom teachings, ensuring better understanding.

Thesis Sentence Starter Examples

Kickstarting an essay with a compelling thesis statement ensures the reader’s instant engagement. These starter thesis examples set the stage for detailed arguments and discussions.

• Given the rising pollution, eco-friendly vehicles are the need of the hour.
• In the realm of literature, Shakespeare’s works stand unmatched in their depth.
• Considering the health benefits, regular exercise should be a daily routine for everyone.
• Amidst technological advancements, preserving privacy is paramount.
• With the surge in online communication, face-to-face interactions remain invaluable.
• Observing the economic patterns, sustainable business models prove more beneficial long-term.
• Facing the challenge of global warming, renewable energy sources become indispensable.
• Through centuries of art evolution, Renaissance art holds a special place in history.
• Given the prevalence of mental health issues, therapy and counseling are essential services.
• In light of recent events, community building becomes vital for societal progress.

How do you start a thesis sentence?

A thesis sentence serves as the cornerstone of an essay, offering a concise summary of the main idea or claim. Crafting an impactful thesis sentence requires precision and clarity. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you start:

• Understand the Question: Before diving in, understand the essay prompt or research question thoroughly. Knowing the question helps you tailor the thesis effectively.
• Brainstorm: Jot down initial ideas that come to mind. This rough list can be refined later.
• Narrow Down: Ensure your thesis focuses on a specific aspect instead of being overly broad. For instance, instead of “Eating vegetables is good,” specify why and how, like “Eating leafy greens aids digestion due to their high fiber content.”
• Take a Stand: A thesis isn’t just a statement; it often presents an argument. Make sure you’re presenting a perspective or an opinion.
• Be Clear and Concise: Avoid jargon and complicated sentences. Keep it direct and to the point.
• Avoid Clichés and Generalizations: Using worn-out phrases or overly generalized statements weakens your thesis.
• Ensure it’s Debatable: An effective thesis often presents an argument that could be challenged. For instance, “Social media affects mental health” is more debatable than “The earth revolves around the sun.”
• Revise and Refine: After drafting, revisit your thesis. Can it be clearer or more concise? Does it thoroughly represent what your essay will discuss?
• Seek Feedback: Sharing your thesis with peers or mentors can provide valuable insights.
• Position Appropriately: Typically, the thesis is placed at the end of the introduction, setting the stage for the rest of the essay.

What is a thesis sentence in an essay?

A thesis sentence, often referred to as a thesis statement, is a single sentence in an essay (usually appearing in the introduction) that encapsulates the essay’s main idea, argument, or focus. It offers readers a lens through which they can understand the purpose and direction of the essay.

Characteristics of a Thesis Sentence:

• Specificity: It pinpoints the main topic of your essay, avoiding vague generalizations.
• Assertiveness: It takes a clear stance or position on the topic.
• Relevance: It sets the tone and direction for the entire essay, ensuring that readers know what to expect.
• Debatable Nature: Good thesis sentences can be argued, offering a perspective or viewpoint on a subject.
• Clarity: It’s articulated in clear and straightforward language.
• Conciseness: It’s typically just one or two sentences long, no matter how complex the topic might be.
• Guide for the Reader: Think of it as a map or guidepost for your readers, giving them a clear idea of what the essay will discuss.

For instance, in an essay about the effects of technology on communication, a thesis sentence might be, “While modern technology has many benefits, its overuse has led to decreased face-to-face communication, leading to feelings of isolation in individuals.” This statement provides a clear position and direction for the essay.

How do you write a Thesis Sentence? – Step by Step Guide

Crafting a compelling thesis sentence is crucial, as it sets the tone and direction for the entirety of your essay or research paper. Here’s a step-by-step guide to ensure your thesis sentence is effective and impactful:

• Research Your Topic: Before you can form an opinion or argument, you need to have a clear understanding of your topic. Dive into trusted resources and gather information.
• Understand the Prompt: If you’re writing an essay based on a prompt, make sure you fully grasp what’s being asked.
• Brainstorm Ideas: Note down any thoughts, perspectives, or arguments related to your topic. This brainstorming can form the foundation of your thesis.
• Narrow Your Focus: A good thesis is specific and to the point. Narrow down your topic to a specific aspect that you want to focus on.
• Formulate an Opinion: Your thesis should not just state a fact. It should convey an opinion or take a stance on an issue.
• Use Clear and Concise Language: Avoid complex jargon or overly long sentences. Your thesis should be understandable to a broad audience.
• Ensure It’s Debatable: Your thesis should present a claim or argument that others could reasonably dispute.
• Position Properly: Typically, your thesis sentence should be placed at the end of your essay’s introductory paragraph.
• Revise and Refine: Don’t hesitate to revisit and tweak your thesis as your essay evolves. Sometimes, as you write and explore your topic further, your thesis might need adjustment.
• Seek Feedback: Have peers or instructors review your thesis sentence. They might offer invaluable insights or ways to strengthen it.

Tips for Using Thesis Sentences

• Stay Consistent: Ensure that your essay remains consistent with your thesis. Each paragraph should contribute to or elaborate on the argument or claim you’ve made.
• Avoid Generalizations: Phrases like “Everyone knows,” “Since the beginning of time,” or “All people think” tend to weaken your thesis. Stick to specifics.
• Steer Clear of Clichés: Originality strengthens your thesis. Relying on clichéd phrases or ideas can dilute its impact.
• Stay Flexible: As you delve deeper into writing your essay, you might find more relevant points that can make your thesis even stronger. Don’t be rigid; be ready to adjust your thesis if needed.
• Use Strong Language: Words like “might,” “maybe,” “perhaps,” can make your thesis sound uncertain. Choose assertive language to convey confidence in your argument.
• Support Your Thesis: Throughout your essay, continuously provide evidence and examples that back up the claim made in your thesis.
• Reiterate Your Thesis: In your conclusion, restate your thesis (though not verbatim) to remind readers of your main argument as you wrap up your essay.

Remember, your thesis sentence is the backbone of your essay. It sets the tone, direction, and foundation upon which the rest of your arguments and points will be built. Crafting it with care will set the stage for a compelling and well-structured essay.

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