research proposal best topics

151+ Research Proposal Topics [Updated 2024]

Crafting a compelling research proposal begins with selecting the right topic—a task that demands careful consideration and a thoughtful approach. In this blog post, we’ll delve into the intricacies of choosing research proposal topics, exploring the importance of a well-defined focus and guiding you through the steps to create a robust proposal.

How to Select Research Proposal Topics?

Table of Contents

Selecting research proposal topics is a crucial step in the research process. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you choose a compelling and impactful research topic:

Self-reflection:
Identify your personal interests, passions, and curiosities.
Consider topics that resonate with you on a deep level.
Academic and Professional Interests:
Reflect on subjects that captivated you during coursework or work experience.
Assess the relevance of these interests to your academic or career goals.
Current Issues and Trends:
Stay informed about contemporary challenges and emerging trends in your field.
Choose a topic that addresses current issues for greater relevance and impact.
Literature Review:
Conduct a thorough review of existing research in your chosen field.
Identify gaps and limitations in the current body of knowledge.
Formulate Clear Research Questions:
Develop clear and concise research questions based on the gaps identified.
Ensure your questions are feasible and align with the chosen topic.
Choose a Methodology:
Select an appropriate research methodology (experimental, qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods).
Justify your choice and discuss data collection techniques.
Significance and Contribution:
Articulate the relevance of your proposed research.
Highlight the potential contributions your work can make to the field.
Research Design and Plan:
Outline the specifics of your research design.
Create a realistic timeline, allocating resources and budget effectively.
Address Challenges and Limitations:
Acknowledge potential challenges and limitations.
Discuss strategies to mitigate challenges and be transparent about constraints.
Conclusion:
Summarize key points of your research proposal.
Emphasize the importance of the chosen topic and encourage feedback.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your research proposal topic is not only engaging but also has the potential to make a meaningful contribution to your field of study.

151+ Research Proposal Topics: Category Wise

Science and technology.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Job Market Trends
Advancements in Renewable Energy Technologies
Exploring the Potential of CRISPR Technology in Genetic Engineering
Cybersecurity Measures for Critical Infrastructure Protection
The Role of Blockchain in Supply Chain Management
Augmented Reality in Education: Enhancing Learning Experiences
Quantum Computing: Current Status and Future Implications
Sustainable Technologies for Environmental Conservation
Smart Cities: Integrating Technology for Urban Development
Robotics in Healthcare: Applications and Ethical Considerations

Health and Medicine

Precision Medicine: Customizing Healthcare Based on Genetic Factors
The Impact of Telemedicine on Patient Care
Mental Health Stigma: Strategies for Reduction and Education
Vaccination Hesitancy: Understanding Causes and Developing Interventions
Aging Population and Healthcare Challenges
Bioinformatics and Personalized Cancer Therapies
The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosing Medical Conditions
Emerging Infectious Diseases: Preparedness and Response Strategies
Nutrition Education in Schools: Promoting Healthy Lifestyles
Healthcare Disparities: Addressing and Eliminating Gaps in Access

Social Sciences

Social Media and its Influence on Political Discourse
Impact of Social Isolation on Mental Health in Elderly Populations
Cultural Competence in Education: Training and Implementation
The Role of Gender Stereotypes in Career Choices
Cyberbullying: Prevention and Intervention Strategies
The Effects of Immigration Policies on Migrant Communities
Restorative Justice in Criminal Justice Systems
Examining the Relationship Between Social Media Use and Self-Esteem
Intersectionality in Feminist Movements: Challenges and Opportunities
Community Policing: Building Trust between Law Enforcement and Communities
E-Learning Platforms: Effectiveness and Challenges
Inquiry-Based Learning: Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills
Inclusive Education Practices: Meeting the Needs of Diverse Learners
The Impact of Standardized Testing on Educational Equity
School Safety Measures: Strategies for Prevention and Response
Teacher Professional Development: Models and Effectiveness
Online Education Accessibility for Students with Disabilities
Gamification in Education: Engaging Students in Learning
Bilingual Education: Benefits and Challenges
STEM Education Initiatives: Encouraging Interest in Science and Technology

Business and Economics

Sustainable Business Practices: Balancing Profit and Environmental Impact
Corporate Social Responsibility in Multinational Corporations
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Business Operations
Economic Consequences of Global Health Crises
Digital Marketing Trends and Consumer Behavior
Financial Literacy Education: Bridging the Gap
Small Business Sustainability: Challenges and Strategies
The Gig Economy: Implications for Workers and Employers
Supply Chain Resilience in the Face of Global Disruptions
Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets

Environment and Sustainability

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Coastal Communities
Biodiversity Conservation in Urban Environments
Circular Economy Models: Reducing Waste and Promoting Sustainability
Water Scarcity: Technological Solutions and Policy Measures
Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Ecosystems
Sustainable Agriculture Practices: Balancing Production and Conservation
Environmental Education in Schools: Fostering Eco-Consciousness
Green Building Technologies: Enhancing Energy Efficiency
Ecotourism: Balancing Conservation and Economic Development
The Role of International Agreements in Addressing Environmental Issues

Psychology and Behavior

The Influence of Social Media on Body Image and Self-Esteem
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety and Depression
Impact of Childhood Trauma on Adult Mental Health
Positive Psychology Interventions: Enhancing Well-Being
Sleep Hygiene and its Impact on Mental Health
The Psychology of Procrastination: Causes and Interventions
Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: Benefits and Training
The Impact of Parenting Styles on Child Development
Cross-Cultural Psychology: Understanding Cultural Influences on Behavior
The Role of Music in Emotional Regulation and Stress Reduction

Political Science and International Relations

The Rise of Populism: Causes and Consequences
Cyber Warfare and International Security
Human Rights Violations in Conflict Zones: Challenges and Solutions
The Role of International Organizations in Global Governance
Political Polarization: Understanding Divisive Trends
Nuclear Proliferation and Arms Control Agreements
Comparative Analysis of Electoral Systems
Immigration Policies and Social Cohesion
Global Health Diplomacy: Collaborative Approaches to Health Challenges
The Impact of Disinformation on Democratic Processes

History and Cultural Studies

Reevaluating Historical Narratives: Perspectives and Interpretations
Cultural Impact of Globalization: Trends and Reactions
Indigenous Rights and Representation in Historical Context
History of Scientific Discoveries and their Societal Impact
Archaeological Excavations: Uncovering Lost Civilizations
Cultural Appropriation: Examining Controversies and Contexts
The Role of Women in Historical Movements
Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Challenges and Innovations
Historical Trauma and its Contemporary Repercussions
Impact of Colonialism on Contemporary Societies

Communication and Media Studies

Influence of Social Media on Political Participation
Media Representation of Marginalized Groups
Fake News and Misinformation: Identifying and Combating Trends
The Evolution of Print Media in the Digital Age
Media Literacy Education: Navigating Information in the Digital Era
Celebrity Culture and its Impact on Society
The Role of Public Relations in Shaping Organizational Image
Cross-Cultural Communication in Global Business
Podcasting as an Emerging Medium of Communication
Advertising and Consumer Behavior: Analyzing Persuasion Techniques

Philosophy and Ethics

Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence Research
Bioethics in Medical Decision-Making
Existentialism and its Relevance in Contemporary Society
Animal Rights and Ethical Treatment in Scientific Research
Environmental Ethics: Balancing Human Needs and Ecological Sustainability
The Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Cloning
Virtue Ethics in Professional Decision-Making
Technology and Privacy: Ethical Dilemmas in the Digital Age
Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence in Warfare
Utilitarianism and its Application in Ethical Decision-Making

Education Policy and Administration

School Voucher Programs: Impact on Educational Equity
Teacher Evaluation Systems: Effectiveness and Fairness
Inclusive Leadership in Educational Institutions
Early Childhood Education: Policy and Implementation
Standardized Testing: Implications for Educational Policy
Education Funding Models: Challenges and Solutions
School Choice and its Impact on Student Achievement
Educational Technology Integration in Classroom Settings
Community Engagement in School Decision-Making
The Role of Educational Leaders in Fostering Inclusive Schools

Economics and Development Studies

Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation Strategies
Impact of Global Trade Policies on Developing Economies
Economic Empowerment of Women in Developing Countries
Sustainable Development Goals: Progress and Challenges
Rural-Urban Migration: Economic and Social Impacts
Financial Inclusion: Strategies for Bridging the Gap
Foreign Aid Effectiveness: Assessing Outcomes
Technology Transfer and Innovation in Developing Nations
Income Inequality: Causes and Policy Solutions
The Role of Microenterprise in Local Economic Development

Criminal Justice and Law

Restorative Justice: Implementation and Impact on Recidivism
Police Body Cameras: Efficacy and Ethical Considerations
Cybercrime Laws and Challenges in the Digital Age
Juvenile Justice Reform: Strategies for Rehabilitation
Bail Reform: Addressing Inequities in Pretrial Detention
Criminal Profiling: Validity and Ethical Concerns
Drug Policy Reform: Exploring Alternatives to Criminalization
The Impact of Hate Crime Legislation on Social Cohesion
Eyewitness Testimony Reliability: Challenges and Improvements
International Criminal Court: Effectiveness and Challenges

Public Health and Epidemiology

Disease Surveillance Systems: Enhancing Early Detection
Health Inequalities: Social Determinants and Interventions
Maternal and Child Health Interventions in Developing Countries
Impact of Health Education on Preventive Behaviors
Access to Healthcare Services in Rural Areas
Lifestyle Interventions for Chronic Disease Prevention
Community-Based Participatory Research in Public Health
Mental Health Interventions in School Settings
The Role of Public Health in Pandemic Preparedness and Response

Computer Science

Explainable Artificial Intelligence: Bridging the Gap Between Performance and Interpretability
The Role of Quantum Computing in Revolutionizing Cryptography
Ethical Considerations in the Development of Autonomous Vehicles
Cybersecurity Challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) Ecosystem
Human-Computer Interaction: Enhancing User Experience in Virtual Reality Environments

How to Compose a Research Proposal?

Composing a research proposal is a systematic process that involves careful planning, organization, and clear articulation of your research idea. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to compose a research proposal:

Title:
Create a clear and concise title that reflects the essence of your research.
Introduction:
Provide background information on the research topic.
Clearly state the research problem or question.
Justify the importance and relevance of your research.
Summarize relevant existing literature.
Identify gaps, limitations, and areas for further exploration.
Establish a theoretical framework for your study.
Research Questions or Hypotheses:
Formulate clear and specific research questions or hypotheses.
Ensure they align with the research problem and are feasible.
Objectives or Aims:
Outline the specific goals of your research.
Clearly state what you aim to achieve with your study.
Methodology:
Describe the research design and justify your choice.
Detail the data collection methods and tools you plan to use.
Address ethical considerations related to your research.
Explain the importance of your research.
Clearly state the potential contributions your study can make.
Provide a detailed plan for executing your research.
Include a timeline, milestones, and the allocation of resources.
Potential Challenges and Limitations:
Acknowledge possible obstacles and limitations.
Discuss strategies to address challenges proactively.
Summarize the key points of your research proposal.
Reiterate the significance of your research.
Invite feedback and suggestions.
References:
Cite all the sources and literature used in your proposal.
Follow the appropriate citation style ( APA, MLA, Chicago , etc.).
Appendices (if necessary):
Include any supplementary materials such as surveys, questionnaires, or additional data.

Tips for Composing a Research Proposal

Clarity and Conciseness: Use clear and straightforward language. Avoid unnecessary jargon that may confuse readers.
Alignment: Ensure that each section of your proposal aligns with the overall research objective.
Feasibility: Confirm that your proposed research is feasible within the given time and resource constraints.
Review and Revise: Review your proposal for coherence, consistency, and clarity. Seek feedback from peers, mentors, or advisors and make revisions accordingly.
Adherence to Guidelines: Follow any specific guidelines or instructions provided by your institution or funding agency.
Engage the Reader: Capture the reader’s attention in the introduction and maintain engagement throughout.
Ethical Considerations: Clearly address any ethical concerns related to your research, ensuring compliance with ethical standards.

Selecting research proposal topics is a nuanced process that requires a blend of personal passion, academic rigor, and an understanding of the broader context.

By following this comprehensive guide, you can navigate the seas of research proposal development with confidence, ensuring that your chosen topic is not only compelling but also lays the foundation for meaningful and impactful research.

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265 Powerful Research Proposal Topics to Consider [+ Writing Tips]

A research proposal is a common task for students of different levels and areas of study. Although it is relatively straightforward, it still can be hard to start and choose an engaging topic. In this article, you will find 255 strong suggestions on crime & law, business, finance, politics, sociology, and other subjects. Feel free to use this list for your inspiration when writing your paper. Alternatively, you can look at sample essays for free from our database and try to come up with the topic on your own.

Let’s start!

What is a Research Proposal?

Crime & Law Research Topics
Business Proposal Topics
English Proposal Topics
Interesting Proposal Topics

Undergraduate Research Proposal

How To Write A Proposal

First thing first, let’s define what a research proposal is. This type of assignment is similar to research; however, it’s shorter and more general. It aims at introducing a topic that needs a more in-depth discussion. The student should prove that this issue requires further research. Usually, professors assign this type of task for you to practice before working on a bigger format.

A typical research proposal consists of three key sections: introduction, literature review, and methodology of your future study. Keep reading to get to know more about each part and how you can succeed in writing them.

The length of a research proposal depends on the future paper you’re writing it for and on your task requirements. It can be from four to twenty pages. Finally, all proposals should meet the standards of the referencing style that your professor asks for.

You should also understand the difference between a qualitive and a quantitative research proposal. The first one collects non-numerical data while the second one presents numerical information. The results of a qualitive research proposal can be displayed as photographs or recordings, while the quantative research results are usually shown as graphs and tables.

Now, let’s see what topics you can choose for your assignment. Click on the links we shared to find more research proposal examples.

Crime & Law Research Proposal Topics

Law students frequently get tasks like research proposals to develop their academic writing skills and understand complicated cases better. You can be more creative with law & criminology research proposal topics than you expect. Find inspiration for your work in the list below!

International Law Topics

International relations are complicated due to numerous external and internal factors. So, setting laws that would be applicable within different societies is a tough task. In the selection of international law topics below, we collected some challenging ideas. Check it out!

International law and CIA rendition .
Individual legal personality in international law .
The importance of international treaties in warfare.
Russian and european international competition law .
International marine pollution law .
Human rights in international law.
The relations between domestic and international laws .
International law, organizations, and power .
International trade law evolution.
Legal personality development in international law .

Business Law Topics

Business is another field full of unresolved issues and puzzles from the law perspective. From ownership to taxes – each aspect hides dozens of nuances and business law cases. Let’s see what topics you can discuss in your paper.

International business law .
Business law concept and employee arbitration .
Personnel recruitment and equal opportunities law .
Piracy effects on the profitability of a business.
Salesperson’s negligence and consumer law .
The practical use of trademark and copyright by entities.
Model business corporation act: the australian law .
The effects of religion on the implementation of contract law .
Terrorism as global issue and preventive laws .
US traditional business law and Its elements .

Criminology Research Proposal Topics

Today, more and more fields of study discuss equality-related issues. Criminology is not an exception. The most popular topics concern crimes against women, children, minorities, mass violence, race-based felony, etc. Discover more engaging law research proposal topics related to criminology in our list below!

The law of criminal procedure .
Understanding sexual harassment law in action .
Three-strikes law for preventing violent crimes .
The investigation of domestic violence cases.
Criminal behavior investigation and search warrants .
Marijuana legalization and criminalization .
The relations between mental health and criminal behavior .

Criminal behavior theories and contributing factors .
Criminal profiling and police corruption .
Is criminal behavior dependable on one’s genes?
Grounds of victimization.
The criminal analysis of the O.J. Simpson case .
The development of serial killers .
Eyewitness testimony and its role in criminal cases .
Legal issue and criminal evidence .

Criminal Justice Research Proposal Topics

Delivering justice to those who committed crimes can be a complex process. There are many unexpected and controversial issues that institutions should take into account when solving particular cases. We prepared some criminal justice research proposal topics to dwell on. See the following list.

Criminal law: case of susie and perry .
Pulling the trigger: evaluating criminal gun laws .
The ethics of capital punishment.
The difference between war and civil crimes.
Pretrial procedures in the criminal justice system .
Juvenile detention criminal procedure.
Plea-bargaining law impact on criminal justice .
False confession in the criminal justice system .
The dissimilarity of criminal justice laws in different states.
Professional ethics in criminal justice: Singleton vs Norris .
Racial bias in criminal justice systems and workplaces .
Gender bias in criminal justice laws.
Confessions in saudi vs US criminal justice systems .
Severe financial crimes and their investigation.
Jury’s professionalism in criminal trials .

Business Research Proposal Topics

Business is a complex area that consists of various disciplines like marketing, finance, recruitment, business administration, and so on. In this section, we selected 60 business research proposal topics related to each of them. First, let’s see what ideas there are for general business issues.

Quality & environmental management for business excellence .
Entrepreneurship and small business management .
How can small businesses survive financial instability?
Quantitative techniques in business to manage quality .
Best strategies for an effective sales pitch.
SAS institute’s generic & business strategies .
Capitalism and free market issues.
The impact of leadership skills on business management .
International business: Sino-American trade war .
The impact of globalization on small businesses .
Needs-based business plan and project management .
Importance of negotiation contracts in the business .
Personal success factors in the business world .
Consequences of working overtime.
Time management as an effective business tool.

Marketing Research Proposal Topics

Today, a well-built marketing department can contribute a lot to the company’s success. On the other hand, having a weak promotion strategy can make even the best product unnoticeable on the market. Let’s see which marketing research proposal topics you can bring to light!

Telecommuting as a trend of contemporary business.
Differences between traditional and digital marketing.
The importance of creating a consistent brand image .
Market globalization and global marketing pitfalls.
International marketing: global corporation vs. company.
Use of alternative media in marketing communications .
Gamification as a marketing tool.
Paid search marketing and search engine optimization.
How do brands exploit impulsive buying ?
Influencer marketing in the fashion industry.
How to get readers engaged with your content?
The evolution of consumer behavior in the past twenty years.
Advertising analytics and marketing innovations.
The distinction in marketing strategies across different cultures.
Which Marketing Channel Has the Biggest Potential Today?

Research Proposal Topics in Human Resource Management

Any business is more about people than about a particular product. Hiring the right fits and supporting them in their working journey is challenging – many issues can appear out of nowhere. Discuss one of the research proposal topics in human resource management from our list below and shed light on the questions you find crucial.

Corporate social responsibility & business ethics.
Ethics in business: child labor in chocolate industry.

Human resources: social media policy in companies.
Hiring the right fits: best strategies.
Human resources and organization management.
How to deal with overqualified employees?
Aligning human resources and business strategy.
The responsibilities of a human resource manager regarding talent hunting and management.
Healthcare human resources management and changes.
What fringe benefits are the most desirable for employees today?
Google company: international human resources management.
Ways of encouraging employee’s personal and professional growth .
Human resources in global business management.
What factors promote employee’s loyalty ?
Federal and state human resources in Florida’ health care.

Finance Research Proposal Topics

Excellent finance management is the key to success for any company. This area has multiple internal and external aspects that should be considered when building business plans and strategies. In the list below, you will find finance research proposal topics related to such issues as corporate responsibility, investment, crisis management, shares, etc.

Project cost and finance management challenges.
Foreign direct investment and collaborative ventures.
The impact of global financial crisis on large-scale companies.
Fiscal policy: federal investment and taxes.
Corporate social responsibility and corporate finance.
Finance and corporate responsibility.
Financial constraints and investment cash flow sensitivity.
Roles of finance in business modernization.
The issues of traditional finance.
Investor’s role in creating culture of excellence.
Large profit margins and utilitarian business ethics.
Finance and crisis management .
Are a firm’s cash flow and profit different?
The role of shares in the company’s financial system .
Debt management process and its impact on the company.

English Research Proposal Topics

English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. It’s associated with outstanding achievements and changes in society. Also, it brought to light a handful of written masterpieces and their famous authors. Discuss one of the works or issues from the list below – dive into the depth of language!

Research Proposal: English Literature Topics

It’s hard to deny the talent of such writers as Jane Austen or Mark Twain. However, there are also less well-known masters, like Sylvia Plath, whose writings also deserve your undivided attention. Their works will teach you a lot about life in the previous centuries. Discover more research proposal English literature topics below!

Meanings in “Lady Lazarus” poem by Sylvia Plath.
Themes in poems by Robert Frost and Dylan Thomas.
Gender roles in Jane Austen’s novels.
Portraying feminism in the 20th century American poems.
War attitudes in American and British poems.
The story behind “ The Lord of the Rings .”

The definition of a Noble Outlaw and examples in English literature.
Death in Emily Dickinson’s poems .
Jane Austen’s novels: pastiches’ analysis.
Why do authors create fictional languages?
How is piracy depicted in “Treasure Island”?
Slavery in “Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” the novel by Mark Twain.
The hidden concepts and parallels in “The War of Worlds.”
Satire in “Gulliver’s Travels.”
Conflicts in Harper Lee’s novel “To Kill a Mockingbird.”

Research Proposal on the English Language

Language is a diverse world that lives by its rules and gets constantly enriched by its speakers. English is a unique one in terms of being a second language to representatives of multiple nations and cultures. That’s why it is influenced by many languages and develops faster than any other one. We prepared fifteen topics for a research proposal on the English language to dwell on its current issues.

Gender differences in using the english language.
Speech disorders in english language learners.
How does english influence other languages?
Challenges in teaching english as a foreign language.
The status of english as an international language.
The origins of the english language.
The reasons behind the differences between American and British english .
Black english and non-standard language.
Language as a political tool.
Phenomena that enrich the english language.
Transgender community and heterosexism in language.
The future of the english language.
The influence of author’s neologisms on the english language.
Diversity psychology: foreign canguage and cognition.
How are ethnic minorities in the US shaping the english language?

Interesting Research Proposal Topics

Writing a research proposal can be more entertaining if you’re presenting a topic you’re deeply interested in. Whether it is politics or psychology, there is a lot to talk about. In this section, you can choose an exciting topic for a research proposal on different subjects and issues. Let’s see what we selected for you!

Political Science Research Proposal Topics

Today’s politics is developing in a tight bond with the issues of inequality, climate change, and others. Society requires the government’s immediate decisions regarding the subsequent problems. The relations between certain countries also become tense, making politicians react to urgent issues as soon as possible. All the above make politics a complex and controversial subject. Expose your thoughts on one of the political science research proposal topics we have chosen for you.

African-American political science: 14th amendment.
Political environment: democrats and republicans.
The relation between climate and politics.
Political activism: “Forces of Labor” by Beverly Silver.
The challenges of 2020 United States presidential election .
The relation between poverty and corrupted government.
Hegemony vs. counter hegemony: power & speech.
The American tradition of federalism and multiculturalism.
Who is more responsible for building democracy – government or society?
Authoritarian & totalitarian autocracy in examples.
The reasons why socialism has failed.
Is global democracy achievable in the future?
The origins of Sino-American conquest.
Nuclear Politics in the Modern World.
World government: utopian dream or dystopian nightmare?

Research Proposal Topics in Education

Education is a vital part of one’s life and growth. Moreover, we spend most of our youth studying and preparing for our future life. So, why not make the most of this time? In recent years, the views on the perfect study process have changed a lot. Speak out your ideas on these research proposal topics in education:

Teenagers’ contemporary issues: bullying at school.
Math and science opportunities in a preschool program.
Authoritative teachers: classic behavior or remnants of the past?
Psychological development of a school-aged child.
Should schoolgoers take sex education classes?
The reasons why education is not free.
High school challenges in personal experience.
Will there be no schools in the future?
Factors affecting technology uses in schools.

5 Common Uses Of Technology In The Classroom.

Methods of making the study process more practical.
Do young people need to get a master’s degree ?
Homeschooling disadvantages for students and parents .
How many foreign languages should a person know?
Is education the key to building a successful career ?
School experience for students with disabilities.

Sociology Research Proposal Topics

Society is constantly evolving so that more and more new issues arise. Today, we speak more about gender, race, sexual orientation, and ethnic minorities than at any time in the history of humankind. What will be the results of this discussion? We suggest you express your opinion on one of the sociology research proposal topics!

Ideal society and its constituents.
Substance abuse and impact on the family.
Gender bias : will the world ever eliminate them?
Parasocial relationships and purchasing habits.
The origins of vandalism.
Community capacity building against suicide.
The role of religion in contemporary society.
The effects of ethnic minorities on prevailing nation.
Sexual orientation as a social construction and reality.
How does climate change shape society?
Cultural and social literacy for millennials.
The society of future: possible scenarios.
The relations between art and society .
Can intolerance be fully eliminated?
White supremacy and historical blindness.

Psychology Research Proposal Topics

Today’s youth cares about their mental health more than the previous generation. Is that for good? Knowing what’s going inside your head can have an immense impact on your quality of life. This is a truly life-changing journey. The topical issues now are anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and PTSD. We prepared fifteen psychology research proposal topics for you to discuss.

Generalized anxiety disorder: treatment.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction.
The difference between clinical and situational depression.
The concept of brain plasticity.
Why has anxiety become so common today?
Food and mental health: relations and impact.
Childhood relationships & adolescent mental health.
Defense mechanisms in psychological practice.
How do political regimes influence mental health ?
Postpartum depression: diagnosis and treatment.
Personality types : myth or science-based classification?
The impact of Freud’s ideas on today’s psychology.
Were Freud’s statements innovative at his time?
Psychology behind overworking and professional burnout .
Positive psychology for military leadership.

Research Proposal Topics in Information Technology

Today’s life depends a lot on technology and its development. From work to health issues – many things can be solved or complicated by machines or algorithms. New technologies require new laws and ways of coping with everyday situations. However, there’s no correct answer whether they are good or bad. We prepared some absorbing information technology research proposal topics for you!

Cyber surveillance and privacy of internet users.
Military drones: innovation project.
Cybersecurity and intellectual property issues.
National incident management and command systems.
The role of artificial intelligence in everyday life.
The potential risks of online voting.
Cybercrime and its impact on society.
Artificial intelligence and language processing : contemporary challenges.
Information technology-based data management in retail.
The use of technologies in farming .
Email Fraud and user protection strategies.
Technological advancement of the study process.
The approaches to maximizing the use of big data.
Wireless technology and applications.
The relations between technologies and globalization .

Biology Research Proposal Topics

Are you curious about what’s going on inside your body or any other living being? If you’re studying this, the biology research proposal topics below will be handy for you! We selected ideas for papers about bacteria, cells, innovations in biotechnologies, and more.

Bacteria differentiation: endospore and acid-fast staining.
The reasons behind common plant diseases.
Water treatments and maximum plant height.
Specific features of the underwater living beings.
Camouflage techniques in the animal world.
Agricultural biotechnology and its pros and cons.
The impact of hormones on our wellbeing.
Bacteria lab: enriched, selective, differential media.
Homosexuality among mammals.
Is domestication harmful to racoons?
Biomimicry: innovations inspired by nature.
Who has the world’s most incredible digestion systems among mammals?
Stem cell debate.
Molecular biology and genetics.
Can aging be reverted?

Public Health Research Proposal Topics

With the advancements in governmental systems and technologies, public healthcare becomes more accessible and effective, yet many issues are to be resolved in the future. We found some research proposal topics in nursing and other medical disciplines that will be interesting to study.

The epidemiology of obesity.
Are addictions inevitable?
Social media in nursing: pitfalls and opportunities.
Can music be used as remedy?
Artificial intelligence in healthcare: pros & cons.
Chinese traditional medicine : what can it teach the west?
National patient safety goals: critical care access.
The effects of body positive movement on obesity rate .

Health issues caused by climate change.
Seasonal allergies and their impact on our health.
The relations between psychology and physical health .
Quit smoking: therapies and medications.
AIDS treatment and common myths.
Stress reduction programs for pregnant women.
The importance of vaccines today.

You can find many engaging topics to discuss during your college or university life. We selected ideas for your paper that relate to different subjects and areas of study. Feel free to pick up any topics for an undergraduate research proposal you’re curious about and study it.

“The Great Gatsby” a novel by Francis Scott Fitzgerald.
“Pride and Prejudice” a novel by Jane Austen.
Shakespeare’s Masterpieces: Why They Deserve attention.
Political ideologies and their differences.
The evolution of gender .
Race and gender in public relations.
Why is It hard to achieve complete democracy ?
Should people under 18 get a tattoo?
Should living with parents after 30 be normalized?
Fat acceptance and body positivity.
How can society make the life of disabled people better?
Divorce effects on children’s behavior.
The benefits of Wi-Fi.
How can investing be useful for young people?
Artificial intelligence: pros and cons.
Artificial intelligence and free will .
Key aging factors among women.
Can zodiac signs theories be scientifically proven?
The evolution of cinematography .
Space tourism: evolution and prospects.

How To Write A Research Proposal

If you made it down here, you probably want to know more about the research proposal structure. In this section, we’ll discuss the specific features of this type of assignment and how to title a research proposal.

A research proposal is a compelling abstract that introduces your proposed paper. In this writing, you present the key questions of the research. The research proposal format can be described as general, summarizing, and brief. Your main goal here is to demonstrate that the topic you’ve chosen deserves more attention.

How To Title A Research Proposal

Your research proposal should grab attention from the very first second when the reader looks at its title. Let’ see which points you should consider to make it impressive and engaging.

The title should clearly state the subject under study.
Stimulate reader’s interest by using powerful adjectives and adverbs – speak to their emotions.
Hint at what type of work is that. For example, if you contrast two methods or situations, be sure to mention both within your title.

If you’re assigned a particular topic, it can be a little easier for you to title your research proposal. Simply rephrase the sentence or sentences in your task and cut off too specific information. Remember that your title should be as short as 10-15 substantive words.

Research Proposal Outline

It’s not enough to write valuable content. You should also know how to organize it properly. That’s why a good outline brings you halfway to a successfully completed task. A research proposal outline is similar to other academic papers. However, its structure has some crucial points to consider. Here are seven critical elements of a superb research proposal:

Title We already discussed how to create an outstanding title for your paper. However, it’s essential that this is just a proposed name for your work, and you can revise it when it comes to working on the actual research paper.
Research Proposal Abstract A research proposal introduction typically comes in the format of an abstract. It’s similar to a thesis statement but can be presented in up to 100 words. In this part, you should concisely point out the key issues to be discussed in your paper.
Research Context In this section, you should explain the background behind the issue you’re studying. Introduce the reader to details and facts that will make understanding the subject and your conclusions easier. Start with talking about the area of study in general and then move to the smaller notions you operate in your paper.
Research Questions Before starting your paper, dwell on the questions you’re trying to answer. Write them down separately first, and then present the essential ones in this section of a research proposal. One of the questions you will mention should relate to the usability of your research results: will this data be empirical or theoretical?
Research Methods In this part, you should explain how you’re going to conduct your research. There are various methods of working with data: visiting libraries, taking interviews, field working, etc. Most of the research works are fully or partly library-based, so don’t forget to mention the exact institutions you will visit to find specific information. For empirical data collecting, it’s important to present a detailed description and potential problems you may encounter in the process.
Significance of Research Your proposal should show how your research can be helpful and applicable for further exploration. It should also be original and seek answers to formerly unresolved issues.
Works Cited A crucial part of any academic paper is the bibliography. Be sure to check the referencing style you should use and what requirements this part has.

In today’s article, we presented 265 topic proposals for a research paper for you to find inspiration and ideas for your work. You can also discover dozens of examples from one of the largest essay sample databases – StudyCorgi.

Stay tuned and follow our latest updates to know how to excel in your studies!

A Guide to Research Proposals – Sacred Heart University Library
Research Guides – USC Libraries
How to Write a Research Proposal – University of Birmingham
International Law Topics – University of Queensland
Writing a Research Paper – OWL Purdue
Outline for a Research Proposal Project – Portland State University
A Sample Research Proposal with Comments
Where do I Begin? – OWL Purdue
Annotade Sample Research Proposal
How to Choose a Dissertation Topic For Your Doctoral Degree – Walden University
Choosing a Topic – Fontbonne University
Thesis Topics – LSA Psychology University of Michigan
Choosing a Topic for Your Research Paper – OWL Purdue
Undergraduate Sample Research Topics: Political Science – Western Michigan University
Business Research Topic Ideas – Frances Willson Thompson Library
How to write a research proposal – The University of Sydney

200 Research Proposal Topics Across Key Disciplines

A research proposal involves planning out a project you're curious about in your field. It outlines what you plan to study, how you'll go about it, and why it matters.

The problem, though, is what research proposal topic to pick, as there are so many to choose from, with :

Fields like AI are getting more and more popular among students, with the AI market set to grow to $310 billion by 2026.
Politics is another dynamic area, with ongoing shifts in global power structures, international relations, and policy-making.
And for those of you passionate about the environment, the renewable energy sector could see investments of up to $1.97 trillion by 2030.

These fields provide excellent opportunities for research and open doors to exciting career paths.

In this guide, you’ll discover a broad selection of research proposal topic ideas that cover everything from international relations to the impacts of global economic policies. Each one comes with short pointers on how to develop it into a solid proposal.

And if you find yourself needing a bit more guidance in writing a research proposal , don’t hesitate to reach out to DoMyEssay. We’re ready to help you polish your proposal and get set for some serious research.

Best Research Proposal Topics

Political science research proposal topics.

Here are some engaging political science topic ideas, with tips on how to approach them and examples to guide your research process:

How Does Social Media Influence Political Campaigns? In this topic, l ook into how politicians like Obama and Trump used Twitter and Facebook to shape voter behavior and campaign strategies.
What Are the Implications of Voter ID Laws on Election Outcomes? Compare how strict voter ID laws in the U.S. affect who shows up to vote and examine how it changes election results.
Can Decentralized Platforms Improve Government Transparency? Check out how Estonia uses blockchain to make government actions more transparent and reduce corruption.
What Is the Impact of Globalization on National Sovereignty? This proposal explores how the EU and Brexit challenge the balance between working together globally and keeping national control.
How Effective Are International Sanctions in Influencing National Policies? Look into whether sanctions on countries like Iran and North Korea actually make them change their policies.
What Role Does Propaganda Play in Modern Warfare? See how Russia uses state-run media during war conflicts, like in Ukraine, to influence public opinion at home and abroad.
Can Democracy Be Exported? A Study of Western Influence in Non-Western Countries For this research, study whether U.S. efforts to promote democracy in places like Iraq and Afghanistan have worked or faced challenges.
How Do Migration Policies Affect International Relations? Look at how the EU-Turkey migration deal has impacted relationships between countries and regional stability.
What Are the Consequences of Political Corruption on Economic Development? Analyze how corruption in countries like Brazil or Nigeria slows down economic growth and reduces public trust.
How Do Climate Change Policies Differ Across Political Systems? For this topic, compare how democracies like the U.S. and authoritarian regimes like China approach climate change and global agreements like the Paris Accord.

Computer Science Project Proposal Topics

Here are some solid topic ideas to help you get started, from AI innovations to the latest in cybersecurity:

How Can Machine Learning Improve Predictive Analytics? See how machine learning, like Netflix’s recommendation system or fraud detection in banks, improves predictions in finance and healthcare.
What Are the Ethical Concerns Surrounding AI in Decision-Making? Explore ethical issues in AI, such as biases in hiring algorithms or predictive policing.
How Does Blockchain Enhance Data Security? For this proposal, Check out how blockchain secures data in banking and healthcare, protecting transactions and patient records.
What Are the Challenges of Implementing Quantum Computing? Look into the practical challenges of quantum computing, like error rates and extreme conditions needed for it to work.
How Can Augmented Reality Be Used in Education? Look into how augmented reality (AR) is used in classrooms, for instance, how AR apps can bring historical events to life or help medical students visualize complex anatomy.
What Are the Benefits and Drawbacks of Cloud Computing? For this research, study how companies like Netflix use cloud computing, weighing the benefits of global access against security risks.
How Can Natural Language Processing Improve Human-Computer Interaction? See how NLP tools like Siri and Alexa make technology easier to interact with by better understanding human language.
What Role Does Cybersecurity Play in Protecting Critical Infrastructure? Look into how cybersecurity is essential for protecting power grids and water supplies, using examples like the Stuxnet attack on Iran's nuclear facilities.
How Can Big Data Analytics Drive Business Decisions? For this topic, Examine how companies like Amazon use big data to make smarter decisions, from product recommendations to supply chain management.
What Are the Applications of Robotics in Healthcare? Check out how robots are revolutionizing healthcare, from surgical robots like the Da Vinci system to robots that assist with hospital patient care.

International Relations Research Proposal Ideas

These international relations research topic ideas will help you explore critical global issues, from trade agreements to climate change impacts:

Research on How Trade Agreements Influence Diplomatic Relations Look at how trade deals like NAFTA impact relationships between countries, affecting both cooperation and conflicts.
What Is the Role of the United Nations in Conflict Resolution? Investigate how the UN intervenes in conflicts, such as the Syrian civil war, and assess its effectiveness in maintaining peace.
How Do Economic Sanctions Affect International Relations? Check out how sanctions on countries like Venezuela or Russia change their relationships with other nations.
Research on What Role Media Plays in Shaping International Relations Explore how news coverage shapes public opinion and diplomatic relations, especially in conflicts like those in the Middle East.
What Are the Implications of Brexit on the European Union? See how Brexit has reshaped the EU’s political and economic landscape, affecting ties with both members and non-members.
How Does Migration Affect International Relations? Study how migration, like the flow of people from the Middle East to Europe, influences diplomatic ties between nations.
Research on the Impact of Climate Change on Global Security Look at how issues like rising sea levels and resource shortages are becoming key concerns in global security.
How Do Peacekeeping Missions Influence International Stability? Explore how UN peacekeeping efforts in places like Africa or the Balkans help — or don’t help—maintain stability.
What Are the Challenges of Nuclear Non-Proliferation? Check out the difficulties in stopping the spread of nuclear weapons, especially in countries like North Korea.
Research on How Foreign Direct Investment Influences International Relations? Study how investments by multinational companies in other countries affect diplomatic ties and local economies.

Economics Research Proposal Topics

These economics research ideas will help you explore key issues in the field, including the impact of interest rates on economic growth and the effects of globalization:

Research on How Interest Rates Affect Economic Growth See how changes in interest rates, set by central banks like the Federal Reserve, impact the economy and what people spend.
What Are the Economic Impacts of Income Inequality? Look at how the gap between the rich and poor affects a country’s economic stability, using examples from the United States.
How Does Tax Policy Influence Business Investment? Explore how different tax policies, like corporate tax cuts, either encourage or discourage businesses from investing.
What Are the Effects of Globalization on Developing Economies? Study how globalization impacts the growth of emerging markets in countries like India and Brazil.
Proposal on How Exchange Rates Affect International Trade Check out how changes in exchange rates, like the value of the U.S. dollar against the euro, affect trade between countries.
What Role Does Government Spending Play in Economic Recovery? Look into how government spending helps boost the economy during tough times, focusing on examples like the 2008 financial crisis.
How Does Unemployment Affect Consumer Spending? Explore how rising or falling unemployment rates impact how much people spend and the overall health of the economy.
What Are the Economic Impacts of Automation? See how automation in industries like manufacturing is changing job markets and productivity.
Research on How Trade Policies Influence Global Supply Chains Examine how trade policies, like tariffs or free trade agreements, affect how goods are produced and moved around the world.
What Are the Effects of Minimum Wage Increases on Small Businesses? Look into how raising the minimum wage impacts small businesses, both the good and the bad.

Business Research Proposal Topic Ideas

These business research questions cover a range of topic ideas, including leadership styles, customer retention, and the impact of artificial intelligence on business operations:

Proposal on How Leadership Styles Affect Employee Productivity Explore how different leadership approaches, like transformational or authoritarian styles, impact how productive employees are.
Proposal on the Best Strategies for Customer Retention Look into the most effective ways businesses keep customers coming back, like loyalty programs or personalized marketing.
Proposal on How Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Brand Image Study how a company’s CSR activities, like environmental initiatives, shape its reputation and customer loyalty.
Proposal on the Impact of E-commerce on Traditional Retail Businesses See how the rise of online shopping is changing the landscape for traditional brick-and-mortar stores.
Proposal on How Startups Successfully Attract Investors Examine the strategies that help startups secure funding, such as pitch decks, business models, and networking.
Proposal on the Effects of Remote Work on Team Collaboration Look into how working from home changes the way teams communicate and work together, both positively and negatively.
Proposal on How Digital Marketing Influences Consumer Behavior Explore how online ads, social media, and SEO shape the way people shop and make decisions.
Proposal on the Challenges of Managing a Multigenerational Workforce Study the difficulties and benefits of leading a team that includes employees from different age groups, like Baby Boomers and Millennials.
Proposal on How Companies Use Data Analytics to Improve Decision-Making Check out how businesses leverage data to make better decisions, from marketing strategies to product development.
Proposal on the Role Innovation Plays in Business Success Look at how companies that prioritize innovation, like Apple or Tesla, achieve long-term success.

Management Research Proposal Topics

These interesting research paper topics in management will help you dive into key areas like leadership, team dynamics, human resource management, and organizational culture:

How Does Leadership Style Influence Employee Motivation? See how democratic leadership at companies like Google boosts motivation compared to more top-down approaches.
What Are the Best Practices for Managing Remote Teams? Look into how tools like Zoom help managers keep remote teams connected and engaged.
How Does Organizational Culture Affect Employee Satisfaction? Study how Google’s creative culture leads to higher employee satisfaction and engagement.
What Are the Challenges of Change Management in Organizations? Examine how Microsoft successfully managed its shift to cloud computing, overcoming employee resistance.
How Do Team Dynamics Impact Project Success? Explore how Agile teams in tech, with open communication, lead to successful project outcomes.
What Is the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Leadership? See how emotionally intelligent leaders improve team morale by responding to employees’ needs.
How Do Employee Incentive Programs Influence Productivity? Check out how Amazon’s performance bonuses boost productivity and motivation among employees.
What Are the Key Factors in Managing Organizational Conflict? Study how IBM uses mediation to resolve conflicts and maintain a positive work environment.
How Does Diversity in the Workplace Affect Team Performance? Examine how diverse teams at companies like Unilever bring in varied perspectives and improve performance.
What Are the Benefits of Mentorship Programs in the Workplace? See how mentorship at General Electric helps junior employees grow and contributes to company success.

MBA Research Proposal Topic Ideas

These MBA research topics for students will help you explore critical areas in business management, from strategic planning to the role of information technology in business:

How Does Strategic Planning Affect Business Success? Explore how effective strategic planning helps companies like Apple achieve long-term success.
What Are the Key Drivers of Innovation in Startups? Look into how startups like Airbnb foster innovation through a culture of creativity and risk-taking.
How Do Financial Management Practices Impact Company Growth? Examine how good financial management helped companies like Amazon scale quickly.
What Is the Role of Leadership in Organizational Change? Study how leaders at companies like Microsoft successfully manage major organizational changes.
How Does Brand Management Influence Consumer Loyalty? See how strong brand management at companies like Nike keeps customers coming back.
What Are the Effects of Corporate Governance on Business Performance? Look into how strong corporate governance at companies like Tesla influences business outcomes.
How Does Digital Transformation Drive Business Growth? Explore how companies like Netflix use digital transformation to stay competitive and grow.
What Is the Impact of Marketing Strategies on Business Revenue? Study how innovative marketing strategies boost revenue at companies like Coca-Cola.
How Does Supply Chain Management Contribute to Business Efficiency? Check out how efficient supply chain management helps companies like Walmart reduce costs and improve efficiency.
What Are the Best Practices for Risk Management in Businesses? Look into how companies like Goldman Sachs manage risks to protect their assets.

Business Project Proposal Topics

These business project proposal topics focus on how various strategies and tools can influence academic performance in a business context, offering a fresh perspective for your typical research proposal:

How Do Mergers and Acquisitions Influence Market Position? Examine how mergers, like Disney acquiring Pixar, strengthen a company’s position in the market.
What Is the Role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Brand Image? See how CSR efforts at companies like Starbucks improve their brand image and customer loyalty.
How Does Talent Management Affect Organizational Performance? Explore how effective talent management practices help companies like Google maintain a high-performance culture.
What Are the Impacts of Globalization on Business Operations? Look into how globalization affects the way companies like McDonald's operate worldwide.
How Do Consumer Behavior Trends Influence Marketing Tactics? Study how understanding consumer behavior trends helps companies like Amazon tailor their marketing efforts.
What Are the Challenges of Implementing Sustainability in Business? Examine how companies like IKEA navigate the challenges of integrating sustainability into their business models.
How Does Financial Technology (FinTech) Impact Traditional Banking? Explore how the rise of FinTech companies like PayPal is changing the traditional banking landscape.
What Is the Effect of Leadership Styles on Company Culture? See how leadership styles at companies like Google shape their unique company cultures.
How Do Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems Improve Business Performance? Look into how CRM systems, like Salesforce, help businesses manage customer relationships and boost performance.
What Are the Benefits of E-commerce for Small Businesses? Explore how e-commerce platforms help small businesses reach a wider audience and grow.

Sociology Research Proposal Ideas

These sociology research project ideas will help you explore key social issues and phenomena, offering a strong foundation for your research:

How Does Social Media Affect Adolescent Mental Health? For this topic, explore how platforms like Instagram and TikTok impact the mental health of teenagers, focusing on issues like anxiety and self-esteem.
What Is the Role of Family Structure in Child Development? Study how different family structures, such as single-parent households or extended families, influence a child's emotional and social development.
How Does Socioeconomic Status Affect Educational Opportunities? Examine how a family's income level influences access to quality education and impacts long-term academic and career success.
What Are the Social Impacts of Urbanization? For this topic, look into how the rapid growth of cities affects community relationships, crime rates, and access to resources like housing and healthcare.
How Does Gender Stereotyping Influence Career Choices? Explore how traditional gender roles and stereotypes shape career decisions and job opportunities for men and women.
What Is the Effect of Cultural Diversity on Workplace Dynamics? Study how a diverse workforce, including different ethnicities and cultures, influences teamwork, communication, and overall workplace harmony.
How Do Social Movements Drive Legislative Change? For this topic, examine how movements like Black Lives Matter or #MeToo have influenced changes in laws and policies at both local and national levels.
What Are the Causes and Consequences of Homelessness? Look into the root causes of homelessness, such as poverty or mental health issues, and explore the social and economic effects on communities.
How Does Media Representation Affect Public Perception of Minorities? Study how the portrayal of ethnic and racial minorities in news and entertainment media shapes public attitudes and beliefs.
What Role Does Religion Play in Social Integration? For this topic, explore how religious beliefs and practices help immigrants and other minority groups integrate into new communities.

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Psychology Research Proposal Topics

Choose one of these psychology research topic ideas to explore the fascinating ways our minds work, from how childhood experiences shape our adult lives to the impact of technology on our attention spans:

How Does Childhood Trauma Affect Adult Relationships? Explore how experiences of trauma in childhood influence relationship patterns and attachment styles in adulthood.
What Is the Impact of Social Media on Self-Esteem? Examine how platforms like Instagram and Facebook affect self-esteem, particularly in teenagers and young adults.
How Do Sleep Patterns Affect Cognitive Function? For this topic, study the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, and problem-solving.
What Are the Psychological Effects of Chronic Stress? Look into how prolonged exposure to stress impacts mental health, including the development of anxiety and depression.
How Does Positive Reinforcement Influence Behavior Change? Explore how positive reinforcement techniques, such as rewards, are used in therapy to encourage behavior modification.
What Is the Role of Genetics in Mental Health Disorders? For this topic, examine the influence of genetic factors on the development of mental health disorders like schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
How Do Parenting Styles Affect Child Development? Study how different parenting approaches, such as authoritative or permissive styles, impact a child's emotional and social growth.
What Are the Effects of Mindfulness Practices on Anxiety? Look into how mindfulness techniques, such as meditation, reduce anxiety and improve overall mental well-being.
How Does Peer Pressure Influence Adolescent Decision-Making? For this topic, explore how the desire to fit in with peers affects the choices and behaviors of teenagers.
What Is the Relationship Between Nutrition and Mental Health? Examine how diet and nutrition influence mental health, including the effects of specific nutrients on mood and cognitive function.

Chemistry Research Proposal Topic Ideas

These chemistry research topic ideas explore scientific advancements while addressing the ethical considerations that arise in this dynamic field:

How Can Green Chemistry Make Manufacturing Cleaner? Explore how using less harmful substances in manufacturing processes reduces environmental damage and improves safety.
What Ethical Questions Come Up with Synthetic Biology? For this topic, discuss the concerns related to creating organisms that could outcompete natural species or be used irresponsibly.
How Does Handling Chemical Waste Affect Our Health? Examine specific cases where improper chemical waste disposal has led to community health crises, like in Flint, Michigan.
What Are the Ethical Dilemmas in Creating Sustainable Energy? Consider the trade-offs between developing large-scale solar farms that may disrupt ecosystems and the need to reduce fossil fuel use.
Is Nanotechnology Safe in Medical Treatments? For this topic, investigate the potential long-term effects of nanomaterials in the body, focusing on their use in cancer treatment.
Should We Test Chemicals on Animals? Debate the necessity of animal testing in the cosmetics industry versus the push for cruelty-free alternatives and synthetic testing methods.
How Harmful Are Pesticides to People and the Planet? Look at studies linking pesticide exposure to health issues in farming communities and their effects on local wildlife.
What's Wrong with Developing Chemical Weapons? For this topic, discuss the international laws against chemical weapons and the ethical implications of their potential use in warfare.
Can Biodegradable Plastics Help Us Fight Pollution? Explore successful examples of biodegradable plastics in use today and their effectiveness in reducing plastic waste in oceans.
How Ethical Is the Drug Development Process? Evaluate the transparency in clinical trials for new medications, including how results are reported and who benefits from the findings.

History Research Proposal Ideas

These history research proposal ideas offer a range of topics from ancient civilizations to modern international conflicts:

How Did Ancient Trade Routes Shape Early Civilizations? Explore how the Silk Road and other trade networks influenced the cultural and economic development of ancient societies.
What Were the Social Impacts of the Industrial Revolution? Investigate how the Industrial Revolution transformed class structures, urbanization, and family dynamics in Europe and America.
How Did Colonialism Affect Indigenous Cultures? Examine the long-term effects of European colonialism on native populations in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
What Roles Did Women Play in World War II? Study the diverse contributions of women during WWII, from factory work to serving in armed forces across different countries.
How Did the Cold War Influence Global Politics? Look into the geopolitical strategies and conflicts driven by the Cold War, including proxy wars and espionage between the USSR and the USA.
What Were the Major Causes and Consequences of the American Civil War? Analyze the key factors that led to the Civil War and its impact on American society and politics.
How Have Migration Patterns Affected Cultural Identities? Explore how significant migration waves, such as the Great Migration in the US or the post-WWII movements in Europe, reshaped cultural identities.
What Are the Historical Roots of Modern Terrorism? Investigate the evolution of terrorism, tracing its historical roots and how it has transformed over the centuries.
How Did the Renaissance Change European Art and Thought? Study how the Renaissance period influenced art, science, and philosophy, marking a shift from medieval to modern thinking.
What Was the Impact of the Discovery of the New World on Europe? Examine how the discovery of the Americas led to economic and social changes in European societies.

Criminal Justice Research Proposal Topics

Check out these interesting research proposal topic ideas in criminal justice that cover everything from community policing to the intricacies of forensic science:

How Effective Are Community Policing Strategies? Investigate how community policing initiatives like neighborhood patrols and police-community forums reduce crime and build trust.
What Are the Impacts of Drug Decriminalization on Society? Explore how policies like those in Portugal have affected crime rates, addiction levels, and overall public health.
How Does Racial Profiling Affect Trust in Law Enforcement? Examine the impact of racial profiling on community trust and what it means for police reform efforts.
What Role Does Forensic Science Play in Solving Crimes? Study the breakthroughs in forensic science, such as DNA profiling, and their role in cracking complex cases.
How Do Mandatory Sentencing Laws Impact Prison Overcrowding? Look into the link between mandatory sentencing and the rise in prison populations, and discuss alternatives.
What Are the Challenges of Rehabilitating Ex-Offenders? Investigate the hurdles ex-offenders face when returning to society and how effective current rehabilitation programs are.
How Does Media Coverage Influence Public Perception of Crime? Explore the role media plays in shaping people’s perceptions of crime, including the effects of high-profile crime reporting.
What Strategies Are Effective in Reducing Juvenile Delinquency? Study various interventions aimed at curbing juvenile delinquency, focusing on their success rates across different settings.
What Is the Impact of Cybercrime on National Security? Analyze how cybercrime poses threats to national security and what measures are effective in countering these risks.
How Are Correctional Facilities Implementing Mental Health Services? Examine how prisons are providing mental health services and the effects on inmate behavior and recidivism.

Philosophy Research Proposal Topics

These philosophy research proposal topics cover complex ethical, metaphysical, and social questions, providing a comprehensive literature review for each study:

What Really Makes Up Our Reality? Look at different philosophical theories about what’s truly real, weighing up ideas from materialism to idealism.
Free Will and Fate: Can They Coexist? Discuss how the concept of free will stands up against the idea of a predetermined universe and what this means for our personal responsibility.
Navigating the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence Dive into the challenges and potential repercussions of developing AI technologies, considering both the benefits and ethical dilemmas.
The Interplay Between Language and Thinking Check out how the language we use might actually shape the way we think, influencing everything from our simplest decisions to our biggest.
Intuition’s Place in Philosophy Analyze the importance of gut feelings in philosophical reasoning, seeing how they stack up against more structured approaches like logic and evidence.
Identity Through Time: Who Are We Really? Examine how we remain the same or change over time, looking into theories that use memory, physical continuity, or other criteria to define personal identity.
Unpacking the Foundations of Human Rights Explore the fundamental theories that form the basis of human rights, comparing ideas like natural rights against constructs like legal positivism.
Learning Virtue: Is It Possible? Investigate whether virtues are innate traits we’re born with or if they can be learned and cultivated over time.
Decoding the Basis of Moral Decisions Delve into the roots of how we make moral choices, contrasting approaches like consequentialism, deontological ethics, and virtue ethics.
How Aesthetics Shape Our Art Experience Examine how different theories of beauty and art influence our appreciation and understanding of artistic works across cultures and eras.

Medical Research Proposal Topic Ideas

Check out these medical research proposal topic ideas designed for successful research, offering insights into various health challenges and innovations:

Improving Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease Investigate new biomarkers or imaging techniques that could help doctors identify Alzheimer's earlier, enhancing treatment outcomes.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Telemedicine Study how telemedicine impacts patient care quality, especially in rural areas or during public health crises.
Developing Next-Generation Vaccines for Emerging Viruses Research the latest technologies in vaccine development, such as mRNA platforms, to combat newly emerging viral threats.
Exploring Non-Opioid Pain Management Alternatives Examine the potential of alternative pain management therapies, like TENS or acupuncture, in reducing reliance on opioid prescriptions.
Impact of Nutritional Interventions on Chronic Diseases Analyze how specific dietary changes can prevent or manage chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease.
Investigating the Role of Genetics in Cancer Treatment Look into how genetic profiling of tumors can lead to more personalized and effective cancer therapies.
Assessing Mental Health Interventions in Schools Evaluate the effectiveness of mental health programs in improving student well-being and academic performance in educational settings.
Studying the Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 Research the prolonged health impacts of COVID-19 to understand and manage the long-term care needs of survivors.
Advancing Techniques in Minimally Invasive Surgery Explore innovations in minimally invasive surgical techniques that reduce recovery time and improve patient outcomes.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance Delve into how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics and what new approaches could be effective in combating resistant strains.

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Biology Research Proposal Topics

Tackle these biology research proposal topics that address various research problems, from ecological dynamics to molecular genetics. Prepare to uncover fascinating insights into the living world:

What Genetic Factors Contribute to Longer and Healthier Lives? Which specific genes help some people live longer, and how could we use genetic engineering to extend healthy lifespans for everyone?
What's the Real Effect of Microplastics on Marine Life? How are tiny plastic particles affecting ocean ecosystems, and what steps can we take to minimize their impact?
Can CRISPR Revolutionize the Way We Treat Diseases and Grow Food? How is CRISPR technology changing the game in medicine and agriculture, and what are the potential benefits and risks?
Which Coral Reef Restoration Techniques Really Work? What methods are proving most successful at bringing coral reefs back to life, and how can we apply these solutions on a global scale?
How Are Birds Adapting to Climate Change? What changes are birds making to their migration and breeding behaviors in response to climate change, and what does this tell us about their survival?
How Does Our Gut Bacteria Affect Our Overall Health? What role does the gut microbiome play in things like immune response and disease susceptibility, and how can we manipulate it for better health?
What Works Best for Saving Endangered Species? Which conservation strategies have been most successful in preserving endangered species, and why?
How Can Bioinformatics Prevent the Next Global Pandemic? In what ways is bioinformatics crucial in identifying potential viral outbreaks and developing strategies to prevent widespread disease?
How Do Plants Handle Extreme Environmental Stress? What genetic and physiological strategies do plants use to survive extreme conditions like drought and high salinity?
How Is Urban Expansion Impacting Local Wildlife? What happens to animal populations when cities expand, and how can urban planning help mitigate negative effects on biodiversity?

Environmental Research Proposal Ideas

Check out these environmental research proposal topics that use advanced research methods to solve our planet's pressing problems, offering ways to make a real difference:

Tracking Plastic Pollution in Our Oceans: What Works Best? Explore the latest tech and methods that can help us better monitor and quantify plastic waste in marine environments.
Making Urban Green Spaces Wildlife Friendly How can we design and manage city parks to maximize their benefits for local wildlife and biodiversity?
Restoring Damaged Landscapes Effectively What are the best ways to bring degraded ecosystems back to life, and how can native species play a role in this process?
Saving Water in Agriculture Without Losing Crops Can new technologies and smart irrigation practices help farmers use less water without cutting down on crop yields?
New Gadgets for Cleaner Air: Are They Up to the Task? Look at the newest tools for monitoring air quality—are they accurate enough to help us clean up our cities?
Assessing Renewable Energy's Impact on Wildlife How can we better understand the effects of wind farms and solar panels on local animal populations?
Citizen Science: A Game Changer for Environmental Research? Could having community members help gather data boost our understanding of environmental changes?
The Long-term Trouble with Microplastics in Freshwater What happens to microplastics in lakes and rivers, and how do they affect the aquatic life there?
Using Bioengineering to Tackle Invasive Species Could genetic modifications help us control or eliminate invasive species without causing more problems?
Forecasting Climate Change Effects on Coastal Areas What new methods can help us predict how rising sea levels will affect coastal regions and find ways to lessen the impact?

Research Proposal Topics on Development Studies

Explore these research proposal topics on development studies, each designed to spark deep investigation into social, economic, and environmental advancements:

Research on How Microfinance Helps Rural Communities Escape Poverty Take a close look at microfinance programs and their real impact on rural poverty. Can these small loans create big changes for the better?
Can Schools Narrow the Socio-economic Divide? Investigate whether targeted educational programs are effective at leveling the playing field across diverse socio-economic backgrounds.
Can Tech Innovations Transform Farming in Developing Nations? Explore how introducing advanced agricultural tech might revolutionize farming in less developed areas, possibly making food production more efficient and sustainable.
Urban Expansion: Threat or Opportunity for Traditional Communities? Examine the effects of city growth on traditional communities, focusing on changes in their lifestyle, economy, and cultural preservation.
Public Health Programs in Developing Countries: Do They Deliver? Assess the effectiveness of public health initiatives in developing countries. Are these programs reaching the people who need them most and making a health difference?
Research on The Ripple Effects of Migration on Home Countries Explore how the departure of migrants impacts the economies and communities they leave behind, and what this means for long-term development.
Rebuilding After Conflict: Is International Aid the Answer? Look at the role of international aid in post-conflict reconstruction. How well does it work in rebuilding societies and restoring stability?
What Makes a City’s Development Sustainable? Review various global cities known for their sustainability to understand which strategies are most effective in balancing growth with environmental stewardship.
Global Trade and Local Markets in Africa: A Double-Edged Sword? Analyze how international trade affects local economies in Africa, highlighting both the benefits and the challenges it brings.
Water Management in Dry Places: Finding Solutions Dig into the methods and technologies used in arid regions to manage and conserve water. What works, what doesn’t, and why?

Qualitative Research Proposal Topics

These qualitative research proposal topics uncover deep insights into human behavior and social patterns. Each proposal topic is chosen to encourage thoughtful exploration and rich discussion:

Exploring Community Resilience Through Personal Stories Take a closer look at how personal experiences and individual stories reflect the broader economic and social resilience of communities facing change.
The Impact of Social Media on Personal Identity Explore how people shape and express their identities using social media, and the effects this has on their real-world relationships and self-perception.
Cultural Influence on Healthcare Choices Investigate how people's cultural backgrounds influence their healthcare decisions, focusing on the balance between traditional practices and modern medicine.
Workplace Environment and Employee Mental Health For this topic, study how different workplace environments impact mental health, identifying what factors contribute to a supportive or harmful work culture.
Education’s Role in Social Mobility Look into how education serves as a pathway for social mobility, focusing on stories from individuals across various socio-economic backgrounds.
Effects of Urbanization on Community Bonds Explore how urbanization impacts community relationships and social networks, and what this means for social cohesion in urban settings.
Changing Gender Roles in Family Dynamics Research how evolving gender roles are reshaping family structures and dynamics, affecting everything from daily responsibilities to interpersonal relationships.
Media's Influence on Public Views of Social Issues Analyze how media portrayals shape public opinions on significant issues like immigration and climate change, using specific media examples.
Engagement of Youth in Politics through Cultural Trends For this topic, discover how cultural trends influence political engagement among young people, identifying which platforms and issues resonate most with them.
Contemporary Art as a Reflection of Societal Changes Examine how contemporary artists use their work to comment on and engage with shifts in society, highlighting specific pieces that have stirred public conversation.

Quantitative Research Proposal Ideas

These quantitative research proposal topics are perfect for exploring the numbers behind important issues, from consumer spending to environmental policies:

What Factors Drive Consumer Spending in a Digital Economy? Look at what really makes people spend money online, using data from e-commerce platforms to spot the trends and patterns that matter most.
How Effective Are Public Health Campaigns in Reducing Smoking Rates? Explore how well anti-smoking campaigns are working by comparing smoking rates across different regions and demographics.
Does Access to Higher Education Improve Economic Mobility? See how access to college impacts a person’s ability to move up the economic ladder, using income data to find out if education really makes a difference.
How Do Workplace Diversity Programs Affect Employee Productivity? Dive into how diversity initiatives at work might boost productivity, by analyzing performance data from companies with different levels of diversity.
What Are the Economic Impacts of Minimum Wage Increases? For this topic, examine what happens when the minimum wage goes up, using economic data to see how it affects jobs and business growth in various regions.
How Does Social Media Influence Political Participation? Study the link between social media use and getting involved in politics, using data to explore how online activity relates to voter turnout.
Are Renewable Energy Policies Effective in Reducing Carbon Emissions? Check out whether policies pushing for renewable energy are actually cutting down on carbon emissions, using environmental data to track changes over time.
What Are the Patterns of Income Inequality in Urban vs. Rural Areas? Compare income inequality between cities and rural areas, using census data to understand what’s driving the differences.
How Does Physical Activity Influence Academic Performance in Students? Look into how staying active might help students do better in school, using data from school performance reports to see if there’s a real connection.
What Factors Predict Job Satisfaction Among Employees? For this topic, figure out what really makes people happy at work by analyzing survey data on job satisfaction, focusing on things like work-life balance, pay, and job security.

Easy Research Proposal Topics for Students

These simple research proposal topics are perfect for students who want to explore important ideas without getting overwhelmed.

How Does Social Media Impact Study Habits? Explore how platforms like Instagram or TikTok influence the way students manage their study time, using survey data from your peers.
What Factors Affect High School Graduation Rates? Look into the key reasons some students graduate on time while others don’t, analyzing data from local schools or national statistics.
Does Listening to Music Help Students Focus? Study whether listening to music while studying actually improves concentration, using feedback and test results from students who try it.
How Do School Uniforms Affect Student Behavior? Investigate whether wearing uniforms in school has any real impact on how students behave, using case studies from schools that have introduced them.
What Are the Benefits of Homework for Academic Success? For this topic, examine whether doing homework regularly leads to better grades and understanding of the material, based on student performance data.
How Does Class Size Affect Student Learning? See if smaller class sizes really make a difference in how well students learn, comparing test scores from different classroom settings.
Are Online Classes as Effective as Traditional Classroom Learning? Study the effectiveness of online learning compared to in-person classes, focusing on student performance and engagement.
How Does Sleep Affect Academic Performance? Look into how much sleep students are getting and whether it’s linked to better grades, using surveys and school performance data.
What Role Does Parental Involvement Play in Student Success? Explore how parents’ involvement in their children’s education affects their academic achievements, using interviews and data from schools.
How Does Peer Pressure Influence Student Choices? For this topic, investigate how much peer pressure affects decisions like studying, attending classes, or participating in extracurricular activities, using survey data from your classmates.

The research topic ideas we've covered highlight some of the most popular and relevant areas for students today. Whether you're looking into how social media influences political campaigns or the role of leadership styles in boosting employee productivity, these proposal ideas offer a strong starting point for your academic journey.

If you’re still feeling stuck or need a bit more guidance, DoMyEssay is here to help. Our team of experts can assist you in crafting a research proposal that truly shines. Check out our research proposal writing service for more support.

Renewable Energy ETF to Snatch Up Today. (n.d.). The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/markets/stocks/HCLN-T/pressreleases/10993027/1-renewable-energy-etf-to-snatch-up-today/
Artificial Intelligence Mega Trends. (n.d.). Markets and Markets. https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/mega_trends/artificial_intelligence

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113 Great Research Paper Topics

General Education

One of the hardest parts of writing a research paper can be just finding a good topic to write about. Fortunately we've done the hard work for you and have compiled a list of 113 interesting research paper topics. They've been organized into ten categories and cover a wide range of subjects so you can easily find the best topic for you.

In addition to the list of good research topics, we've included advice on what makes a good research paper topic and how you can use your topic to start writing a great paper.

What Makes a Good Research Paper Topic?

Not all research paper topics are created equal, and you want to make sure you choose a great topic before you start writing. Below are the three most important factors to consider to make sure you choose the best research paper topics.

#1: It's Something You're Interested In

A paper is always easier to write if you're interested in the topic, and you'll be more motivated to do in-depth research and write a paper that really covers the entire subject. Even if a certain research paper topic is getting a lot of buzz right now or other people seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic unless you genuinely have some sort of interest in it as well.

#2: There's Enough Information to Write a Paper

Even if you come up with the absolute best research paper topic and you're so excited to write about it, you won't be able to produce a good paper if there isn't enough research about the topic. This can happen for very specific or specialized topics, as well as topics that are too new to have enough research done on them at the moment. Easy research paper topics will always be topics with enough information to write a full-length paper.

Trying to write a research paper on a topic that doesn't have much research on it is incredibly hard, so before you decide on a topic, do a bit of preliminary searching and make sure you'll have all the information you need to write your paper.

#3: It Fits Your Teacher's Guidelines

Don't get so carried away looking at lists of research paper topics that you forget any requirements or restrictions your teacher may have put on research topic ideas. If you're writing a research paper on a health-related topic, deciding to write about the impact of rap on the music scene probably won't be allowed, but there may be some sort of leeway. For example, if you're really interested in current events but your teacher wants you to write a research paper on a history topic, you may be able to choose a topic that fits both categories, like exploring the relationship between the US and North Korea. No matter what, always get your research paper topic approved by your teacher first before you begin writing.

113 Good Research Paper Topics

Below are 113 good research topics to help you get you started on your paper. We've organized them into ten categories to make it easier to find the type of research paper topics you're looking for.

Arts/Culture

Discuss the main differences in art from the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance .
Analyze the impact a famous artist had on the world.
How is sexism portrayed in different types of media (music, film, video games, etc.)? Has the amount/type of sexism changed over the years?
How has the music of slaves brought over from Africa shaped modern American music?
How has rap music evolved in the past decade?
How has the portrayal of minorities in the media changed?

Current Events

What have been the impacts of China's one child policy?
How have the goals of feminists changed over the decades?
How has the Trump presidency changed international relations?
Analyze the history of the relationship between the United States and North Korea.
What factors contributed to the current decline in the rate of unemployment?
What have been the impacts of states which have increased their minimum wage?
How do US immigration laws compare to immigration laws of other countries?
How have the US's immigration laws changed in the past few years/decades?
How has the Black Lives Matter movement affected discussions and view about racism in the US?
What impact has the Affordable Care Act had on healthcare in the US?
What factors contributed to the UK deciding to leave the EU (Brexit)?
What factors contributed to China becoming an economic power?
Discuss the history of Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies (some of which tokenize the S&P 500 Index on the blockchain) .
Do students in schools that eliminate grades do better in college and their careers?
Do students from wealthier backgrounds score higher on standardized tests?
Do students who receive free meals at school get higher grades compared to when they weren't receiving a free meal?
Do students who attend charter schools score higher on standardized tests than students in public schools?
Do students learn better in same-sex classrooms?
How does giving each student access to an iPad or laptop affect their studies?
What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Montessori Method ?
Do children who attend preschool do better in school later on?
What was the impact of the No Child Left Behind act?
How does the US education system compare to education systems in other countries?
What impact does mandatory physical education classes have on students' health?
Which methods are most effective at reducing bullying in schools?
Do homeschoolers who attend college do as well as students who attended traditional schools?
Does offering tenure increase or decrease quality of teaching?
How does college debt affect future life choices of students?
Should graduate students be able to form unions?

What are different ways to lower gun-related deaths in the US?
How and why have divorce rates changed over time?
Is affirmative action still necessary in education and/or the workplace?
Should physician-assisted suicide be legal?
How has stem cell research impacted the medical field?
How can human trafficking be reduced in the United States/world?
Should people be able to donate organs in exchange for money?
Which types of juvenile punishment have proven most effective at preventing future crimes?
Has the increase in US airport security made passengers safer?
Analyze the immigration policies of certain countries and how they are similar and different from one another.
Several states have legalized recreational marijuana. What positive and negative impacts have they experienced as a result?
Do tariffs increase the number of domestic jobs?
Which prison reforms have proven most effective?
Should governments be able to censor certain information on the internet?
Which methods/programs have been most effective at reducing teen pregnancy?
What are the benefits and drawbacks of the Keto diet?
How effective are different exercise regimes for losing weight and maintaining weight loss?
How do the healthcare plans of various countries differ from each other?
What are the most effective ways to treat depression ?
What are the pros and cons of genetically modified foods?
Which methods are most effective for improving memory?
What can be done to lower healthcare costs in the US?
What factors contributed to the current opioid crisis?
Analyze the history and impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic .
Are low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets more effective for weight loss?
How much exercise should the average adult be getting each week?
Which methods are most effective to get parents to vaccinate their children?
What are the pros and cons of clean needle programs?
How does stress affect the body?
Discuss the history of the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians.
What were the causes and effects of the Salem Witch Trials?
Who was responsible for the Iran-Contra situation?
How has New Orleans and the government's response to natural disasters changed since Hurricane Katrina?
What events led to the fall of the Roman Empire?
What were the impacts of British rule in India ?
Was the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki necessary?
What were the successes and failures of the women's suffrage movement in the United States?
What were the causes of the Civil War?
How did Abraham Lincoln's assassination impact the country and reconstruction after the Civil War?
Which factors contributed to the colonies winning the American Revolution?
What caused Hitler's rise to power?
Discuss how a specific invention impacted history.
What led to Cleopatra's fall as ruler of Egypt?
How has Japan changed and evolved over the centuries?
What were the causes of the Rwandan genocide ?

Why did Martin Luther decide to split with the Catholic Church?
Analyze the history and impact of a well-known cult (Jonestown, Manson family, etc.)
How did the sexual abuse scandal impact how people view the Catholic Church?
How has the Catholic church's power changed over the past decades/centuries?
What are the causes behind the rise in atheism/ agnosticism in the United States?
What were the influences in Siddhartha's life resulted in him becoming the Buddha?
How has media portrayal of Islam/Muslims changed since September 11th?

Science/Environment

How has the earth's climate changed in the past few decades?
How has the use and elimination of DDT affected bird populations in the US?
Analyze how the number and severity of natural disasters have increased in the past few decades.
Analyze deforestation rates in a certain area or globally over a period of time.
How have past oil spills changed regulations and cleanup methods?
How has the Flint water crisis changed water regulation safety?
What are the pros and cons of fracking?
What impact has the Paris Climate Agreement had so far?
What have NASA's biggest successes and failures been?
How can we improve access to clean water around the world?
Does ecotourism actually have a positive impact on the environment?
Should the US rely on nuclear energy more?
What can be done to save amphibian species currently at risk of extinction?
What impact has climate change had on coral reefs?
How are black holes created?
Are teens who spend more time on social media more likely to suffer anxiety and/or depression?
How will the loss of net neutrality affect internet users?
Analyze the history and progress of self-driving vehicles.
How has the use of drones changed surveillance and warfare methods?
Has social media made people more or less connected?
What progress has currently been made with artificial intelligence ?
Do smartphones increase or decrease workplace productivity?
What are the most effective ways to use technology in the classroom?
How is Google search affecting our intelligence?
When is the best age for a child to begin owning a smartphone?
Has frequent texting reduced teen literacy rates?

How to Write a Great Research Paper

Even great research paper topics won't give you a great research paper if you don't hone your topic before and during the writing process. Follow these three tips to turn good research paper topics into great papers.

#1: Figure Out Your Thesis Early

Before you start writing a single word of your paper, you first need to know what your thesis will be. Your thesis is a statement that explains what you intend to prove/show in your paper. Every sentence in your research paper will relate back to your thesis, so you don't want to start writing without it!

As some examples, if you're writing a research paper on if students learn better in same-sex classrooms, your thesis might be "Research has shown that elementary-age students in same-sex classrooms score higher on standardized tests and report feeling more comfortable in the classroom."

If you're writing a paper on the causes of the Civil War, your thesis might be "While the dispute between the North and South over slavery is the most well-known cause of the Civil War, other key causes include differences in the economies of the North and South, states' rights, and territorial expansion."

#2: Back Every Statement Up With Research

Remember, this is a research paper you're writing, so you'll need to use lots of research to make your points. Every statement you give must be backed up with research, properly cited the way your teacher requested. You're allowed to include opinions of your own, but they must also be supported by the research you give.

#3: Do Your Research Before You Begin Writing

You don't want to start writing your research paper and then learn that there isn't enough research to back up the points you're making, or, even worse, that the research contradicts the points you're trying to make!

Get most of your research on your good research topics done before you begin writing. Then use the research you've collected to create a rough outline of what your paper will cover and the key points you're going to make. This will help keep your paper clear and organized, and it'll ensure you have enough research to produce a strong paper.

What's Next?

Are you also learning about dynamic equilibrium in your science class? We break this sometimes tricky concept down so it's easy to understand in our complete guide to dynamic equilibrium .

Thinking about becoming a nurse practitioner? Nurse practitioners have one of the fastest growing careers in the country, and we have all the information you need to know about what to expect from nurse practitioner school .

Want to know the fastest and easiest ways to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius? We've got you covered! Check out our guide to the best ways to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (or vice versa).

These recommendations are based solely on our knowledge and experience. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission.

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Research Proposal Topics: 503 Ideas, Sample, & Guide [2024]

Do you have to write a research proposal and can’t choose one from the professor’s list? This article may be exactly what you need.

We will provide you with the most up-to-date undergraduate and postgraduate topic ideas. Moreover, we will share the secrets of the winning research proposal writing.

Here, you will find possible ideas for research proposal topics from the best custom writing service that may be used to create your own proposal project as well as a direction for further investigation! So let’s start!

🔬 Research Proposal Definition
IT Research
📝 Writing Guide
📄 Proposal Sample

🔬 Research Proposal: Definition

First of all, let’s make clear what a research proposal is. A research proposal is a type of paper you write to show others that you have a project to investigate. A research proposal demonstrates the following:

✔️	Why the you chose is worth attention.
✔️	What you will take to explore the topic.
✔️	What and you will use in your research.

The purpose of proposal writing is to persuade others that your topic needs to be investigated. Your task is to write a well-structured text that covers all the necessary points. Make sure that everyone can understand what you wish to investigate, why it’s important, and how you are going to do it.

💡 Research Proposal Topics

Now that you know what a research proposal is, it’s time to begin the work.

What is the first thing to be done, then?

That’s right—you need to choose a topic!

The list of research proposal topics below will help you start the process. Some of the research topics are simple, while others are quite complicated. The more difficult problems also contain a short description, so that you can understand immediately whether that topic would be interesting for you.

Political Science Research Proposal Topics

Researching political science gives you plenty of room for exploration. Do you want to investigate local or global politics? Are you interested in historical or contemporary issues? The number of options is overwhelming. Have a look at this list to make choosing easier:

Fascism and Nazism: the contemporary usage of the terms and their meaning in the history of politics. Nowadays, the terms “Fascism” and “Nazism” are often used interchangeably. The terms are originally meant to refer to Italian and German political regimes. However, the doctrines themselves have important differences.
Contemporary religious extremism and its political and economic basis. The modern Western society is ambiguous. On the one hand, religious tolerance endorsed; on the other, religious extremism is often used to add some fuel to the fire of intolerance. Understanding the economic and political basis of religious extremism might prove helpful in breaking the illusions of both sides.
Bernie Sanders and Jeremy Corbyn: socialists in the contemporary U.K. and U.S. politics. The U.S. Democratic Party devised its failure during the 2016 Presidential Elections by selecting Hillary Clinton. She wasn’t very popular with the public, unlike well-loved, but so-scarily-leftist Bernie Sanders. At the same time, Jeremy Corbyn and his supporters were partially successful in addressing the stagnation in the British Labor Party. Comparing the two leftist leaders and their political agenda might serve as an interesting research project topic.
Anarchism as a political orientation and a worldview. Anarchism is commonly mistaken for chaos. In fact, it simply means the absence of formal authority and prevalence of grassroots cooperation. Numerous movements exist within anarchism, such as anarcho-syndicalism, anarcho-pacifism, etc. Their proponents have a worldview that radically differs from the “center,” albeit often it’s by no means an extremist one. Classifying and elucidating different anarchist theories and worldviews can prove a worthy research topic.
A fragile democracy: the contemporary political crisis in Myanmar. Myanmar has for a long time suffered under the dictatorship of a military junta. The junta only dissolved in 2011, and the National League for Democracy officially rules. Yet, the militaries remain strong and often uncontrollable. The resulting crisis is tragic, and writing about it could be a good topic for a research proposal.
The Arab Spring and its impact on the contemporary Middle East. The Arab Spring was a wave of demonstrations, protests, and revolutions in the countries of the Middle East. There was a hope that they would result in more democratic political regimes across the region. However, the results were far from optimistic. The massive impact of this phenomenon makes the Arab Spring an excellent topic example for a research proposal.
Sarah Palin and her role in the RNC.
Shakespeare and his influence on politics.
The military policy of Georgia toward South Ossetia.
Racialization of Arab Americans in the post-9/11 era.
What countries are most opposed to globalization?
The Supreme Court’s close decisions regarding minorities.
The social credit system: myths and realities.
Why are many people disappointed with the two-party system?
Discuss Mexico’s reaction to the US anti-immigration policies.
How does religion influence secular countries’ politics?

Research Proposal Topics in Information Technology

In recent years, the demand for IT skills has skyrocketed. This trend is likely to continue for the next few decades. Humanity’s dependency on computers keeps growing. Because of this, solid knowledge in IT makes you an invaluable employee for any company. So, get started by writing about one of our engaging prompts:

Traditional envisioning centers on linear tracks. It connects lines to show differences or similarities. Explore how comparative genomics can analyze numerous genomes in 3D surfaces.
Real-time feedback in education . Student’s feedback is essential for both teachers and learners. Examine the ways and existing technologies that allow a teacher to get feedback on how students understand the lessons. Suggest concepts aimed at improving the professor-student communication.
WLAN Networks: H.264 video transmission. You can assess how to improve cross-layer architecture for video transmission in WLAN Network. Examine ways to enhance video quality performance.
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN): performance. This topic can help you generate a whole list of ideas for further IT studies: frameworks, analysis of existing solutions, etc. You can investigate transport, physical layers, or application of the communication protocol stack.
WLAN Network: improvement of FEC algorithms. Explore the possible way to improve FEC schemes in cases of wireless channel loss.
Software sizing and pricing: correlation . As you may know, software’s size significantly impacts its estimated price. In your proposal, suggest methods to evaluate and lower software size.
Component-based software engineering (CBSE) process: ways to improve. You can choose this topic among other interesting IT project proposal ideas. Investigate how CBSE can shorten the time for production, increase software quality, and reduce its costs.
User’s behavior in social networks . Social networks are under the risk of improper users’ behavior. Provide points to detect such behavior and how to prevent it.
Education technologies in higher education. Research methods and tools that will enhance constructive alignment in higher education teaching.
How can the government potentially abuse facial recognition?
Discuss unmanned vehicles from drivers’ perception.
5G: usage barriers and future developments.
Review possible solutions to current AI-related issues .
Discuss the role of IT in promoting false information.
What do massive data breaches mean for regular users?
How do social media algorithms impact user experience?
Review e-governments and other attempts to digitalize the state.
What can happen if we integrate organic processes into robots ?
AI in the military : violence mitigation effects.

Computer Science Project Proposal Topics

Technology surrounds us everywhere. The internet, for one, has drastically changed the way we communicate. These developments affect all aspects of our lives. One big area that has significantly benefited from ICT is education.

Machine learning use in prediction of students’ success. Analyze how machine learning can be useful in predicting students’ grades and the rates of course completion. You can use this example to get more ideas on measurement teacher’s effectiveness.
Students’ profile and study courses. Wrong course choice can lead to poor grades and turn studying into a waste of time. Provide suggestions on how analytics can help in students’ course choices.
Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) in education. Examine how the use of AR and VR impacts students’ comprehension of the course contents. What effect do AR and VR have on students’ performance?
Learning preferences and customized study process. You can analyze how various students’ learning preferences, e.g., Visual, Kinesthetic , etc. can benefit from optimized learning.
IoT and teachers’ effectiveness. Provide suggestions on how educators can adjust their teaching styles using IoT devices and sensors.
VR and AR roles in the assessment process. Virtual and Augmented Reality can be useful in students’ performance assessment. Suggest ways of how the professor can use VR and AR.
Gamification in education. Gamification elements can be found almost everywhere: social media, professional software, and education. Analyze how gamification can be applied to various subjects. Assess the possible student outcomes.
Social media and group projects. Social networks, such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, are an integral part of our daily life. Assess how social media can be useful in learning, and, especially, for group projects.
Mobile apps: usage growth. Here’s another great sample of quantitative titles. Analyze the factors that impact the usage rate of mobile applications.
Will the Internet be available everywhere in the future?
Describe preview techniques to compensate for low bandwidth.
What are the weak points of financial cybersecurity ?
Discuss the risks related to the use of smart appliances.
Write about issues with online surveys.
Review the trends in medical software development.
What health issues are associated with the use of VR devices?
Cyberwarfare: restored and new underpinning technologies.
Assess the use of e-learning in initial employee integration.
Desktop and mobile app versions: how to ensure better functionality.

Business Research Proposal Topics

There’s much more to business than just talking finances. Your topic can be theoretical as well as empirical. Writing about business can cover areas such as strategic planning, leadership, or sustainability.

The impact of employee motivation on their performance . Is it true that highly motivated staff work better? And if yes, how much better does it work? The importance of this question warrants its further investigation and may prove a worthwhile topic for your dissertation research proposal.
Disaster preparedness plans for the business. In many regions of the world, disasters such as hurricanes or earthquakes occur frequently. The costs and losses of business due to such disasters may be tremendous. Consequently, the ways to make one’s company safe is an excellent research topic in business.
Ways to transition to a new organizational culture. Studying the ways to make such a transition smooth and seamless could be a great research paper idea.
The most effective leadership styles for various types of businesses. The leadership has a great impact on business performance, but it’s possible that for all types of companies there’s a certain management style that would be most effective. This theme could be a useful and interesting research topic for your proposal.
Environmental friendliness of a business: additional costs or a way to make more profit? Many business leaders assume that decreasing the amount of waste their company produces will only result in losses. However, this is not true: eco-friendliness improves business reputation and attracts more clients. Investigating the effect of environmental friendliness on business performance could be an interesting research idea.
The impact of various types of stakeholders on the success of a business. Exploring its exact impact on a company may be an excellent idea for your quantitative research proposal.
Business management and innovation. Social engineering technologies caused significant changes in marketing, customer-organization relations, communications, etc. Assess how these technologies can be used in business.
Effective energy management and its role in sustainable development. If you’re looking for business proposal topics, analyze this title. Provide suggestions on how enterprises can increase their energy effectiveness.
Social entrepreneurship in developing countries. How can a business increase its social value without prejudice to its profits? You can use this topic for your master’s or business administration dissertation.
Ethics and corporate social responsibility. Ethical issues remain a popular topic for research studies. Point out how corporate responsibility can increase the loyalty of employees.
Accounting and accountability. If you’re looking for business quantitative topic examples, explore the connection between accounting and accountability.
Business management and its effect on profits . The goal of any company is to make profits. Assess how business management influences company’s losses and profits.
Sustainable development : the relationship with business in the 21 st century. How does sustainable development affect business? What does it mean to be a sustainable leader? Give examples of organizations that became successful in the 21st century. What are the factors that have influenced their success?
Strategy of communication: old vs. new. Choose a company featuring a new communication strategy. Why did the management of the company decide to use it? Describe the existing practices of communication strategies. What is their effect on the company’s reputation? How do they affect performance and financial outcomes? What difference can a chosen way of communication make to stakeholders?
China and the US: cultural and organizational behavior. Why is the Chinese market so attractive for US companies? Give examples of US companies who depend on the Chinese market. What barriers for building a business on the Chinese market are there? What are the best strategies to sell products or services in China? Recommend the best-suited regimen for the introduction of a product. Give information about organizational behavior in China. What makes it unique?
New technologies in hospitals. What are the main difficulties associated with new technologies in a medical center? Why is there a need to keep up with the changing technologies? What healthcare issues create the biggest administration barriers? Does it affect the cost? Provide a real-life example.
Small businesses vs. big enterprises. What is the current stand of small businesses in your area? How does their performance compare to that of big established brands? Is there a place for small businesses in the next decades, or are they dying out? If that happens, in what way will it affect the economy? What can one do to prevent monopolization of the market?
Advertising strategies: how to advertise different types of businesses. What types of ads are known to give the best results market-wise? What advertising strategies work best for big corporations? What about small businesses? Give real-life examples. Does the cost of advertising correlate with marketing success?
Inexperienced workers: how can they find a job? Is there a market for people fresh out of colleges and inexperienced workers? What social groups fall under the category? Is the demand for such people reflected in the paychecks? What can be done to maximize their appeal as employees? Will it benefit or harm the economy?
Employee reward system: how to boost the workers’ performance? Describe the programs that companies set up to reward employees. Does it affect employees’ motivation? Illustrate your analysis with statistics. What types of rewards are there? Which of them work better? Should a company decide whom to reward?
How to implement corporate ethical policy. What is ethical in the corporate world of the 21st century? Does the public image of a company reflect on its sales? Give examples of successful marketing campaigns centered on ethical issues. Can a company’s message affect employees’ productivity?
Advertising strategies and the importance of advertising for business.
Strategies for running a business.
Importance of business planning.
How does virtual reality attract customers?
What influences employees’ adaptation to new practices?
How does competition function in disadvantageous times?
Small and medium-sized enterprises: how to survive.
Discuss ways of marketing the same product to different generations.
Digitalization and supply chain recovery in crises.
Out-of-touch leaders: are they useful for business initiatives?

Management Research Proposal Topics

Management is a vital part of every company. That’s why good governance is the key to success. Researching this subject will prove helpful for your future career.

Ruskin Bond’s team conflict dynamic model: how to achieve project success. Analyze various conflict types using Ruskin Bond’s team model. What resolutions can improve a project? What can result in the project’s success?
How to improve product development using dynamic capability? Do relationships between employees affect their performance? How can they achieve knowledge integration and strategic flexibility? Use a theoretical framework in your study. Analyze the data using structural equation modeling.
Allocation of human resources. What are the issues associated with human resource allocation? Investigate the mechanisms of top-down resource allocation. Use empirical research techniques in your research.
Project benefit management: how to set effective target benefits? What is the scale of practical target benefits? Validate your research by presenting case studies. Use goal-setting theory in your study. Analyze the dimensions of comprehensiveness, attainability, and specificity.
Person-centered vs. team-centered leadership. Describe how to balance a project manager’s style of interaction. Use Archer realist social theory in your research. Conduct the study using mixed methods of data analysis.
Project managers. What is their role in internal and external relationship management? Use mixed methods in your research. Categorize the role groups. Illustrate the transition from traditional to new project management.
The project’s added value and trust-conflict in an inter-team relationship. Do trust-conflict interactions impact project added value? Investigate relational and calculative trust dimensions. Study the influence of trust-conflict interactions on project added values. Explore task, project, and relationship conflicts.
How to encourage the building industry to evolve into a lower carbon construction equivalent. Analyze the effects of building development project processes. How much energy does building consume, and how much are there carbon emissions? Does it affect indoor environmental quality? What are the associated needs of operations management?
Project management practices in private organizations. Which project management practices are used in private organizations? What are the sectors of their activity? Examine the influence of managers’ personal characteristics. How do they choose their project management practices? Use a mixed-methods research methodology.
Process groups vs. the project life cycle . How are both methods implemented in a project? Collect the data using questionnaires sampled from project managers in your area. Analyze the data using inferential statistics.
What are the advantages of Facebook in the e-commerce field ?
What are the skills related to management strategies?
Why is genuineness a major factor of success?
What is a red ocean strategy in social media marketing?
The benefits of exponential thinking in management.
Virtual human resources: is it a complication?
Explore constructive deviance’s role in improving businesses.
Ambiguous IT innovations in human resource management.
Big data competencies for maintaining managerial competitiveness.
Discuss talent cultivation and protection in competitive fields.

MBA Research Proposal Topic Ideas

Time is money. How can you use it more effectively? That’s one of the central questions you can suggest investigating in an MBA research proposal. For more inspiration, check out these ideas:

Cost of packaging: does it affect manufacturer’s profitability? What are the most and the least popular types of packaging materials? How does the cost of packaging depend on its type? What are the problems associated with the most popular types of packaging? Give recommendations to improve the packaging strategies.
Financial incentives as a tool for boosting workers’ motivation. What types of financial incentives do workers receive in different kinds of organizations? Do organizations recognize the correlation between productivity and financial incentives? Study how to enhance workers’ productivity and motivation.
Effective employee selection and recruitment. Does it work as a tool for achieving top productivity in a company? What should one consider in the process of employee selection? How can the knowledge of the labor turnover rate help choose a suitable candidate? How do you identify the candidates most suitable for career promotion?
The durability of small scale business start-ups. How can one make sure that they’ve chosen the best project? How does one determine investment appraisal of small business in your area? Does this process benefit both the economy in general and the investors in particular? Can inaccurate methods of project assessment be identified early? What are the ways to avoid low returns?
Time management in a company. Study how time is usually managed in companies. What types of work-time organization are there? Why would a company choose unconventional time management techniques? Does it reflect on the productivity of employees? Does it affect the company’s success in general?
Ailing industries: will privatization help them? Identify the prospects and problems of ailing industries’ privatization. Conduct a case study. What are the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the service? Will the privatization help the business?
Work environment and employees’ productivity. Study how to identify inadequacies of the workplace environment . What physical and psychological discomfort is involved? What solutions can be provided? Examine the environmental factors in a given company. Employ both the investigative and the descriptive approach in your research. Collect data using the interview and survey methods.
Strategic human resource management . What are the ways to determine its effectiveness? Are strategic human resource practice and a company’s performance connected? Obtain the information for the study through questionnaire responses. Analyze your findings. Find out whether there is a relationship between strategic resource management and organization performance.
Corporate governance. Study its impact on the management of an organization. Who designs and implements the processes and rules practiced in a company? What is the primary force that influences corporate governance? Use research questions, surveys, and questionnaires in your study. Analyze the collected data through mean scores and frequencies. What are the systemic problems militating against corporate governance?
Microfinance organizations and their impact on small-scale organizations. How do microfinance organizations encourage banking habits among poorer populations? How can the economic status of the small scale manufacturers be improved by giving them more capital? How can microfinance credit influence a company’s performance? What are the possible drawbacks of this business relationship?
Review how leadership relates to job satisfaction .
What is the key to success behind family enterprises ?
HR training’s direct impact on retaining employees.
Managing stakeholder attitude: potential performance implications.
What factors are responsible for an organization’s sustainability?
How can AI help strategic business management?
Discuss business start-ups in the digital age.
What happens when law and decision-making collide?
Employee commitment during uncertain times.
Leadership reinvention: effects for a chosen model.

Business Project Proposal Ideas

Have you been planning to start your own company? Or maybe you’d like to develop a product that makes life easier? A business project research proposal allows you to put your dream on paper. If you don’t have a concrete idea just yet, here is some inspiration:

A mobile application to recruit potential staff. The app will involve problem-solving puzzles. It will monitor the time spent on solving them without using outside resources. The top 10 players can be later contacted.
A website specializing in collecting customized orders. The website will gather information on what people want to be made. It will send requests to affiliated creators. They, in turn, choose what they can complete based on their specialty.
An e-book café and hardware/software funding. It will focus on convenient models with vast libraries. They will also provide customers with food and music.
A traditionally animated film in the style of old classics. Most of today’s animated films rely on CGI. Due to the nostalgia factor, a hand-drawn feature could be successful.
A representative-operated national food restaurant. The idea is to hire representatives of the culture the restaurant is based on. It may increase engagement with different demographics.
A social media website that takes user’s suggestions into account. Competing with more established players in the field is challenging. However, you may take advantage of their known weaknesses. Your website would mind user feedback and thus avoid introducing unpopular changes.
Safe-space avenue for online and offline presentations. Minority groups may find it challenging to access busier platforms. Offering them a spot that will guarantee their safety may benefit both parties.
A reverse experience school for disabled people. The experiment will follow the principles of inclusivity . People without disabilities would comprise a minority. It would allow disabled people to feel less constrained.
A digital platform for aspiring influencers. The service will offer advice and suggest the steps for building an audience.
An analog fast food product for vegans. Today’s restaurants offer replacements for meat-based dishes. Still, it’s not always the case. That’s why a product designed with the help of clients’ feedback may become popular.
A tattoo studio for writing-based designs.
A streaming service for cult classics.
A smart hotel for pets.
A vintage CD-ROM music production kit.
A real-life matchmaking service for single parents.
A lactose-free nutritional drink for selling in gyms.
A hotline with qualified mental health specialists.
A TV show focused on Native American representation.
A third-party mediator in a customer-realtor transaction.
An organization providing research opportunities for students.

Research Proposal Topics on Education

Education plays a crucial role in our lives. It’s an area where constant research and improvement are incredibly important. Check out these ideas:

The importance of early interventions in special education for children with disabilities. Investigating the “why” of it might be an interesting research topic for high school students.
The use of innovative technologies in education . The ubiquity of computers and smartphones means that they also used in studies. Finding out new ways in which innovations might assist teachers could be an interesting research paper idea.
The effectiveness of online universities in providing education. It could be an exciting research topic idea to compare online institutions to traditional.
University education in a narrow specialization: a way to increase professionalism, or to spread ignorance? There exists a trend of providing education in a narrow area or specialty in the contemporary higher education setting. However, traditional universities have also been known to teach their students a wide range of courses. The benefits of an education in a narrow field and the costs of losing the tradition of an all-encompassing education are a worthwhile topic for a Phd. research proposal.
Innovative approaches to teaching. The need for the instructor to interact with students is becoming more and more apparent in the contemporary educational setting. Studying the benefits and drawbacks of this approach might be an excellent idea for a research proposal topic list for education majors.
The impacts of inclusive education on children without special needs. Inclusive learning is believed to have a positive influence on children with special needs and has become a trend nowadays. However, it’s unclear how such education affects children without special needs, which warrants further investigation of this research topic.

Harassment and bullying have been factors in 75% of shooting incidents.

Classroom management techniques for high school. High school teachers often have to deal with disruptive behaviors of their students. Finding out what classroom management techniques work best for this may prove a useful and engaging research topic idea.
Problematic children: approaches to managing a child’s temperament . All children have their own personality. It can be difficult for parents to understand how to manage it. Many management approaches are depending on how a child behaves.
How parents’ overprotectiveness may cause a child to become anxious? Some children are insecure and worrisome in unfamiliar situations. In this situation, parents should avoid being overprotective. Encouraging a child to explore is the best strategy.
Impulsive children: parenting strategies . Parents often struggle with kids whose behavior is hard to predict. There are ways to make it easier. Parents should remain gentle with children. But, at the same time, they should promote their child’s self-discipline.
What role does art play in child development? It’s one of the most relevant and exciting topics for research proposals in education. Everyone supports art classes in early childhood development. However, in many countries, art disappears from the list of subjects in middle and high school. Is it the correct approach? How does art affect children’s development?
Child development : aesthetic education as a core learning approach. Another great title of research proposal in education, also worth choosing it as a thesis topic. You can look into the benefits of aesthetic education. It helps children to become creative and see things from new points of view.
Testing system: should it be reformed? Everyone agrees that there are too many flaws in the current testing system. Not only can it be unfair; it also puts pressure on children and college students. Look into why and how the testing system is flawed and if there is a need to fix it.
Does the testing system impact on children’s self-confidence? Tests and exams cause children to develop anxiety and depression. Moreover, this problem may aggravate. It can lead children to develop low self-confidence and hurt their social skills.
The purpose of early intervention. Some children need special or extra care and support throughout their development. But how to understand who needs it, and how will they benefit from it? Why would this approach be the best for them?
Education and innovative technologies. E-books and tablets are replacing textbooks. Chalkboards are out of use since smart boards are the new solution. Both children and teachers are adapting to the latest technologies. You might research the most recent trends in this topic.
Educational apps for children: advantages and disadvantages. Even toddlers can use smartphones and tablets now. Parents might as well use technologies for educational purposes. However, it may be tricky. Some apps combine the story with learning outcome goals and promote creativity. Others might have too much action and sound. This only distracts children from learning.
What is the optimal “ screen time” for children ? When parents want some time to rest from kids, they just turn the TV on. Is it harmful or beneficial for children? Try to find out how much time they should spend with it.
General education courses in college: are they necessary? Such courses include algebra, biology, and chemistry. But what if a student wants to focus on studying languages? It’s one of the best questions about higher education.
Innovative approaches to contacting problematic children.
Aesthetic education as a basis for child development .
Advantages and disadvantages of a testing system.
What’s your opinion on teachers instructing AI replacements?
Real-time online classes or asynchronous learning models: what’s better?
Assess learning loss in the top universities in 2024.
Ineffective civics classes: where did the system fail?
What are the health implications of remote teaching?
Learning to engineer: aims and instruments.
Assess the importance of peer feedback in education.

Special Education Research Proposal Topics

There are many questions regarding the best approach in educating kids with special needs. Should they always study with their peers? Or do they need special classes to tackle their individual requirements? Your research proposal can focus on various aspects. The parents’ roles or the use of technology are compelling examples.

Does inclusive education promote empathy in children without special needs? It’s one of the best learning strategies for kids with learning disabilities. No one asks what children without special needs think about it. Still, little kids are open-hearted. Most of them are happy to help their peers with difficulties.
Does dyslexia affect a child’s social skills? In the company of loving parents, a child with dyslexia will be OK. As children start socializing, they start noticing the problems with reading. It may lead to shaming and excluding them from social groups.
Classroom management for inclusive high schools. Disruptive behavior is a common thing in high schools. However, everything is different when the school is inclusive. Teachers face various challenges every day. New practical ideas in this field may be beneficial.
Does early intervention impact children with learning disabilities ? Early intervention includes therapies for those who have issues with learning. Your research might consist of comparing and contrasting those methods. Find out which are the best. You may even try to develop a new approach!
Should we educate children about their peers who have special needs? There are training programs for teachers working with kids with learning disabilities. But what about their peers? Would children with special needs feel more support if their classmates were more understanding?
Innovative approaches to teaching in special education . More individual interaction between a teacher and each student. In inclusive classes, it’s especially relevant. You would need to look for innovative approaches. Most research proposal questions in education are not as urgent as this one!
Does stress influence children with learning disabilities more than others during testing? In this research, focus on the more vulnerable group of students. Special education should address this question with caution.
How to identify and prevent reading problems in the early stage. In school, all the learning issues of a child come out. It’s vital to identify the problem immediately to prevent trauma. Look into the root causes of this problem and its possible solutions.
Technology integration for children with special needs. This topic is connected with many questions. You would need to address all of them in your research. A sample would look like this: “What are the benefits of technology in special education?”
How strict should educators be with children with learning disabilities? Of course, it depends on each individual. Still, there should be some limits. All special education teachers should know how to balance being strict and permissive. Your research can serve as a guide for aspiring teachers!
The role of parents in special education. Healthy development of a child with special needs doesn’t end with teachers. Parents also play an important role in their kids’ education. How exactly can they help their child with learning disabilities?
The role of computers in accessible school environment.
Learning disparity mitigation and special education certificates .
Discuss the pros and cons of compromises in inclusive classrooms .
What are the main challenges for FAPE’s universal application?
Do we need new regulations in special education ?
Review current school models for disabled students.
Shortage of qualified educators: what can we do?
Special education during a pandemic: lessons learned.
What do co-occurring needs imply for teachers and students?

Research Proposal Topics in Early Childhood Education

Young children are extremely impressionable. Because of this, early childhood education has a huge impact on kids’ development. Many factors need careful consideration. Among them are learning techniques and the need of incorporating the child’s social background.

Executive functions and early childhood education: working memory. It’s easily one of the most interesting research proposal topics in early childhood education. How do children connect their ideas? How does their mind work? And how can we use this in education?
Early childhood : brain development through playing. The brain develops most actively during the first two years of our lives. At that age, the brain is especially vulnerable because it reacts to all environmental changes. It’s essential to support children’s development through play and stress reduction.
Early childhood development: child care facilities vs. home. Increasingly more mothers prefer to get back to work right after the birth of their children. Daycare services are developing to meet all the child’s needs. However, can it replace the quality time children spend with their parents?
Quality child care facility: an overview. What should high-quality child care be like? Parents often face the challenge of picking the right place for their child while they don’t know what to look for. You can provide research comparing and contrasting the best child care facilities in your area.
Culture and early childhood education: immigrant families. Culture shapes the behavior and beliefs of small children. Immigrant families especially should always consider it. Education programs need to be adjusted to the cultural differences.
How to divorce and not harm a child’s development. We all understand that there can be different life situations, and sometimes it’s better for people to be separated. However, it gets complicated when they are also parents. A child’s mental and emotional health is at risk during the divorce. What are the ways to protect children from this stress?
Paternity and early childhood education . Fathers play an essential role in their children’s social skills. They affect children’s future relationships and emotional health. During your research on this topic, don’t forget to consider the sociocultural context.
Early childhood development : gender socialization. It’s a controversial topic. Nowadays, more and more parents want to raise their children in a gender-neutral environment. How can they achieve a balance?
Early childhood education and play-based learning. Play-based learning has been approved as one of the best approaches in early childhood development. It allows guidance from a parent while promoting a child’s independence. Play enables children to learn math, reading, and other skills engagingly.
School readiness and early childhood education. Going to school can be stressful for both kids and parents. To minimize stress, parents can take an active part in preparing their children for this experience. This research would be aimed to identify the skills children need to gain to be ready for school.
What are the benefits of learning the second language for children? In our globalized world, parents aim to give more opportunities to their children by teaching them foreign languages . It has been researched that learning a second language can be beneficial for children’s cognitive behavior.
Aboriginal children education: obstacles to language development.
Does the readiness rate contribute to injustice?
Outline the new forms of play in schools.
Discuss the use of relaxing games in class.
How do teachers facilitate peer communication?
Explore the implications of racial diversity in educators.
Remote learning for young children: how much is enough?
Assess teacher-child interactions during breaks.
What activities contribute to improving reading skills ?

Sociology Research Proposal Topics

Humans are erratic creatures. Yet, we all manage to live together. Are you interested in studying the mechanics of society? Then you should consider a research proposal in sociology .

The impact of citizen’s wealth elections. Determine how economic conditions and people’s income influence voting patterns.
Correlation between personality, income, and career choice . You can explore how personal skills and family income motivate youth to choose their future career path.
Population background and racial discrimination. Explore mechanisms to prevent racial discrimination in societies with a diverse background of people. You can also analyze the impact of Brexit and Trump’s slogan “Make America great again” on the rise of race discrimination.
State pension age and its effect on the labor market. Identify how the increase of the state pension age (SPA) influences a person’s and country’s labor supply. What is the contribution of the increase of SPA to the state’s economy?
Investing behavior: neuroeconomic approach. In the Ph.D. proposal, examine how cognitive factors influence success in the financial market. Offer your ideas on how to improve the decision-making process in investments.
Poverty among ethnic minorities. Since the financial crisis in 2008, in-work poverty became a significant issue, especially among ethnic minorities . Analyze this issue and research how it impacts occupational mobility.
Fiscal policy and its correlation to asset pricing. Generate risk aversion ideas and asset pricing concepts. Provide recommendations for optimal fiscal policy and its improvements.
Racial identity and conflicts: interrelations. Conflicts are unavoidable in our daily life. In your Ph.D. research proposal, you can analyze how a person’s conflict behavior depends on their racial identity.
Social responsibility: developing countries. Research what safety and health actions should take companies in the construction industry of developing countries.
Describe the national specifics of poverty feminization.
Is there a link between parental practices and children’s social attitudes?
How did the meaning of happiness evolve through generations?
Segregation in modern cities.
Discuss the early stages of language acquisition.
Is the American dream attainable for minority groups?
Social expectations and dating preferences: how to match pairs.
Does family structure impact one’s occupation?
Social networks and deviant tendencies: what’s the correlation?
What factors are driving people to military enlistment?

Research Proposal Topics in English and World Literature

If you’re passionate about reading , this section is for you. From Dostoyevsky to Austen, this list contains only the most engaging prompts in literature.

The character of Sonya Marmeladova in Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment . Sonya Marmeladova is one of the most appealing and sympathetic characters in world literature. A teenage girl, she is the embodiment of kindness and allegiance, which is not changed by the fact that she has to work as a prostitute to support her family. Analyzing her character can be an excellent research project topic.
Tragic love in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet . The tragic story of Romeo and Juliet’s love is perhaps one of the most well-known stories in the world. It may prove a good writing topic for any course in English literature.
The real-life plausibility of the role of Dorian’s portrait in Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray . The picture of Dorian played the role of a “moral mirror” for the protagonist of the story. But would a real-world person such as Dorian pay so much attention to such a portrait, if they had it? This is a good research question that can be investigated further.
The character of Eliza Doolittle in G. B. Shaw’s Pygmalion . In Shaw’s play, a simple flower girl turned into a refined woman after Professor Henry Higgins taught her. Her unique transformation may be studied further if you choose this sample idea as your research proposal topic.
Melville’s Moby-Dick : a story of a captain’s folly. One of the greatest novels in the history of American literature is devoted to Captain Ahab, planning his revenge on a white whale named Moby Dick. Would such anthropomorphization of a whale make sense in real-life, though? Selecting this as a research paper topic may help you find more about this question.
Jane Eyre : the story of Cinderella by C. Brontë. Does the complicated and multifaceted nature of Jane Eyre make it a Cinderella story? Further study of C. Brontë’s masterpiece may be one of the best proposal ideas for your research.
Analysis of Poe’s writing style in The Raven .
Lost hope in Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms .
Racial discrimination in Uncle Tom’s Cabin .
Explore white normativity in Toni Morrison’s Tar Baby .
What is the proposed image of Prometheus in Frankenstein ?
Freudian concepts of sexuality in The Monk .
Gender expectations and the Bronte sisters’ works.
Study the anatomical imagery in The Merchant of Venice .
Domestic animals in T.S. Eliot’s poetry.
Vanity Fair : are its main characters realistic or symbolic?

Chemistry Research Proposal Topic Ideas

Do you enjoy analyzing what our world is made of? With a research proposal in chemistry , you can do precisely that. Whether you’re into inorganic or biochemistry, this section has what you need.

The impact of the temperature on chemical reaction speed. Generally speaking, higher temperature means that chemical reactions occur faster. Investigating in greater detail why this happens may be an interesting research topic for high school students.
The use of organometallic compounds in the industry. Organometallic compounds play a vital role in modern chemistry and widely used in numerous spheres of production. Studying their profits might prove an interesting research proposal idea.
The use of organic solvents in the contemporary world. Organic solvents are essential today, being widely used for a variety of purposes. Studying them might be a great research idea for a proposal.
The difference between covalent and ionic bonds. Covalent and ionic bonds are two of the most important types of chemical bonds between atoms. Further elucidating the similarities and differences between them is a worthwhile research proposal idea for high school students.
The mechanisms of reaction catalysis and inhibition. Chemical catalysts and inhibitors are widely used in the contemporary world to quicken or slow down the speed of chemical reactions. The mechanism by which catalysts and inhibitors work could prove a worthwhile paper topic.
Chemically related toxicants: their impact on human health. Chemical toxicants may be present as contaminants released by factories. Another way toxicants can exist is pollution and the results of environmental effects. In your chemistry research proposal, examine how to prevent potential toxic influence on human lives.
Allergy and chemistry: interrelations. If you’re looking for high school research proposal titles, analyze this topic. Every year more and more people suffer from allergies. Investigate what role chemistry and toxicants play in increased disease rates.
Respiratory toxicity: Chlorine . Chlorine is a toxicant that is exposed from plastic, paper, and chlorinated chemicals. Research the impact of Chlorine on health. How can organic home cleaning products usage lower risks of allergic rhinitis?
Anthropogenic chemicals in the contemporary world. We face anthropogenic chemicals everywhere in our daily life. Industrial, consumer, and agricultural activities cause chemicals emissions. Investigating this issue can help you build an outstanding title list for further research.
Toxicity profiling and its importance. Toxicity profiling can become a great research area for college and university students. Find out more about sample toxicity profiling and its purposes.
Chemistry of LSD.
Chemistry of synaptic transmitters.
Alchemy in relation to physics.
Study the potential usage of hybrid materials.
Discuss ways to develop novel catalysts through organics.
Atom movement and modeling of artificial molecules.
Heterogeneous environment: impact on subatomic particle transfer.
What are the developments in correcting cell function abnormalities?
Review safe alternatives for contamination procedures.
Explore the role of metal oxide catalysts in energy renewal.

Psychology Research Proposal Example Topics

In many ways, human mind remains a mystery. That’s probably one of the main reasons why psychology is such a fascinating subject. Do you want to dive into an uncharted territory or stay on the beaten track? You decide!

Importance of being knowledgeable about cognitive psychology. Exploring people’s thought processes can be among the most exciting cognitive psychology research proposal ideas.
The role of family in the socialization of an individual . Family plays a critical role in a person’s life, surrounding them from their childhood, providing them with food and shelter, and educating them. However, it’s important to know how a family socializes a child growing up.
The potential consequences of an untreated post-traumatic stress disorder . PTSD is a condition that may develop in an individual after a highly traumatic event. It needs treatment, or it may have a profoundly adverse influence on the life of that individual. It’s pivotal to realize how exactly PTSD may impact a person’s life, which makes this a good research topic for a paper.
The phenomenon of bullying in high schools from a psychological point of view . It’s unfortunate that in many contemporary high schools, bullying still poses a significant problem . It may have a serious adverse effect on the victims of bullying, so it’s pivotal to understand the reasons for bullying and the mechanisms that the victims may use to defend themselves.
Sociopathy (ASPD) and psychopathy: similarities and differences. The terms “sociopathy” and “psychopathy” may often be confused by non-professionals. However, important differences between the conditions exist, and it’s paramount to understand them well.
The psychological causes of employee resistance to change. Employees in various companies often tend to resist organizational change. Nevertheless, such resistance may sometimes have an adverse influence on organizational performance.
Empathy from an evolutionary point of view. It’s likely that empathy—the ability to comprehend what another person feels—is a trait that emerged in humans as a part of an evolutionary process. Examining the matter further from can be an excellent evolutionary psychology research proposal.
Jean Piaget’s contribution to psychology
Role of methodology in developmental research
Overcompensation of gender roles in single-mother households.
Little Albert experiment : where did it go wrong?
Freud and feminism: do they go together?
Is aromanticism a choice or not?
Discuss the trial-and-error method in choosing a therapy.
Explore the psychology behind Mandela’s effect.
Aging without children: what are the potential substitutes?
Pinker’s Better Angels thesis: unchanged violence perception.

Research Proposal Topics in Philosophy

What is good and evil? Philosophers have been asking questions like this for centuries. You can join their pondering with a research proposal topic from the list below.

Theodicy in the works of medieval philosophers. Theodicy, or the explanation of why God permits the existence of evil , was always a serious problem for religious philosophy. Medieval philosophers made numerous attempts to create a plausible theodicy. Whether they were successful or not can be demonstrated if the problem is selected as a research topic for your study.
Refutation of proofs of God’s existence in Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason . Medieval philosophers tried hard to prove that God exists, but their “proofs” were all similar, wrote Kant. The great German philosopher argued that there are only a few main types of such proofs, and all of them do not work. Choose this as a research topic for your paper and find out why.
Aristotelian Physics : verbalization of the “intuitively obvious.” Physics is a collection of works by Aristotle that deals with describing the physical world. Having no access to the experimental methods of science, Greek philosophers used reasoning, intuition, and speculation to build their theories. Aristotelian Physics is similar: it describes the physical world precisely as it intuitively appears to human senses.
The concept of political power in John Searle’s works. John Searle is a contemporary American philosopher-analyst whose works cover a broad range of topics, from a philosophy of language and mind to political philosophy. Researching his ideas about political power can prove quite fruitful.
The role of Aristotle’s works in the medieval Christian philosophy. Aristotle played a pivotal role in the development of medieval philosophy in Europe. Many philosophers of the Middle Ages based their philosophical theories and systems on what Aristotle had written. Studying Aristotelian influences on medieval philosophers is a great research topic.
Thomas More’s Utopia and Tommaso Campanella’s The City of the Sun : a comparison of two utopias. Utopia and The City of the Sun are some of the most famous utopian writings in the history of philosophy; in fact, the very genre was named after More’s work. Comparing the two works can prove an interesting endeavor.
Roger Bacon as the father of the experimental method in science. Roger Bacon is widely regarded as the person who introduced experimental method of inquiry into science. Investigate his works, as well as the context in which he worked. You will understand how Roger Bacon developed this idea if the proposed issue is chosen as a research topic for your study.
What is the meaning of life?
Ideas of philosophy and religion in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein .
How to deny the antecedent to enhance the argument.
Define the meaning of a “norm” in its modern sense.
Transhumanism: is digital immortality possible?
Study the notions of free will and regret.
Truthmaking: why are information gaps necessary?
What do philosophical zombies mean for anti-materialism?
Hume and miracles: a pro-religious justification.
Is noncombatant immunity a beacon for warfare ethics?

Research Proposal Topics in Development Studies

The evolution of states and nations is at the core of developmental studies. You can observe this process from various perspectives. These include political, social, or cultural points of view.

Education and success : interrelations. Explore the relations between success and education. Analyze the correlation between education, quality of life, and high living standards.
Human rights: the impact of non-government organizations and social movements. Investigate how various social movements and NGOs impact and promote human rights in different countries.
Conflicts and their impact on livelihood. The countries with conflicts are at risk of wars eruption, which will cause deaths and poor living conditions. Researching how conflicts must be addressed to avoid the problems mentioned above might be interesting if you’re searching for good project topics in development studies.
Waste management programs: how they influence society. Nowadays, there are plenty of waste management projects and programs. Research this issue and analyze its impact on society, environment, and economics. You can examine the Swedish experience and suggest your waste management program.
Women empowerment: how it contributes to women’s independence. Women empowerment programs significantly impact their autonomy and self-development. However, in some regions, women still have little or no access to education. Research how vocational education impacts empowering women in different societies.
Social institutions and economic development: interrelations. Social institutions play a significant role in ensuring the well-being of citizens. In your study, you can explore how various social institutions contribute to the economic development of the country.
The role of social movements in promoting equality. Minorities often face inequality and injustice, especially in countries where people have a diverse ethnic, religious, and economic background. In your research paper, highlight how various social movements ensure equality in a particular country.
Globalization and the country’s development. We live in a world where countries can’t survive without multilateral relations. Analyze how international relations influence the economic growth of a country.
Women leaders and their role in the country’s development. Many years women were not allowed to hold leadership positions. Even now female leaders often face criticism. In your research proposal, evaluate the perception of women leaders and their role in country’s development.
How does globalization affect public health?
Is microfinance in low-income communities a salvation?
What does aging imply for one’s income level?
Developing countries: what is in demand?
Study capital accumulation in Taiwanese households.
Review insurance risks in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Explore the saving habits of women in India.
What did the current generation inherit from the Great Depression era?
What are the reasons behind excessive urban bias in Latin America?
Is pollution in developing countries inevitable?
Caribbean states: external influences and countermeasure policies.

Medical Research Proposal Sample Topics

Thorough medical research is vital for human survival and wellbeing. The human body harbors many mysteries that need exploring. If you want to contribute to solving the puzzle, check out this section.

Addictions among young people: treatment and prevention. Provide ideas for the treatment of young people and ways to help them live a drug-free life. Suggest concepts to prevent addictions to video games , alcohol, drugs, etc.
Healthcare equality for minorities. Various minority groups may face inequality in healthcare. Analyze why the disparities occur for a certain minority group. Provide your suggestions on how to decrease the rates of under-insured minority representatives across the country.
Healthcare in rural areas. People in backcountry often have limited or no access to adequate treatment. You can investigate and provide suggestions on how to improve quality of healthcare in these areas.
Movement disorders: treatment. Neurologic conditions like Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s are destructive for both the patient and their family. Assess ways to treat these conditions and help patients.
Childhood obesity: prevention. According to the OECD report , one in six children suffers from obesity. Examine recent studies and suggest new concepts for obesity treatment and prevention.
Pediatric transplants: patient survival. In your proposal, you can examine new drugs aimed to minimize the side effects of the treatment regimens or analyze challenges in the treatment of transplanted patients.
Health education in high school . Numerous surveys show that more than 50% of parents are dissatisfied with the quality of health education their children receive at school. Suggest ideas to improve the quality of educational programs. What issues should they cover?
Stress and depression among the youth. Stress-related disorders are common among students. Recent studies show that almost 75% of children up to 18 years with anxiety also suffer from depression. You can investigate ways to prevent depression and anxiety disorders.
Mental health education. Examine the importance of proper mental health education in school, along with traditional health topics like abortions or drug abuse.
What are the safer routes of estrogen intake for risk groups?
Discuss disease prevention for pregnant women.
Review the pros and cons of revascularization in older patients.
Negligence of donor organs: who else can be potential patients?
The dark side of sports: diseases in athletes.
Assess the accuracy of noninvasive screening.
Delayed surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic: a difficult choice.
Shift distribution in nursing : what are the adverse health outcomes?
Sub-fertility in men and women: similarities and differences.

Biology Research Proposal Sample Topics

Biology is not just about watching birds or inspecting plants. The science of life has much to offer. If you choose to write a paper on this subject, why not study microbiology? Or maybe epidemiology? There is much left to understand about the organisms inhabiting this planet.

Stem cell research: cloning. Examine the ethics of cloning and its effect on social development. Research what implications cloning may have on society.
Honey bees’ disappearance. Research causes of mass disappearance of bees. What impact can it have on the agricultural industry? Provide suggestions on how to prevent its negative consequences.
Cancer, stress, and treatment. Assess studies related to cancer and its causes. What role does stress play in cancer treatment? How can the atmosphere in hospitals help patients get better?
Heart health and stimulants: interrelations. Examine the correlation between stimulants and risks of heart diseases.
Diets and healthy food . Explore the most popular diets. How do they affect a person’s health? Are there any benefits of eating only certain vegetables and fruits?
Pregnancy and hormones. Investigate how maternal hormones in the first trimester impact the risk of breast cancer. It can be a great topic for your Ph.D. dissertation since there is a lack of research on this issue. Most research works are related to the later gestation period.
Human impact on marine life. Analyze how the Fukushima disaster influenced marine life and its effect on species population. What are the ways to protect rare or endangered species from radiation?
Drug medicine in pediatrics. Discuss the ethics of drug prescription on children. Explore ways to improve pediatric drug trials and development.
Indoor life and diseases : correlations. Modern life involves mostly indoor lifestyle. Analyze how it affects people’s ability to contract diseases. Is there a connection between the H1N1 flu epidemic and indoor life?
Genetic engineering: what is possible in 2024?
Discuss virus mutations and available means to prevent them.
Explore priors in relation to epidemics.
What biological factors influence a country’s economic stability?
Recovery of endangered species: what obstacles persist?
Discuss the possible health effects of living on another planet .
Study botanical structures in advanced artificial designs.
What are the adverse effects of bioremediation in suburban areas?
Rudimentary organs: which can be the next one?

Environmental Research Proposal Topics

Environmental disasters are happening at an unprecedented rate. Finding ways to combat them is an urgent mission. That’s why many countries made environmental issues a top priority on their political agendas.

World’s coral reefs: how to prevent destruction. Provide ideas for the environmental management of the countries that will help to decrease the reefs’ destruction .
Climate change: a scientific approach. Share your ideas on why governments criticize the Climate Change Agreement. Examine the Paris Climate Agreement and point out its weaknesses.
LED lights and their role in environmental protection. LED lights become more and more popular. You can find them everywhere: in TVs, computers, and even cars. Point out why LED light bulbs are better than the traditional one and how they impact the environment.
Acid rains and endangered species . Pollution is a significant issue, and one of the popular environmental proposal topics. Analyze the impact of acid rain on marine life and wildlife.
Clothing industry and their impact on water contamination. Production of one T-shirt requires over 2,700 liters of water . Provide suggestions on how fashion trendsetters can impact the production of clothing. Suggest how upcycling programs can reduce water pollution.
Alternative energy and transportation. Investigate whether alternative fuel vehicles can replace traditional ones. Assess the strengths and weaknesses of alternative energy.
Fukushima disaster, Arkhangelsk explosion, and Chernobyl. Examine these three disasters: what role did a human factor play? Provide your ideas on how to prevent similar tragedies.
Radon: how to protect families from its impact? Radon is a radioactive gas that can enter peoples’ homes through cracks in the home’s foundation. Investigate its effects on health and suggest concepts aimed to protect families from radon.
Rainforests and their ecosystem. It’s a widely known fact that Amazon rainforests play a significant role in life on our planet. Assess the ecosystem of the rainforest and suggest methods aimed at rainforests restoration.
How does invasive grass impact plants in arid lands?
How do we regulate wildfire’s naturally beneficial functions?
Review riparian forests’ role in carbon regulation.
Explore the human factor in phenology-related disruptions.
Describe successful watershed initiatives and their features.
How can we replicate temperature tolerance in fish?
Assess the environmental value of rangelands compared to other areas.
Thriving ecosystems : what prevents their degradation?
Modern species extinction: what happens when humans are uninvolved?
Review existing instruments in predicting climate variability.

Research Proposal Topics in International Relations

Thanks to globalization, humanity is more interconnected than ever. How do various states, NGOs, and other global actors interact with each other? That’s the critical question of international relations. This subject contains aspects of economics, politics, and law.

Female political leaders and their interaction specifics. Traditions inspire many political factors. Recently, women started bringing something new to it. For example, they eased the tension, especially in formal interactions.
Representing a nation’s interest: who is the target audience? A country is at the most united while interacting with other nations. It has to present a consistent position. However, it doesn’t always reflect what the majority wants.
The socio-economic system’s impact on foreign relations. Currently, there is a clash between two opposite views on production. Their differences might pose problems to cooperation.
Wealth discrepancies: developing countries adopting free market approach. Many countries in the world currently require financial help. Providing it may lead to dependency on more prosperous partners. How can they adapt to capitalism?
Free-trade organizations and their underlining political potential. Some people claim that countries in unions benefit only economically. However, they also build strong relations in other spheres. Besides, their membership may influence the union’s decision-making.
State sovereignty : the extent of one’s independence. The countries involved in global cooperation are considered sovereign. You can debate whether we can say it about the countries dependent on others.
The United Nation’s recent successes and failures. The organization is an influential actor on a global scale. It’s responsible for mitigating conflicts and disasters. However, not all of its initiatives are fruitful, such as Sudan.
A personality in foreign policies: possible negative outcomes. Branches of the government cooperate on the unified state agenda. However, political leaders may eclipse this effort. For instance, their position can be unrelated to the country’s actual needs.
Nationalism among global problems: advantages and risks . Currently, many issues require international cooperation . Still, some solutions may be harmful to particular countries.
Debate takeover’s relevance to modern global discourse. Throughout history, countries were driven by their desire to conquer. See if this approach has transformed or outlived its purpose.
Analyze barriers to nuclear disarming in the US.
How do global companies affect native populations?
What’s the impact of the liberal approach on long-lasting conflicts?
Analyze favoritism in global relations.
Discuss equality issues in smaller countries.
Fake news in diplomacy and potential issues.
Write about human rights promotion in autocracies.
How does xenophobia influence diplomatic relations?
Economic sanctions: how do they punish the population?
Pick a local issue and discuss international responses to it.

Topics for a Research Proposal: Economics

It’s nice to have goods and valuables. But it’s also relevant to know how to properly handle them. Economics looks into how people produce, consume, and otherwise interact with resources.

Subtle ways of violating workers’ rights. A government may present itself as a supporter of the working class. Study how actions such as prioritizing corporate interests reveal their real goals.
Minimum wage equivalents in the freelance setting. A commission-based job has many advantages. However, the drawbacks are also numerous. Review them in your proposal.
Income growth: which groups might be missing? The overall tendency for people is to earn more. Yet, it’s not always the case for minorities. See what the reasons behind it are.
Newer industries fearing the power of unions. The benefits of labor unions are well-known. It includes better working environments and payment. But you may argue that corporations consider unions a nuisance.
Homelessness: are we not addressing the problem’s root? Some communities have spent their budgets on making common spots for homeless people inaccessible. Yet, the underlying causes of this condition remain unresolved.
Green proposals and initiatives: what are the reasons for rejection? Politicians have been offering plans to alleviate ecological damages. Yet, they are criticized by the representatives of the affected economic sectors.
Federal aid: issues with transparency and legislature. Local and state governments manage their finances independently. Still, they remain under restrictions. It forces them to rely on higher-level support during difficult times.
The fiduciary rule: who wants it revised? This rule aims to protect the customers’ interests in choosing investment plans. Discuss why some stakeholders view the initiative as an obstacle.
Region-based wage increases: a potential temporary solution. The solution’s ultimate goal is to influence the federal wage. That’s why its proponents find regional proposals distracting. You can argue that they could work as a transitional mechanism.
The US and migrant labor global standards. The issue with immigrants persists. Amid the crisis, select states strive to improve the situation. Does the federal level ignore international regulations?
Wage suppression: what factors lead to it?
Recent trade agreements’ implications for industry workers.
How did COVID-19 affect farmworkers?
Who are the potential benefactors for infrastructure investments?
How do massive job losses impact state economies?
Decreased economic growth: what could accelerate it?
Why are pensions the central drawing aspect of a teacher’s profession ?
New taxation suggestions: will the rich suffer?
What should the fiscal policy target?
Tipping regulation policies and related issues.

Criminal Justice Research Proposal Topics

Criminal justice deals with the identification, judgment, and punishment of criminals. It encompasses three spheres: law enforcement, the courts, and corrections.

Crime and emergencies. Is it true that a lot of crimes are committed during public emergencies? If so, what can be done to prevent them?
The relationship between the police and people of different ethnicities. Can diverse police departments and body cameras prevent police violence? In what ways does the perception of police officers affect public safety?
The efficiency of drug courts. What is the long-term effect of drug courts participation? Do they help or hurt people? What improvements can be made?
The impact of parents’ incarceration on children. Children whose parents are imprisoned are indeed more likely to develop psychological problems. How can that be prevented? Who should take care of the children?
How does gender influence criminal punishment? Men are more likely to get the death penalty. Why? Are women mistreated in court?
Can gun control reduce crimes?
How can drug trafficking be prevented?
Can the death penalty ever be a fair punishment?
Will the legalization of prostitution cause more crimes or reduce them?

Qualitative Research Proposal Sample Topics

Are you more of a hands-on student? Does conducting interviews and fieldwork sound exciting to you? Then writing a proposal for qualitative research is the right thing for you.

Beauty standards: women’s perception of themselves and others. The definition of beauty exists in society as an unspoken rule. Not everyone is fortunate to fit it. What does it entail?
Feminism as an all-encompassing movement: opposing perspectives. Feminism has evolved from being about women to covering all gender rights. However, anti-feminist and notions continue to exist. See why some people insist on creating separate campaigns.
The silent majority in non-democratic countries. Many such countries have a high population that could overthrow the regime. However, they seem content with the situation. Find a logical explanation for this phenomenon.
Likes and reposts: how do they affect people? Social media are not just spots for sharing and discussing topics. They’re also about fame. Certain users make it their mission to achieve it.
The allure of foreign media. Anime and Korean pop music have found success in the US. Discuss what makes them appealing to the audience.
Successful women: what are their resilience factors? Some industries discriminate against their older female workers. However, opposite examples are also common. Demonstrate how a woman can stay on top at any age.
The adult industry: how should we regulate it? People involved in the sex industry are often subject to abuse. The government makes attempts to prevent it. Would it be reasonable to ban the sector completely?
Counter urbanization: why do people leave cities with opportunities? A new trend is moving into the countryside away from noise and pollution. Discuss what makes former city-dwellers make such a choice.
Modern readers and their habits. People reading less is a topical issue. Analyze how people’s interactions with books have evolved.
How hesitant decision-making affects abusive households . When abuse happens in a family, the sufferers often will trust experts to resolve the problem. But sometimes, the process can become complicated.
What can people do to save the marine life?
Study race-based differences in accounts of police forces.
How do you convince a child with disabilities not to give up?
Research what happens when children’s favorite teacher retires.
Review the methods of late-life language learning .
What are the main obstacles when parting with one’s first job ?
How are people with a Ph.D. degree perceived by society?
Overweight people: what helps them the most?
Subcultures of the past: are they coming back?
Dealing with previously undiscovered diseases in children.

Quantitative Research Proposal Topics to Write About

If math doesn’t scare you, quantitative research might be what you’re looking for. It’s suitable for everything: from agriculture to microeconomics. Quantifying data collection and analysis is at the heart of this research method.

Women’s contribution to the US economy . Since gaining equal rights, women started to work and buy goods actively. Assess the importance of their presence in the main economic sectors.
The limited coverage of alternative energy sources. The world has known safer power generation means for years. Still, their usage remains limited. Discuss whether expansion is possible.
Public security in democracies and modern autocracies. Security is one of our primary values. Sometimes people are willing to sacrifice their freedoms for it. But does it mean that less democratic countries are more secure?
Cybercrimes: their rise and potential damage scope . Digitalization comes at a price. We can see it with criminal activity on the Internet. Discuss the forms of such activities.
Online information sources vs. traditional media . Today, people have more news outlets than ever. Children start using social media from an early age. Yet, TV and newspapers might still have a large audience. What are their advantages?
Violence is on the decline: myth or reality? The current time is relatively peaceful compared to earlier periods. Yet, violent incidents still happen. You can debate the trend’s universal nature in your paper.
Natural disasters: does human activity affect their frequency? Earthquakes, landslides, and hurricanes have always posed a danger to people. Recently, they became more frequent than before. Is humanity involved in causing them?
Smartphones as a catalyst for local decision-making. Today almost everyone owns a multi-functional mobile device. In what case can their use be an administrative issue?
Social justice movements and feasible workplace outcomes. The recent years have seen several positive upheavals concerning women and minority groups. Evaluate their impact on employee discrimination around the world.
Space exploration and environment: misguided priorities? Some believe that saving the Earth is hopeless. Thus, colonizing other planets is the solution. Could the money spent on those technologies have solved global issues?
Discuss the millennials’ inclination towards volunteering.
What’s the impact of streaming on the music industry ?
Study cryptocurrencies and related tax evasion issues.
Review recent trajectories in US media censorship.
How successful are crowdfunding websites?
Is it reasonable to choose homeschooling to avoid school shootings?
LGBTQ’s mainstream media portrayal: a quantitative analysis.
How do oil spills damage marine life?
Does autocorrect function affect literacy levels in students?
Assess satisfaction with medical services against their price.

Easy Research Proposal Topics for Students

A research doesn’t have to be about rocket science. Easy topics can be just as effective. Check out our collection of simple research proposal topics:

Height reduction in children and older adults. Many people think that senior citizens are shorter than other age groups. Are all demographics affected by vertical changes?
The Earth spins, but no one feels it. Some people still believe that the planet is flat. They argue that it’s so because we do not feel any movement. In fact, the sphere has certain features that prevent it. What are they?
What is the mechanism of vaccination? Some fear being vaccinated and prefer contracting viruses to develop immunity. It comes from not entirely understanding how vaccines work. How do they offer safer protection?
Evolution of wings and humanity’s dreams of flying. People have always dreamed of conquering the sky. Evolution deprived them of such a skill. The dinosaur’s direct descendants were rewarded instead: common birds.
Color perception in animals: humans vs. pets. Humans can see the world in all its glory. Yet, other creatures are not necessarily capable of that. Even cats’ and dogs’ color perception is limited.
Time travel: is it only possible in fiction? Many movies and TV shows use the concept of time traveling. Perhaps the future will make it possible, but under what conditions?
How did the Solar System’s structure change over time? At some point, the Earth had eight accompanying planets. Later, the classification was overhauled. The system expanded, but it cost Pluto its planet status. What other changes occurred throughout history?
The extent of regeneration: cells and organs. Humans are surprisingly capable of recovering from wounds. Does it also extend to whole organs?
Current issues with space exploration and colonization. Decades ago, humanity managed to put people on the Moon. Since then, other space advancements have been made. Why weren’t they on the same scale?
The origins of the modern-day Western calendar. Christian nations live according to the numerical system allegedly starting from Christ’s birth. It also includes seven days based on his life, although it predates him by long.
Salt in tears and blood: is it the same?
Assess noise sensitivity during sleep and intensive work.
What determines the uniqueness of fingerprints?
Alternative energy generators and how they work.
What determines if a smell is unpleasant?
How do optical illusions work ?
Why do people’s preferences and hobbies change with age?
What’s the purpose of bird songs?
Dangerous wildfires: how much is humanity at fault?
Animal extinction: potential impacts on other species.

If you still want to find some more topics, you are welcome to check science research proposal topics on our blog to make your academic writing life much easier.

📝   How to Write a Project Proposal

Before you start working on the proposal itself, it’s pivotal to understand the standard proposal writing format.

Every academic paper has defined rules to follow, so let’s take a look at the research proposal structure.

Components of Research Proposal

Typically, a research proposal consists of a title, abstract, introduction, research methodology, research results, discussion, ethical considerations, and references.

At the beginning stage, you should choose an interesting proposal title to investigate. It may sound unbelievable, but a carefully chosen title can do half the job in persuading your audience.

In this article, you’ll find research proposal topics in many different areas. It’s always easier to choose one if you have a list of proposal topics to browse. Once you’ve chosen your topic, make your research proposal title catchy and relevant.

Next, every research proposal needs an abstract. This part of your paper has a limited word count, typically between 100 and 300 words. If you want to convince your research committee in just a few lines, you should take this stage very seriously.

The abstract must summarize your research proposal, so it’s better to write it after the rest of your paper is done.

Introduction

This is a standard part of every paper, but different documents include various elements in their introductory texts.

A research proposal introduction should contain the following three parts:

	The audience needs to know what other authors have discovered when studying your topic. This will help them to understand the topic’s importance. .
	To examine your topic thoroughly, you should answer research questions. By finding good research questions, you’ll convince the audience of the importance of your research.
	You should define the approach you’ll use to investigate your research questions. You can choose between two options: Always explain why you have chosen this particular approach and how it’s relevant to your research question.

Research Methodology

When writing a research proposal, you need to describe the methods you’ve used. It will make your work more credible and allow the readers to evaluate it properly.

Your methodology helps you carry out your research. It serves as a basis for any academic paper, and it’s closely connected with your research question.

Research Results

You may be wondering how you can write the research proposal results when you haven’t actually conducted the research yet.

Well, don’t worry—you’re not expected to draw final conclusions at this stage. Instead, just try to analyze what research proposal results you’ll get after your project is done and how those results will impact your field of study or the world at large.

Two ways of presenting and organizing the research results.

This is an important part of your paper because it explains to the research committee whether or not your results will be worth the effort. Try to persuade the audience that you can get important results, but never promise too much.

Research Discussion

It’s okay to face some problems with your research, whether it’s trouble getting an interview from a foreign professor or having the funds to complete an expensive experiment.

Just don’t try to hide from the research committee the things you can’t do for your project. Instead, discuss them with your committee so they can have the whole picture and give you helpful advice on your research. Who knows—maybe one of them can introduce you to this foreign professor!

Ethical Considerations

If your research is conducted on people or animals, you should mention how you’re going to collect your data. Make sure your research proposal methodology doesn’t conflict with ethical guidelines.

References and Appendices

No research paper can be written without reading and studying dozens of sources. You site them all in the References section . If you have any questionnaires for your research proposal or any other documents related to your investigation, include them all in the appendices .

Outline of a Research Proposal: Step by Step

STEP #1. Write the abstract.

How should you write your research proposal abstract? Explain the primary problem you want to explore and tell why it’s important:

❓	What can your investigation bring?
❓	What will you use to find answers to your research questions?
❓	What do you expect your exploration to result in?

The next step is writing a research methodology section.

STEP #2. Introduce your methodological approach.

To choose a methodological approach, you need to analyze your research question. Do it from the following points of view:

❓	Is your research question rooted in ?
❓	What are you going to collect and analyze? It could be numerical or textual data. You can use available information, or collect it yourself.
❓	What are you going to use?
❓	What fits the best when answering your research question?

STEP #3. Introduce your data collection methods.

Depending on how you answered the previous questions, choose which types of data you will need for your research:

Primary data that you collect yourself.
Secondary data , already available and presented by someone else.

Here are the main methods of primary data collection:

Surveys are perfect for assignments where you need to gather information from a group of people. It can be done in the form of a questionnaire or as an interview.
Observation is used when you need to see how something occurs in natural conditions.
An experiment is a set of procedures conducted in order to test a theory.

Secondary data is usually obtained from books and articles. The main method here is the literature review , where you analyze and evaluate information from the source.

STEP #4. Describe your methods of analysis.

The methods of analysis can be qualitative or quantitative.

T-tests estimate the difference between the means of two groups (e.g., populations of two cities)
Simple linear regression analysis estimates the relationship between two variables (e.g., amount of rainfall and crop growth)
Multiple regression analysis estimates the relationships between one dependent and several independent variables (e.g., pneumonia in people of different ages)
Content analysis (e.g., the use of certain words in texts)
Thematic analysis (e.g., to identify common topics in texts)
Discourse analysis (e.g., to analyze the text in relation to its social context)

STEP #5. Justify your choices.

Here you should explain why you’ve chosen a particular methodology for your project. Show why your approach is the most appropriate one, and why other methods are not suitable. Here’s the list of the most common disadvantages:

T-tests become unreliable when the normal distribution of data is violated.
In simple linear regression , the results are often over-simplified.
Multiple regression analysis can sometimes use incomplete data.
Content analysis can disregard important nuances.
Thematic and discourse analysis can be too subjective.

Research Proposal Cover Page & Format

Every academic paper has defined rules to follow, so let’s take a look at the research proposal writing format.

Research Proposal Title Page

The front page of a proposal includes the following:

Your name ;
Your project’s title ;
Name of the institution or organization you’re applying to;
Name and contact information of your research’s supervisor ;
Submission date .

Formatting and References

Remember to make a reference to every article or website that you used to write your research proposal, and only use credible sources for your study, such as books and peer-reviewed articles. You are usually required to cite your sources in one of the existing citing styles, such as APA or MLA .

Research Proposal Timeline

A timeline is a plan that indicates the milestones of your research and the dates at which you could realistically achieve these milestones. Time schedules are especially important for lengthy researches.

Here are the milestones that you can include in your timeline:

Research proposal completion
Literature review
Conducting experiments
Data analysis
First draft completion
Rewriting and editing
Final draft.

It’s handy to have two versions of the same timeline. First, make a shorter one to include in your research proposal. Then, write a more detailed version for your personal reference.

📄 Undergraduate Research Proposal Sample

Finally, we’ve prepared a research proposal example (MLA format) to help you better understand your task. Feel free to download it below.

This study examines the effect of mobile educational applications on pre-school children and their academic achievements. The research was conducted by studying and analyzing the information provided by similar previously conducted researches. The interpretive methods, which focus on understanding a phenomenon comprehensively, and secondary data collection, were used for this research.

We hope you’ve enjoyed this article. Have any interesting questions or ideas? Let us know in the comments!

Learn more on this topic:

Research Proposal Help: Amazing Resources, Tips & Tools
Best Research Proposal: How to Write, Sample and Tips
The Importance of a Research Proposal: Purpose and Advantages

🔗  References

Research Process, A Step-by-Step Approach: Nash Library & Student Learning Commons at Gannon University
How to Prepare an Annotated Bibliography: LibGuides at Cornell University
Effective Writing: Grammar Rules
Making an Outline, Organizing Your Social Sciences Research Paper: Research Guides at University of Southern California
A Guide for Proposal Writing: The National Science Foundation
What’s the Best Business Proposal Format: Bplans, Palo Alto Software, Inc.
How to Write a Business Proposal, A Basic Guide: The Balance Small Business
How to Write Your Research Proposal: University of Westminster, London
Medical Students Topics: Medscape
Psychology Research Paper Topics, 50+ Great Ideas: Kendra Cherry, Verywell Mind
Topics: HISTORY, A&E Television Networks, LLC.
10 Best Proposal Examples [With Critical Critiques]: Mary Cullen, Instructional Solution
Free Business Proposal Templates: Proposify
Writing Your Research ProposaL: Oxford University Department for Continuing Education
Writing a Good PhD Research Proposal: FindAPhD
Nick Bostrom’s Home Page: Nick Bostrom
Research Priorities: Minerva Research Initiative
Generate Topic Ideas Quickly and Easily: Online Research Library Questia
Faculty Research Topics: USC Viterbi, School of Engineering
Writing Research Proposals: University of California, Berkeley
Finding a project: Washington State University
Undergraduate Sample Research Topics: Political Science: Western Michigan University
World History: Britannica
Literature Topics and Research: Purdue University
Most Downloaded Journal of Business Research Articles: Elsevier
Recent Research Topics on Management: Research Gate
Business Administration: Academia.edu
Sample Business Proposals: Proposal Kit
Political Science Research and Methods: Cambridge University Press
Articles: Frontiers of Business Research in China: Springer Open
Management Science/Operations Research: Emerald.com
Working Knowledge: Business Research for Business Leaders: Harvard Business School
Education Research: EdSurge
Special Education: American Institutes for Research
Special Education Research Programs: US Department of Education
Early Childhood Education Research: Australian Council for Education Research
Research Areas: Department of Chemistry: Stanford University
Research: Chemistry World
Metaphysics and Epistemology: PhilPapers
Research Programs in Development Studies: Princeton University
Research Articles: The BMJ
Medical Research News: Medical Xpress
Nature Research: Nature.com
Research Topics: Natural Resources and Environment: The University of Arizona
Areas of Research: Economic Policy Institute
International Affairs: RAND
International Relations: SAGE Journals
Quantitative Research Topics: Frontiers In
Articles on Curious Kids: The Conversation
Study of Impacts of Global Warming on Climate Change: Rise in Sea Level and Disaster Frequency: IntechOpen
Research Methodology: Open.edu
Background Research: Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts
Background Research: LibGuides at University of Connecticut
Data Analysis: The Office of Research Integrity: HHS.gov
Five Principles for Research Ethics: American Psychological Association
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180+ Proposal Essay Topics in 2024

Table of contents

1 What Is a Proposal Argument Essay?
2 Interesting Proposal Essay Topics
3 Environment & Global Warming
4 Technology
5 Business Proposal Essay Ideas
6 Proposal Essay Topics on Education
7 Personal Development and Psychology
8 History Proposal Essay Topics
9 Culture Proposal Writing Ideas
10 Literature Proposal Essay Topics
11.1 Law and Justice
11.2 Politics and Government
11.3 Topics on Economics
12 Tips for Proposal Argument Essay Writing
13 Conclusion

Do you need to work on a proposal essay but don’t know where to start? Don’t worry; we’re here to help! This guide will walk you through how to start drafting a proposal essay that will get you the desired grade. We’ll discuss how to choose a topic, how to structure your document, how to make sure it is persuasive and well-written, and cover more than a hundred themes to choose from.

Regarding the themes, we’ll cover interesting proposal essay topics with solutions, ranging from medical proposal essay topics to even funny proposal essay topics. So let’s get started!

What Is a Proposal Argument Essay?

It is an argumentative essay in which you propose a solution to a problem . It can be written for an academic audience, such as your professor or classmates, or it can be for a more general audience, such as a government body or business.

To come up with a good paper, you need to have a subject you are passionate about and know there is a problem. For example, if you are interested in environmental issues, you might research the problems with plastic pollution. If you are interested in education, you might research problems with the current school system.

Once you have chosen your field of study, you can seek help from various services, such as a research proposal writing service , to explore themes related to your topic. This approach will help you gain a deeper understanding and find evidence to support your findings. After completing your research, you will be ready to start putting together your paper!

Interesting Proposal Essay Topics

Choosing the right topic for a proposal essay can be challenging, but it is crucial for success in college. A good topic captures interest and provides a solid foundation for your research. To help you get started, we have compiled a list of intriguing proposal essay topics that cover various subjects.

Need help with your proposal essay? Get your paper written by a professional writer Get Help Reviews.io 4.9/5

Environment & Global Warming

Here are some environment essay ideas to get you started:

Ways to reduce plastic pollution
Effects of air pollution on human health
Methods to reduce food waste and control global climate change
Risks associated with fracking
Importance of protecting endangered species
Steps to reduce car emissions
Advantages of using renewable energy
Exploring climate change through contemporary literature
Issues with nuclear power plants
Strategies to encourage recycling
Importance of conserving water resources
Ways to combat global warming effectively
Implementing sustainable practices in daily life
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through innovative solutions
Adapting to climate change at a community level
Promoting environmental sustainability in urban areas
Addressing environmental issues through policy changes
Methods for effective environmental conservation
The impact of environmental policies on local communities
Alternatives to plastic bags for a cleaner environment
The role of sustainable agriculture in mitigating climate change
Policies to reduce the use of plastic bags in retail stores
How sustainable agriculture practices can combat climate change
Innovative solutions to replace plastic bags and reduce environmental impact

When creating this kind of text, it is important to remember that you are trying to persuade the reader to accept your solution. This means that you need to make sure your text is clear and easy to follow. You will also need to find evidence to support your claim. Finally, practice makes perfect!

Technology themes are easy proposal essay topics and always evolving. There are always new problems to solve. Here are technology subjects to get you started:

The problem of Internet addiction
How to secure data online
The dark side of social media
How to stop cyberbullying
Identity theft
The pros and cons of artificial intelligence
How driverless cars will impact society
The future of virtual reality
The impact of the Internet on education
How biometrics will change security measures
The impact of modern technologies on education
Ethical considerations in scientific research advancements
The influence of modern media on public opinion
How social media platforms shape political discourse
Economic benefits of adopting renewable energy sources

Business Proposal Essay Ideas

Business writing is a common assignment in business school. To craft a good one, you need to choose a relevant theme that can be expanded. Here are ten business project proposal ideas to get you started:

The pros and cons of starting your own business
How to come up with a business plan
What investors look for in a startup
How to pitch your business idea
The challenges of being a young entrepreneur
How to balance work and life when you’re self-employed
The importance of customer service
How a social presence can help or hurt your business
The role of marketing in a successful business
Developing an effective sales strategy
The impact of economic development on small businesses
Balancing economic development with environmental sustainability
The role of corporate social responsibility in modern business practices
Strategies to ensure economic stability in volatile markets
Economic benefits of embracing digital transformation in businesses
Challenges faced by developing countries in attracting foreign investment

These are just some of the potential subjects you could develop in a business paper. Do some research and pick one that interests you!

Proposal Essay Topics on Education

Here are education proposal topic ideas to get you started:

Ways to address the problem of illiteracy
Strategies to improve test scores
Solutions for reducing the high dropout rate
Methods to reduce bullying in schools
Techniques for improving communication between teachers and students
How to make school more engaging for students
The impact of technology on education
Pros and cons of homeschooling
The importance of implementing comprehensive sex education
Effective methods for disciplining children
Ways to support the mental health of college athletes
Improving nutritional quality in school lunch programs
How to enhance educational outcomes through innovative teaching methods
Strategies for increasing parental involvement in children’s education
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The possibilities are endless when it comes to the kinds of papers you can write. Research, pick an interesting topic, and go from there!

Personal Development and Psychology

Here are personal development and psychology topic proposal ideas to get you started:

How to overcome procrastination
How to deal with anxiety
How to manage stress
The benefits of meditation
The role of therapy in personal development
How to set good goals and achieve them
How to overcome negative thinking
Building self-confidence
Dealing with envy
Overcoming jealousy
Strategies to raise mental health awareness in schools
Effective ways to support mental health during the college years
Improving social life for better mental well-being
Building stronger interpersonal relationships in the digital age
Techniques for personal development in a fast-paced world
Addressing ethical dilemmas in modern psychological practices

History Proposal Essay Topics

How the American Revolution changed America
The causes of the Civil War
How the Industrial Revolution changed America
The Roaring Twenties: A decade of change
The Big Depression and the New Deal
World War II: The home front experience
The black lives matter movement in 2024
The civil rights movement
The fall of communism in Eastern Europe
The end of apartheid in South Africa
The influence of the modern world on global politics
Challenges facing contemporary society in the 21st century
Analyzing the most significant historical events of the last decade
Economic development challenges in developing countries
The impact of cultural diversity on national identity
Key historical events that shaped modern society

History is so much more than just the past, it’s an exploration of human nature. And that means there are all sorts of fascinating themes you can write about!

Culture Proposal Writing Ideas

How social networks have changed the way we communicate
The impact of globalization on culture
How immigration has changed America
The role of women in society
Racism in America
Homophobia in America
Promoting gender equality in the workplace
Fostering tolerant behavior in multicultural societies
The effects of streaming services on traditional television consumption
The impact of meme culture on political discourse
Challenges and opportunities of remote work in the digital age
The influence of online education on traditional schooling
Cyberbullying and its effects on mental health
The role of social media influencers in shaping public opinion
The representation of minorities in digital media
Privacy concerns in the era of big data
The digital divide and its impact on education equality
The influence of virtual reality on social interactions

Culture is a fascinating subject that can make for an engaging paper. There are so many different areas to explore, and it’s up to you as the writer how in-depth your research will be!

Literature Proposal Essay Topics

The decline of printed media in the 21st century
How the Internet has changed the way we consume literature
The evolution of dystopian themes in contemporary literature
The portrayal of mental health in modern fiction
The impact of social media on literary criticism
Representation of LGBTQ+ characters in 21st-century novels
The role of women writers in shaping modern literary trends
The influence of technology on narrative structure in fiction
Depiction of immigrant experiences in recent literature
The resurgence of poetry in the digital age
Exploring themes of identity in young adult literature
The impact of self-publishing on the literary market
The role of literature in the Black Lives Matter movement
Portrayal of pandemics in contemporary fiction
The influence of graphic novels on literary culture
Exploring cultural hybridity in global literature

Social Life and Social Issues Proposal Essay Topics

Here are some social life issues headlines to get you started:

How to reduce crime in your community
The role of the media in society
Addressing illegal drug use in urban areas
Solutions for improving healthcare accessibility for low-income families
Strategies to combat homelessness among low-income families
Domestic violence: Causes and solutions
Preventing drunk driving through community initiatives
Elder abuse: Recognition and prevention strategies
Child abuse prevention and intervention programs
Human trafficking: Global and local responses
Addressing the rise of illegal immigration during the COVID-19 pandemic
Combating childhood obesity through effective programs
Animal cruelty: Legislation and enforcement
The importance of comprehensive sex education in schools
Exploring moral responsibility in contemporary society
The role of religious education in promoting ethical values
Addressing world hunger through sustainable practices
Ethical implications of modern surveillance technologies
The importance of early childhood education in social development

Why not develop your own social life paper? There are an infinite number of potential subjects you could choose from! Research and pick one that interests you.

Law and Justice

Here are ten law and justice high-level but good themes to get you started:

The death penalty: Pros and Cons
The problem of false confessions
How to manage sexual harassment lawsuits
The issue of police brutality
Racial discrimination in the criminal justice system
The problem of mass incarceration
Is our current immigration system fair?
Can you argue that there should be stricter gun control laws?
Should the legal drinking age be raised?
Should marijuana be legalized?

These are just some of the potential topics you could research about.

Politics and Government

Here are ten politics and government themes to get you started:

The problem of voter turnout
How to improve the political process
The issue of campaign finance reform
How to reduce corruption in government
The role of lobbyists in government
Is our current tax system fair?
Should the government do more to regulate big business?
What is the best way to handle the issue of illegal immigration?
Should the government do more to protect the environment?
What is the best way to handle the issue of climate change?

Topics on Economics

Here are ten economy proposal paper topics to get you started:

The problem of income inequality
The issue of jobs outsourcing
How to improve the American economy
The role of the Federal Reserve in the economy
The problem of trade deficits
Should the minimum wage be raised?
Is capitalism the best economic system?
What is the best way to reduce unemployment?
Should there be stricter regulation of the financial sector?
The role of the Federal Reserve

When it comes to writing a proposal essay, students can face several challenges. However, with the help of an online essay writing service , students can get professional assistance in selecting a suitable proposal essay topic and completing the entire essay. Papersowl.com provides guidance on researching the issue, outlining the essay, and crafting the final draft, ensuring that the essay meets the course requirements.

Tips for Proposal Argument Essay Writing

Let’s talk about some essential tips to ensure your essay stands out and persuades your reader effectively. Here are key strategies to enhance your proposal argument essay:

Ensure Clarity and Accuracy:

Your essay must be well-written, free of grammar and spelling errors. A polished document enhances credibility and shows that you take your work seriously. Be clear and concise in your writing. Your goal is to persuade the reader, so ensure your arguments are easy to follow and understand.

Support with Evidence:

Back up your proposal argument with solid evidence. Use reliable sources to support your claims and strengthen your argument. Look for top proposal essay examples in your field to gather insights and ideas on structuring and presenting your proposal.

Practice and Revise:

Writing is a skill that improves with practice. The more you write and revise, the better your essays will become. Don’t be afraid to draft and redraft until your essay is compelling and clear. Seek feedback from peers or instructors to refine your arguments and improve your writing.

Choose the Right Topic:

Select a topic you are passionate about and that addresses a specific problem. A topic that genuinely interests you will be easier to research and write about. Ensure the topic is debatable, with clear opposing viewpoints to address in your essay. This will make your argument more robust and comprehensive.

Conduct Thorough Research:

Once you’ve chosen a topic, conduct extensive research to understand the issue fully. Gather information from various sources to get a well-rounded view. Use this research to build a strong foundation for your proposal, making your argument more persuasive and credible.

And if you’re willing to get some extra help to save time and effort, you can always try our pay to write essay offering today and kick back while professional writers craft a top-notch paper just for you!

So, what are you waiting for? Pick your favorite theme and get started typing proposals with any topic you like! The sooner you start, the more time you’ll have to revise and polish your work. And don’t forget to ask for help if you need it – professors are always happy to offer guidance and feedback.

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61 intriguing psychology research topics to explore

Last updated

11 January 2024

Reviewed by

Brittany Ferri, PhD, OTR/L

Short on time? Get an AI generated summary of this article instead

Psychology is an incredibly diverse, critical, and ever-changing area of study in the medical and health industries. Because of this, it’s a common area of study for students and healthcare professionals.

We’re walking you through picking the perfect topic for your upcoming paper or study. Keep reading for plenty of example topics to pique your interest and curiosity.

How to choose a psychology research topic

Exploring a psychology-based topic for your research project? You need to pick a specific area of interest to collect compelling data.

Use these tips to help you narrow down which psychology topics to research:

Focus on a particular area of psychology

The most effective psychological research focuses on a smaller, niche concept or disorder within the scope of a study.

Psychology is a broad and fascinating area of science, including everything from diagnosed mental health disorders to sports performance mindset assessments.

This gives you plenty of different avenues to explore. Having a hard time choosing? Check out our list of 61 ideas further down in this article to get started.

Read the latest clinical studies

Once you’ve picked a more niche topic to explore, you need to do your due diligence and explore other research projects on the same topic.

This practice will help you learn more about your chosen topic, ask more specific questions, and avoid covering existing projects.

For the best results, we recommend creating a research folder of associated published papers to reference throughout your project. This makes it much easier to cite direct references and find inspiration down the line.

Find a topic you enjoy and ask questions

Once you’ve spent time researching and collecting references for your study, you finally get to explore.

Whether this research project is for work, school, or just for fun, having a passion for your research will make the project much more enjoyable. (Trust us, there will be times when that is the only thing that keeps you going.)

Now you’ve decided on the topic, ask more nuanced questions you might want to explore.

If you can, pick the direction that interests you the most to make the research process much more enjoyable.

61 psychology topics to research in 2024

Need some extra help starting your psychology research project on the right foot? Explore our list of 61 cutting-edge, in-demand psychology research topics to use as a starting point for your research journey.

Psychology research topics for university students

As a university student, it can be hard to pick a research topic that fits the scope of your classes and is still compelling and unique.

Here are a few exciting topics we recommend exploring for your next assigned research project:

Mental health in post-secondary students

Seeking post-secondary education is a stressful and overwhelming experience for most students, making this topic a great choice to explore for your in-class research paper.

Examples of post-secondary mental health research topics include:

Student mental health status during exam season

Mental health disorder prevalence based on study major

The impact of chronic school stress on overall quality of life

The impacts of cyberbullying

Cyberbullying can occur at all ages, starting as early as elementary school and carrying through into professional workplaces.

Examples of cyberbullying-based research topics you can study include:

The impact of cyberbullying on self-esteem

Common reasons people engage in cyberbullying

Cyberbullying themes and commonly used terms

Cyberbullying habits in children vs. adults

The long-term effects of cyberbullying

Clinical psychology research topics

If you’re looking to take a more clinical approach to your next project, here are a few topics that involve direct patient assessment for you to consider:

Chronic pain and mental health

Living with chronic pain dramatically impacts every aspect of a person’s life, including their mental and emotional health.

Here are a few examples of in-demand pain-related psychology research topics:

The connection between diabetic neuropathy and depression

Neurological pain and its connection to mental health disorders

Efficacy of meditation and mindfulness for pain management

The long-term effects of insomnia

Insomnia is where you have difficulty falling or staying asleep. It’s a common health concern that impacts millions of people worldwide.

This is an excellent topic because insomnia can have a variety of causes, offering many research possibilities.

Here are a few compelling psychology research topics about insomnia you could investigate:

The prevalence of insomnia based on age, gender, and ethnicity

Insomnia and its impact on workplace productivity

The connection between insomnia and mental health disorders

Efficacy and use of melatonin supplements for insomnia

The risks and benefits of prescription insomnia medications

Lifestyle options for managing insomnia symptoms

The efficacy of mental health treatment options

Management and treatment of mental health conditions is an ever-changing area of study. If you can witness or participate in mental health therapies, this can make a great research project.

Examples of mental health treatment-related psychology research topics include:

The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for patients with severe anxiety

The benefits and drawbacks of group vs. individual therapy sessions

Music therapy for mental health disorders

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for patients with depression

Controversial psychology research paper topics

If you are looking to explore a more cutting-edge or modern psychology topic, you can delve into a variety of controversial and topical options:

The impact of social media and digital platforms

Ever since access to internet forums and video games became more commonplace, there’s been growing concern about the impact these digital platforms have on mental health.

Examples of social media and video game-related psychology research topics include:

The effect of edited images on self-confidence

How social media platforms impact social behavior

Video games and their impact on teenage anger and violence

Digital communication and the rapid spread of misinformation

The development of digital friendships

Psychotropic medications for mental health

In recent years, the interest in using psychoactive medications to treat and manage health conditions has increased despite their inherently controversial nature.

Examples of psychotropic medication-related research topics include:

The risks and benefits of using psilocybin mushrooms for managing anxiety

The impact of marijuana on early-onset psychosis

Childhood marijuana use and related prevalence of mental health conditions

Ketamine and its use for complex PTSD (C-PTSD) symptom management

The effect of long-term psychedelic use and mental health conditions

Mental health disorder research topics

As one of the most popular subsections of psychology, studying mental health disorders and how they impact quality of life is an essential and impactful area of research.

While studies in these areas are common, there’s always room for additional exploration, including the following hot-button topics:

Anxiety and depression disorders

Anxiety and depression are well-known and heavily researched mental health disorders.

Despite this, we still don’t know many things about these conditions, making them great candidates for psychology research projects:

Social anxiety and its connection to chronic loneliness

C-PTSD symptoms and causes

The development of phobias

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) behaviors and symptoms

Depression triggers and causes

Self-care tools and resources for depression

The prevalence of anxiety and depression in particular age groups or geographic areas

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is a complex and multi-faceted area of psychology research.

Use your research skills to learn more about this condition and its impact by choosing any of the following topics:

Early signs of bipolar disorder

The incidence of bipolar disorder in young adults

The efficacy of existing bipolar treatment options

Bipolar medication side effects

Cognitive behavioral therapy for people with bipolar

Schizoaffective disorder

Schizoaffective disorder is often stigmatized, and less common mental health disorders are a hotbed for new and exciting research.

Here are a few examples of interesting research topics related to this mental health disorder:

The prevalence of schizoaffective disorder by certain age groups or geographic locations

Risk factors for developing schizoaffective disorder

The prevalence and content of auditory and visual hallucinations

Alternative therapies for schizoaffective disorder

Societal and systematic psychology research topics

Modern society’s impact is deeply enmeshed in our mental and emotional health on a personal and community level.

Here are a few examples of societal and systemic psychology research topics to explore in more detail:

Access to mental health services

While mental health awareness has risen over the past few decades, access to quality mental health treatment and resources is still not equitable.

This can significantly impact the severity of a person’s mental health symptoms, which can result in worse health outcomes if left untreated.

Explore this crucial issue and provide information about the need for improved mental health resource access by studying any of the following topics:

Rural vs. urban access to mental health resources

Access to crisis lines by location

Wait times for emergency mental health services

Inequities in mental health access based on income and location

Insurance coverage for mental health services

Systemic racism and mental health

Societal systems and the prevalence of systemic racism heavily impact every aspect of a person’s overall health.

Researching these topics draws attention to existing problems and contributes valuable insights into ways to improve access to care moving forward.

Examples of systemic racism-related psychology research topics include:

Access to mental health resources based on race

The prevalence of BIPOC mental health therapists in a chosen area

The impact of systemic racism on mental health and self-worth

Racism training for mental health workers

The prevalence of mental health disorders in discriminated groups

LGBTQIA+ mental health concerns

Research about LGBTQIA+ people and their mental health needs is a unique area of study to explore for your next research project. It’s a commonly overlooked and underserved community.

Examples of LGBTQIA+ psychology research topics to consider include:

Mental health supports for queer teens and children

The impact of queer safe spaces on mental health

The prevalence of mental health disorders in the LGBTQIA+ community

The benefits of queer mentorship and found family

Substance misuse in LQBTQIA+ youth and adults

Collect data and identify trends with Dovetail

Psychology research is an exciting and competitive study area, making it the perfect choice for projects or papers.

Take the headache out of analyzing your data and instantly access the insights you need to complete your next psychology research project by teaming up with Dovetail today.

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17 Research Proposal Examples

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

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research proposal example sections definition and purpose, explained below

A research proposal systematically and transparently outlines a proposed research project.

The purpose of a research proposal is to demonstrate a project’s viability and the researcher’s preparedness to conduct an academic study. It serves as a roadmap for the researcher.

The process holds value both externally (for accountability purposes and often as a requirement for a grant application) and intrinsic value (for helping the researcher to clarify the mechanics, purpose, and potential signficance of the study).

Key sections of a research proposal include: the title, abstract, introduction, literature review, research design and methods, timeline, budget, outcomes and implications, references, and appendix. Each is briefly explained below.

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Research Proposal Sample Structure

Title: The title should present a concise and descriptive statement that clearly conveys the core idea of the research projects. Make it as specific as possible. The reader should immediately be able to grasp the core idea of the intended research project. Often, the title is left too vague and does not help give an understanding of what exactly the study looks at.

Abstract: Abstracts are usually around 250-300 words and provide an overview of what is to follow – including the research problem , objectives, methods, expected outcomes, and significance of the study. Use it as a roadmap and ensure that, if the abstract is the only thing someone reads, they’ll get a good fly-by of what will be discussed in the peice.

Introduction: Introductions are all about contextualization. They often set the background information with a statement of the problem. At the end of the introduction, the reader should understand what the rationale for the study truly is. I like to see the research questions or hypotheses included in the introduction and I like to get a good understanding of what the significance of the research will be. It’s often easiest to write the introduction last

Literature Review: The literature review dives deep into the existing literature on the topic, demosntrating your thorough understanding of the existing literature including themes, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in the literature. It serves both to demonstrate your knowledge of the field and, to demonstrate how the proposed study will fit alongside the literature on the topic. A good literature review concludes by clearly demonstrating how your research will contribute something new and innovative to the conversation in the literature.

Research Design and Methods: This section needs to clearly demonstrate how the data will be gathered and analyzed in a systematic and academically sound manner. Here, you need to demonstrate that the conclusions of your research will be both valid and reliable. Common points discussed in the research design and methods section include highlighting the research paradigm, methodologies, intended population or sample to be studied, data collection techniques, and data analysis procedures . Toward the end of this section, you are encouraged to also address ethical considerations and limitations of the research process , but also to explain why you chose your research design and how you are mitigating the identified risks and limitations.

Timeline: Provide an outline of the anticipated timeline for the study. Break it down into its various stages (including data collection, data analysis, and report writing). The goal of this section is firstly to establish a reasonable breakdown of steps for you to follow and secondly to demonstrate to the assessors that your project is practicable and feasible.

Budget: Estimate the costs associated with the research project and include evidence for your estimations. Typical costs include staffing costs, equipment, travel, and data collection tools. When applying for a scholarship, the budget should demonstrate that you are being responsible with your expensive and that your funding application is reasonable.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: A discussion of the anticipated findings or results of the research, as well as the potential contributions to the existing knowledge, theory, or practice in the field. This section should also address the potential impact of the research on relevant stakeholders and any broader implications for policy or practice.

References: A complete list of all the sources cited in the research proposal, formatted according to the required citation style. This demonstrates the researcher’s familiarity with the relevant literature and ensures proper attribution of ideas and information.

Appendices (if applicable): Any additional materials, such as questionnaires, interview guides, or consent forms, that provide further information or support for the research proposal. These materials should be included as appendices at the end of the document.

Research Proposal Examples

Research proposals often extend anywhere between 2,000 and 15,000 words in length. The following snippets are samples designed to briefly demonstrate what might be discussed in each section.

1. Education Studies Research Proposals

See some real sample pieces:

Assessment of the perceptions of teachers towards a new grading system
Does ICT use in secondary classrooms help or hinder student learning?
Digital technologies in focus project
Urban Middle School Teachers’ Experiences of the Implementation of
Restorative Justice Practices
Experiences of students of color in service learning

Consider this hypothetical education research proposal:

The Impact of Game-Based Learning on Student Engagement and Academic Performance in Middle School Mathematics

Abstract: The proposed study will explore multiplayer game-based learning techniques in middle school mathematics curricula and their effects on student engagement. The study aims to contribute to the current literature on game-based learning by examining the effects of multiplayer gaming in learning.

Introduction: Digital game-based learning has long been shunned within mathematics education for fears that it may distract students or lower the academic integrity of the classrooms. However, there is emerging evidence that digital games in math have emerging benefits not only for engagement but also academic skill development. Contributing to this discourse, this study seeks to explore the potential benefits of multiplayer digital game-based learning by examining its impact on middle school students’ engagement and academic performance in a mathematics class.

Literature Review: The literature review has identified gaps in the current knowledge, namely, while game-based learning has been extensively explored, the role of multiplayer games in supporting learning has not been studied.

Research Design and Methods: This study will employ a mixed-methods research design based upon action research in the classroom. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design will first be used to compare the academic performance and engagement of middle school students exposed to game-based learning techniques with those in a control group receiving instruction without the aid of technology. Students will also be observed and interviewed in regard to the effect of communication and collaboration during gameplay on their learning.

Timeline: The study will take place across the second term of the school year with a pre-test taking place on the first day of the term and the post-test taking place on Wednesday in Week 10.

Budget: The key budgetary requirements will be the technologies required, including the subscription cost for the identified games and computers.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: It is expected that the findings will contribute to the current literature on game-based learning and inform educational practices, providing educators and policymakers with insights into how to better support student achievement in mathematics.

2. Psychology Research Proposals

See some real examples:

A situational analysis of shared leadership in a self-managing team
The effect of musical preference on running performance
Relationship between self-esteem and disordered eating amongst adolescent females

Consider this hypothetical psychology research proposal:

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Stress Reduction in College Students

Abstract: This research proposal examines the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on stress reduction among college students, using a pre-test/post-test experimental design with both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods .

Introduction: College students face heightened stress levels during exam weeks. This can affect both mental health and test performance. This study explores the potential benefits of mindfulness-based interventions such as meditation as a way to mediate stress levels in the weeks leading up to exam time.

Literature Review: Existing research on mindfulness-based meditation has shown the ability for mindfulness to increase metacognition, decrease anxiety levels, and decrease stress. Existing literature has looked at workplace, high school and general college-level applications. This study will contribute to the corpus of literature by exploring the effects of mindfulness directly in the context of exam weeks.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n= 234 ) will be randomly assigned to either an experimental group, receiving 5 days per week of 10-minute mindfulness-based interventions, or a control group, receiving no intervention. Data will be collected through self-report questionnaires, measuring stress levels, semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ experiences, and students’ test scores.

Timeline: The study will begin three weeks before the students’ exam week and conclude after each student’s final exam. Data collection will occur at the beginning (pre-test of self-reported stress levels) and end (post-test) of the three weeks.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: The study aims to provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress among college students in the lead up to exams, with potential implications for mental health support and stress management programs on college campuses.

3. Sociology Research Proposals

Understanding emerging social movements: A case study of ‘Jersey in Transition’
The interaction of health, education and employment in Western China
Can we preserve lower-income affordable neighbourhoods in the face of rising costs?

Consider this hypothetical sociology research proposal:

The Impact of Social Media Usage on Interpersonal Relationships among Young Adults

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effects of social media usage on interpersonal relationships among young adults, using a longitudinal mixed-methods approach with ongoing semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data.

Introduction: Social media platforms have become a key medium for the development of interpersonal relationships, particularly for young adults. This study examines the potential positive and negative effects of social media usage on young adults’ relationships and development over time.

Literature Review: A preliminary review of relevant literature has demonstrated that social media usage is central to development of a personal identity and relationships with others with similar subcultural interests. However, it has also been accompanied by data on mental health deline and deteriorating off-screen relationships. The literature is to-date lacking important longitudinal data on these topics.

Research Design and Methods: Participants ( n = 454 ) will be young adults aged 18-24. Ongoing self-report surveys will assess participants’ social media usage, relationship satisfaction, and communication patterns. A subset of participants will be selected for longitudinal in-depth interviews starting at age 18 and continuing for 5 years.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of five years, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide insights into the complex relationship between social media usage and interpersonal relationships among young adults, potentially informing social policies and mental health support related to social media use.

4. Nursing Research Proposals

Does Orthopaedic Pre-assessment clinic prepare the patient for admission to hospital?
Nurses’ perceptions and experiences of providing psychological care to burns patients
Registered psychiatric nurse’s practice with mentally ill parents and their children

Consider this hypothetical nursing research proposal:

The Influence of Nurse-Patient Communication on Patient Satisfaction and Health Outcomes following Emergency Cesarians

Abstract: This research will examines the impact of effective nurse-patient communication on patient satisfaction and health outcomes for women following c-sections, utilizing a mixed-methods approach with patient surveys and semi-structured interviews.

Introduction: It has long been known that effective communication between nurses and patients is crucial for quality care. However, additional complications arise following emergency c-sections due to the interaction between new mother’s changing roles and recovery from surgery.

Literature Review: A review of the literature demonstrates the importance of nurse-patient communication, its impact on patient satisfaction, and potential links to health outcomes. However, communication between nurses and new mothers is less examined, and the specific experiences of those who have given birth via emergency c-section are to date unexamined.

Research Design and Methods: Participants will be patients in a hospital setting who have recently had an emergency c-section. A self-report survey will assess their satisfaction with nurse-patient communication and perceived health outcomes. A subset of participants will be selected for in-depth interviews to explore their experiences and perceptions of the communication with their nurses.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including rolling recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing within the hospital.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the significance of nurse-patient communication in supporting new mothers who have had an emergency c-section. Recommendations will be presented for supporting nurses and midwives in improving outcomes for new mothers who had complications during birth.

5. Social Work Research Proposals

Experiences of negotiating employment and caring responsibilities of fathers post-divorce
Exploring kinship care in the north region of British Columbia

Consider this hypothetical social work research proposal:

The Role of a Family-Centered Intervention in Preventing Homelessness Among At-Risk Youthin a working-class town in Northern England

Abstract: This research proposal investigates the effectiveness of a family-centered intervention provided by a local council area in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth. This case study will use a mixed-methods approach with program evaluation data and semi-structured interviews to collect quantitative and qualitative data .

Introduction: Homelessness among youth remains a significant social issue. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in addressing this problem and identify factors that contribute to successful prevention strategies.

Literature Review: A review of the literature has demonstrated several key factors contributing to youth homelessness including lack of parental support, lack of social support, and low levels of family involvement. It also demonstrates the important role of family-centered interventions in addressing this issue. Drawing on current evidence, this study explores the effectiveness of one such intervention in preventing homelessness among at-risk youth in a working-class town in Northern England.

Research Design and Methods: The study will evaluate a new family-centered intervention program targeting at-risk youth and their families. Quantitative data on program outcomes, including housing stability and family functioning, will be collected through program records and evaluation reports. Semi-structured interviews with program staff, participants, and relevant stakeholders will provide qualitative insights into the factors contributing to program success or failure.

Timeline: The study will be conducted over a period of six months, including recruitment, data collection, analysis, and report writing.

Budget: Expenses include access to program evaluation data, interview materials, data analysis software, and any related travel costs for in-person interviews.

Expected Outcomes and Implications: This study aims to provide evidence for the effectiveness of family-centered interventions in preventing youth homelessness, potentially informing the expansion of or necessary changes to social work practices in Northern England.

Research Proposal Template

Get your Detailed Template for Writing your Research Proposal Here (With AI Prompts!)

This is a template for a 2500-word research proposal. You may find it difficult to squeeze everything into this wordcount, but it’s a common wordcount for Honors and MA-level dissertations.

Section	Checklist
Title	– Ensure the single-sentence title clearly states the study’s focus
Abstract (Words: 200)	– Briefly describe the research topicSummarize the research problem or question – Outline the research design and methods – Mention the expected outcomes and implications
Introduction (Words: 300)	– Introduce the research topic and its significance – Clearly state the research problem or question – Explain the purpose and objectives of the study – Provide a brief overview of
Literature Review (Words: 800)	– Gather the existing literature into themes and ket ideas – the themes and key ideas in the literature – Identify gaps or inconsistencies in the literature – Explain how the current study will contribute to the literature
Research Design and Methods (Words; 800)	– Describe the research paradigm (generally: positivism and interpretivism) – Describe the research design (e.g., qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods) – Explain the data collection methods (e.g., surveys, interviews, observations) – Detail the sampling strategy and target population – Outline the data analysis techniques (e.g., statistical analysis, thematic analysis) – Outline your validity and reliability procedures – Outline your intended ethics procedures – Explain the study design’s limitations and justify your decisions
Timeline (Single page table)	– Provide an overview of the research timeline – Break down the study into stages with specific timeframes (e.g., data collection, analysis, report writing) – Include any relevant deadlines or milestones
Budget (200 words)	– Estimate the costs associated with the research project – Detail specific expenses (e.g., materials, participant incentives, travel costs) – Include any necessary justifications for the budget items – Mention any funding sources or grant applications
Expected Outcomes and Implications (200 words)	– Summarize the anticipated findings or results of the study – Discuss the potential implications of the findings for theory, practice, or policy – Describe any possible limitations of the study

Your research proposal is where you really get going with your study. I’d strongly recommend working closely with your teacher in developing a research proposal that’s consistent with the requirements and culture of your institution, as in my experience it varies considerably. The above template is from my own courses that walk students through research proposals in a British School of Education.

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8 thoughts on “17 Research Proposal Examples”

Very excellent research proposals

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Very helpful

Dear Sir, I need some help to write an educational research proposal. Thank you.

Hi Levi, use the site search bar to ask a question and I’ll likely have a guide already written for your specific question. Thanks for reading!

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Research Proposal Topics for 2024: 200 Fresh Ideas

A research proposal is a concise plan outlining the research project's objectives, methods, and significance. It explains the research problem, reviews relevant literature, and details the methodology to be used, helping secure approval or funding for the project.

In this article, we’ve compiled a range of research proposal topics to help you get started and make the research process a bit less painful.

And if, after reading, you’re still feeling stuck, don’t worry. EssayService is here to help with any assignment or research needs, giving you the support you need to craft the perfect proposal.

Best Research Proposal Topics for 2024

You need something that’s relevant, interesting, and manageable enough to not overwhelm you halfway through. Luckily, 2024 offers a range of hot topics across tech, business management, the environment, and mental health that will keep your research both meaningful and engaging.

Here are five detailed research proposal topic ideas for 2024:

AI Ethics in Healthcare: Balancing Innovation and Patient Privacy With AI diagnosing and treating patients, privacy is a big concern. How do we balance innovation with protecting patient data? Your research can dig into real-world examples and suggest ways to keep things ethical.
Renewable Energy's Role in the Global Economy As we move toward green energy, what happens to economies that rely on oil and gas? This topic lets you explore how renewable energy reshapes jobs and industries—maybe even focus on a specific region to keep it manageable.
Mental Health in the Digital Age: Social Media’s Impact Everyone's glued to their screens, but what's that doing to our mental health? Explore how social media affects anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Surveys or interviews across different age groups could reveal a lot.
The Future of Remote Work Post-COVID-19 Remote work is here to stay. How will it impact productivity, work-life balance, and organizational culture long term? You could focus on how companies are adapting—or not.
The Evolution of Cryptocurrency Regulations Worldwide Crypto used to be the Wild West, but governments are catching up. Look into how different countries are regulating it and what that means for the future of digital currencies.

Extra Topics:

The Role of Microplastics in Oceanic Ecosystems
Sustainable Agriculture: Can Vertical Farming Feed Growing Populations?
Data Privacy and Cybersecurity in the Age of 5G
Gender Inequality in STEM Fields: Progress and Setbacks
Exploring the Rise of Online Learning: Benefits and Challenges

Information Technology Topics for Research Proposal

AI-Powered Cybersecurity: Enhancing Threat Detection With cyberattacks growing more sophisticated, traditional security can’t keep up. Research how AI predicts and stops threats, using real-world examples, or explore gaps where AI can improve.
Blockchain Beyond Cryptocurrency: Transforming Supply Chains Blockchain is revolutionizing supply chains, increasing transparency and reducing fraud. Study successful implementations and challenges like scalability.
Data Privacy in the Age of Big Data We generate massive data daily, but is it secure? Research how companies handle sensitive information, current regulations, and areas needing improvement.
Cloud Computing and Business Scalability Cloud computing allows businesses to scale without physical infrastructure. Explore how different industries benefit, potential risks, and future trends.
5G’s Role in Smart Cities 5G powers smart cities. Study its impact on urban planning, transportation, and data management, with a focus on privacy concerns.

Extra Research Questions:

Internet of Things (IoT) Security Challenges
Quantum Computing: Future Impacts on IT Infrastructure
Virtual Reality in Workplace Training and Development
Edge Computing vs. Cloud Computing: Pros and Cons
Ethical AI: Addressing Bias in Machine Learning Algorithms

Computer Science Research Proposal Topics

NLP in Human-Computer Interaction NLP is transforming interactions with machines, from chatbots to voice assistants. Focus on improving accuracy or address ethical concerns like language bias.
Quantum Cryptography: Securing Data Quantum computing threatens traditional encryption. Explore how quantum cryptography protects data and examine recent advancements.
Autonomous Systems and Machine Learning in Robotics Robots are learning to act without human input. Study how machine learning helps robots make real-time decisions and the challenges of full autonomy.
Algorithmic Bias in AI As AI use increases, so does algorithmic bias. Research methods to detect and reduce bias in systems used for hiring, policing, and finance.
Distributed Ledger Technology in Decentralized Applications DLTs like blockchain power decentralized apps (dApps). Study how DLTs improve security and transparency, with examples beyond cryptocurrency.
Deep Learning Optimization Techniques for Image Recognition
Adaptive Software Systems: Self-healing Applications
Swarm Intelligence in Multi-Agent Systems
Graph Theory Applications in Social Network Analysis
Developing Efficient Algorithms for Big Data Analytics

Business Research Proposal Ideas

ESG’s Impact on Investor Decisions ESG is gaining traction among investors. Study how companies with strong ESG ratings outperform others, focusing on sectors like tech or energy.
The Future of E-Commerce Post-COVID-19 E-commerce boomed during COVID-19. Explore changes in consumer behavior, supply chain challenges, or the rise of direct-to-consumer brands, focusing on a specific niche like fashion.
AI in Marketing: Personalization vs. Privacy AI personalizes ads, but at what privacy cost? Research how companies like Amazon balance targeted marketing and user data privacy.
CSR and Brand Loyalty Does CSR truly build loyalty, or is it just good marketing? Explore whether CSR initiatives translate to genuine customer connection through surveys or case studies.
The Gig Economy’s Impact on Business Models Freelancers and platforms like Uber are disrupting traditional work. Study how gig platforms reshape business models, focusing on a specific industry.
The Role of Digital Marketing in Small Business Growth
Employee Engagement Strategies in Remote Work Environments
Analyzing Consumer Trust in FinTech
Leadership Styles and Their Impact on Team Productivity
The Effect of Globalization on Local Markets

Economics Research Proposal Topics

The Impact of Global Trade Wars on Emerging Markets Trade wars can severely affect emerging economies. Examine how tariffs and sanctions affect developing countries, focusing on sectors like agriculture or manufacturing.
Cryptocurrency and Its Role in Inflation Control Cryptocurrencies are often seen as a hedge against inflation. Investigate how countries with high inflation rates, like Argentina, use crypto and whether it’s effective.
Income Inequality and Economic Growth: A Global Perspective Is income inequality stifling global growth? Study countries with high inequality to see if wealth gaps are hurting economic development, using real-world data to compare.
The Gig Economy's Effect on Wage Stagnation Freelancing is booming, but are wages keeping up? Research how the gig economy impacts wage stagnation, focusing on industries like ridesharing or delivery.
The Economics of Climate Change: Financial Costs of Inaction Climate change is expensive. Explore how inaction on climate policy could impact economies, focusing on industries like insurance or agriculture.
The Role of Microfinance in Poverty Reduction
Economic Impacts of the Global Aging Population
How Government Subsidies Affect Market Competition
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Its Impact on Local Economies
The Relationship Between Interest Rates and Housing Prices

International Relations Research Proposal Topics

How Migration Shapes National Security Policies Migration isn't just about movement; it's forcing countries to rethink border security. Learn how nations adjust policies as migration trends shift.
The Rise of Regional Superpowers Traditional superpowers aren’t the only players anymore. Look at how countries like India or Brazil are stepping up in trade, military, and diplomacy.
Cyber Diplomacy in Digital Warfare Countries are hacking each other, but how do they negotiate in this new space? Explore how nations handle cyber threats while keeping diplomacy alive.
Sanctions as Diplomatic Tools Sanctions can bring economies to their knees, but do they work politically? Research cases like Iran to see if sanctions achieve their goals.
Climate Change and Resource Conflicts Climate change is making resources scarce, sparking competition. Study how nations might clash over water, minerals, or farmland in the future.
How global pandemics reshape international alliances
Diplomatic strategies in handling refugee crises
The rise of populism in global politics
Media’s influence on international diplomacy
Foreign aid policies in post-conflict reconstruction

Management Research Proposal Topic Ideas

How Remote Work Is Reshaping Team Dynamics With remote work here to stay, teams are changing how they communicate and collaborate. Explore how managers are keeping teams connected and productive when everyone’s scattered across time zones.
Sustainability Practices in Modern Business Operations Going green isn’t just a trend—it’s becoming essential for businesses. Look into how companies are integrating sustainability into their day-to-day operations and whether it's driving real change or just PR.
Leadership in Crisis: Navigating Uncertainty Leaders show their true colors in tough times. Study how different leadership styles come through when businesses face crises, like economic downturns or sudden industry shifts.
The Push for Diversity in Corporate Culture Companies are talking a lot about diversity, but how are they actually making it happen? Research how businesses are rethinking hiring, promotions, and workplace policies to build more inclusive environments.
Data-Driven Decision Making in Management Big data is everywhere, but how do managers use it to make smarter decisions? Explore how data analytics is transforming the way leaders handle everything from budgeting to employee performance.
Employee motivation strategies in high-pressure environments
Conflict resolution techniques in the workplace
The rise of agile management in project development
Managing employee burnout in fast-paced industries
The role of mentorship in career development

MBA Research Proposal Topics

How Startups Are Disrupting Traditional Industries Startups are shaking up everything from finance to retail. Research how these small, agile companies are challenging established giants and forcing them to rethink their strategies.
Sustainability in Business: A Competitive Advantage? Going green can set companies apart in today’s market. Explore how businesses are leveraging sustainability to attract customers and stay ahead of the competition.
Digital Transformation in Large Corporations Big companies are racing to adopt new tech, but it’s not always smooth sailing. Look into how they’re handling digital transformation and the challenges they face, from legacy systems to employee resistance.
Customer Loyalty in the Age of E-commerce With so many online shopping options, how do businesses keep customers coming back? Explore strategies like loyalty programs, personalized marketing, and fast shipping to see what works.
The Shift to Remote Leadership Managing teams remotely is a whole new ball game. Research how leaders are adapting to virtual management, keeping teams motivated, and maintaining productivity without in-person contact.
Growth strategies for small businesses
Financial management during economic downturns
Innovation in product development cycles
Ethical challenges in multinational corporations
Marketing strategies for luxury brands in emerging markets

Environmental Research Proposal Topic Ideas

How Urbanization Is Changing Local Ecosystems As cities expand, local wildlife and plant life are facing big changes. Research how rapid urban growth is reshaping natural habitats and what’s being done to preserve biodiversity.
Sustainable Tourism: Balancing Growth and Conservation Tourism can bring money to local economies, but it can also harm the environment. Study how popular destinations are managing tourism while trying to protect their natural landscapes.
Plastic Waste Reduction Strategies in Coastal Cities Coastal areas face a huge challenge with plastic pollution. Explore what cities are doing to tackle plastic waste, from banning single-use plastics to launching cleanup initiatives.
Renewable Energy Adoption in Developing Countries Developing nations are shifting towards renewable energy, but it’s not always easy. Look into the challenges and successes of solar, wind, or hydropower projects in countries with limited resources.
Water Scarcity and Agricultural Practices With water becoming scarcer, farmers are under pressure to adapt. Research how agriculture is changing in drought-prone areas, focusing on techniques like drip irrigation or drought-resistant crops.
Forest conservation efforts in the Amazon
The rise of electric vehicles in urban transportation
Ocean cleanup technologies and their potential
The benefits of green building designs
Urban gardening as a solution for food security

Biology Research Proposal Topics

Animal Migration Shifts Due to Climate Change As the climate changes, animals are moving to new habitats. Research how species like birds or marine life are adjusting their migration routes.
CRISPR for Genetic Disease Prevention CRISPR is transforming gene editing. Study how it’s being used to prevent genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis, and dig into the ethical debates surrounding it.
Gut Microbiota and Mental Health Your gut health could be tied to your mental health. Explore how gut bacteria are linked to conditions like anxiety and depression, and what this means for future treatments.
Biodiversity Loss in Rainforests from Deforestation Deforestation is wiping out rainforest species. Look into the species being lost and what can be done to protect what's left.
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria Bacteria are getting stronger, making infections harder to treat. Study how antibiotic resistance is spreading and what new treatments could stop it.

Ordinary Topics:

Coral reef bleaching and marine ecosystem health
Advances in stem cell research for organ regeneration
Pollinator declines and food security
The genetics of aging in humans
How invasive species disrupt local ecosystems

Medical Research Proposal Topics

Telemedicine in Post-Pandemic Healthcare Telemedicine became a lifeline during the pandemic, but where is it headed now? Research how virtual care is shaping doctor-patient interactions and how it could improve healthcare access long-term.
The Rise of Personalized Medicine Treatments aren’t one-size-fits-all anymore. Learn how genetic profiling is allowing doctors to tailor treatments specifically for individual patients, especially in fields like oncology.
Mental Health Crisis Among Healthcare Workers Healthcare workers have been through a lot lately. Explore how burnout and mental health issues are rising in the profession and what can be done to support these essential workers.
Gene Therapy for Chronic Diseases Gene therapy is pushing boundaries in treating chronic diseases like muscular dystrophy. Study how these treatments are evolving and what challenges remain in bringing them to wider use.
The Future of Vaccine Development Vaccines are evolving fast. Research how new technologies, like mRNA vaccines, are reshaping the way we prevent diseases, and what this means for future outbreaks.
Antibiotic overuse and its consequences
Innovations in non-invasive surgery
Managing chronic pain without opioids
Nutritional deficiencies in aging populations
The rise of wearable health tech

Chemistry Research Proposal Topics

New Materials for Renewable Energy Storage The world needs better ways to store renewable energy. Dive into how innovative materials are being developed for batteries that can hold more power and last longer.
Green Chemistry in Reducing Plastic Waste Plastic waste is everywhere. Research how green chemistry is creating biodegradable alternatives that could help tackle our plastic pollution problem.
Drug Design and Nanotechnology Nanotechnology is changing drug design. Explore how nanoparticles are being used to deliver medications more precisely, improving treatments for diseases like cancer.
Chemical Recycling of Waste Materials Recycling isn’t just about sorting paper and plastic. Look into how chemical processes are breaking down waste materials into reusable raw components.
Water Purification Techniques Using Advanced Catalysts Access to clean water is a global challenge. Study how advanced catalysts are being used to develop more efficient water purification methods.
Innovations in organic solar cells
Sustainable agriculture through soil chemistry
Advances in polymer chemistry
CO2 capture techniques in environmental chemistry
The chemistry behind new antiviral drugs

History Research Proposal Topics

How the Silk Road Shaped Cultural Exchanges The Silk Road wasn’t just about trading goods. Explore how it connected civilizations, spreading ideas, art, and religion between the East and West.
Women's Roles in WWII Beyond the Frontlines Women didn’t just serve in factories or as nurses during WWII. Research their critical roles in espionage, codebreaking, and resistance movements across different countries.
The Fall of Empires: Lessons from the Roman and Ottoman Declines Great empires don’t last forever. Learn the reasons behind the fall of the Roman and Ottoman Empires, comparing their economic, military, and political struggles.
The Rise of Nationalism in 19th-Century Europe Nationalism transformed Europe in the 1800s. Study how this growing sense of national identity fueled revolutions, redraw borders, and created modern nations.
The Impact of the Printing Press on the Protestant Reformation The printing press didn’t just make books—it changed history. Examine how it helped spread Martin Luther’s ideas and accelerated the Protestant Reformation.
The cultural significance of the Harlem Renaissance
Colonialism’s long-term effects on African economies
The Cold War’s influence on space exploration
The causes of the American Civil War
The Industrial Revolution’s transformation of labor systems

Philosophy Research Proposal Topics

Ethics in Artificial Intelligence AI is developing fast, but how do we ensure it behaves ethically? Explore questions around creating moral machines, the responsibility of AI developers, and the potential risks of AI decision-making.
Free Will vs. Determinism in Modern Neuroscience Neuroscience challenges traditional ideas about free will. Dive into how brain studies are shaping the debate between free will and determinism, and what this means for personal responsibility.
The Philosophy of Happiness: Ancient vs. Modern Perspectives What does it mean to live a good life? Compare how ancient philosophers like Aristotle and modern thinkers view happiness, well-being, and fulfillment in life.
Existentialism and the Meaning of Life in a Secular World With fewer people turning to religion for answers, existentialist ideas about finding meaning in a meaningless universe are more relevant than ever. Explore how thinkers like Sartre and Camus approached life’s big questions.
Moral Relativism in a Globalized World In today’s interconnected world, cultures with different moral codes are constantly interacting. Research how moral relativism plays out in international politics, human rights, and cross-cultural ethics.
The role of ethics in environmental philosophy
Stoicism’s relevance in modern self-help culture
Political philosophy in democratic theory
The evolution of metaphysical thought through history
Kant’s categorical imperative in contemporary moral debates

Sociology Research Proposal Topics

Social Media and Its Connection to Modern Relationships Social media has transformed how we connect, date, and even break up. Explore how platforms like Instagram and Facebook are shaping modern relationships and whether these connections are truly authentic.
The Changing Face of Gender Roles in the Workplace Workplace dynamics are shifting, and gender roles are evolving. Research how traditional gender expectations are being challenged in various industries, and how this impacts career growth and job satisfaction.
Gentrification and Community Displacement As urban neighborhoods develop, long-time residents are often pushed out. Study how gentrification changes communities, focusing on the tensions between economic development and displacement of residents.
The Mental Health Crisis Among College Students Stress, anxiety, and depression are becoming more common among college students. Look into the pressures students face today and how universities are addressing mental health in a world of rising expectations.
Immigration and Cultural Identity in Multicultural Societies In multicultural societies, immigration shapes cultural identity in complex ways. Examine how individuals balance maintaining their cultural heritage with adapting to their new environment.

Extra Research Topic Ideas:

Social class and educational opportunities
The rise of digital activism
Family structures in modern society
Religion’s place in secular societies
The sociology of aging and elderly care systems

Psychology Research Proposal Topics

How Social Media Shapes Self-Esteem Scrolling through Instagram can make anyone feel a little inadequate. Explore how constant exposure to filtered lives on social media changes how people see themselves and their self-worth.
The Connection Between Sleep and Mental Health We all know sleep matters, but just how much does it tie into mental health? Study the relationship between poor sleep and conditions like anxiety or depression, and whether better sleep can improve overall well-being.
Childhood Trauma and Adult Relationships Early experiences stick with us. Look at how childhood trauma can influence the way people form relationships as adults, focusing on attachment styles and trust issues.
The Psychology Behind Procrastination Why do we put things off, even when we know we shouldn’t? Research the mental processes behind procrastination and what strategies might actually help people stop delaying important tasks.
The Rise of Mental Health Awareness in Younger Generations More young people are talking about mental health than ever before. Study why Gen Z is more open about mental health struggles and how this shift is changing the way society views therapy and self-care.
The connection between personality traits and job satisfaction
Effects of mindfulness on stress reduction
Memory retention and the impact of sleep deprivation
Influence of birth order on personality development
How music therapy aids emotional regulation

Education Research Proposal Topics

The Shift to Online Learning and Student Engagement Since schools moved online, keeping students engaged has become a challenge. Explore how different teaching methods work in virtual classrooms and what keeps students interested when they’re learning from a screen.
The Benefits of Bilingual Education in Early Childhood Learning a second language early can change how kids think. Research how bilingual education helps with cognitive development and whether it gives children an edge in problem-solving and creativity.
How Standardized Testing Shapes Student Motivation Tests are everywhere in education, but do they motivate students or stress them out? Study how standardized testing changes students' drive to learn, and whether it pushes them to achieve or makes them dread school.
Teacher Burnout in the Modern Classroom Teaching has become more demanding, and burnout is real. Look into the reasons why so many teachers are feeling overwhelmed and what schools can do to help keep educators passionate and healthy.
The Rise of Inclusive Education for Students with Disabilities More schools are focusing on inclusion for students with disabilities. Research how classrooms are adapting to accommodate different learning needs and whether inclusive practices improve the overall learning environment.
The benefits of project-based learning
Homework's impact on student well-being
Technology’s place in modern classrooms
The connection between class size and student performance
How parental involvement shapes academic success

Qualitative Research Proposal Topics

The Experiences of Remote Workers Balancing Family Life and Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Perceptions of Gender Inequality Among Female Tech Professionals in Male-Dominated Industries
How Social Media Influences Self-Perception and Body Image Among Teenagers: A Study of Instagram and TikTok Use
Challenges Faced by First-Generation College Students in Navigating Academic Expectations and Family Responsibilities
The Emotional and Social Adjustments of Immigrants Assimilating to a New Culture While Retaining Their Heritage
Parental Perspectives on Homeschooling During the Pandemic and Its Long-Term Implications on Child Development
Sustainability Choices: Why Some Consumers Adopt Eco-Friendly Habits While Others Struggle to Change
Perceptions of Mental Health Stigma Among Rural Populations Seeking Therapy and Support Services
The Emotional Benefits of Listening to Music: How People Use Music to Cope with Stress and Anxiety
Perspectives on Digital Learning Tools: How Teachers Adapted to Remote Teaching and the Challenges They Faced

Quantitative Research Proposal Ideas

Examining the Relationship Between Sleep Patterns and Academic Performance in College Students
Statistical Analysis of Social Media Usage and Its Connection to Anxiety and Depression in Teenagers
A Study of Employee Productivity Before and After the Implementation of Remote Work Policies
Analyzing the Effects of Physical Exercise on Stress Levels Among Working Adults Using Survey Data
Measuring the Impact of Financial Literacy Programs on Personal Savings Rates Among Low-Income Households
Correlation Between Screen Time and Attention Span in School-Aged Children
A Comparative Study of Test Scores in Schools Using Traditional vs. Project-Based Learning Approaches
Surveying Public Attitudes Toward Electric Vehicles and How They Relate to Purchase Decisions
The Relationship Between Dietary Habits and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults
Analysis of Gender Pay Gap Trends in Different Sectors Over the Last Decade

Good Research Proposal Topics for Students

The Relationship Between Social Media Usage and Academic Performance Among High School Students
Exploring the Connection Between Physical Exercise and Mental Health in College Students
The Effects of Climate Change Education on Student Attitudes Toward Environmental Conservation
A Study of Time Management Techniques and Their Outcomes on Academic Success in University Students
How Access to Technology Impacts Learning Outcomes in Low-Income Schools
The Link Between Sleep Deprivation and Cognitive Function in High-Performing Students
Examining Gender Stereotypes in STEM Education and Career Choices Among Students
The Influence of Extracurricular Activities on Student Social Skills and Academic Achievement
The Impact of Remote Learning on Student Motivation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The Role of Financial Literacy in Shaping Career Choices Among Business Students

Interesting Research Proposal Topics for Students

How Social Media Algorithms Shape Political Opinions Among Young Adults
The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Practices in Reducing Stress Levels in College Students
The Rise of E-Sports: Can Competitive Gaming Be a Viable Career Path for Students?
Exploring the Psychological Effects of Cancel Culture on Social Media Users
The Environmental Benefits of Urban Farming in College Campuses
A Study of Virtual Reality’s Potential in Enhancing Educational Engagement
The Connection Between Music Preferences and Academic Performance in High School Students
How Video Games Influence Problem-Solving Skills in Adolescents
The Influence of Celebrity Endorsements on Sustainable Fashion Choices Among Students
Exploring the Impact of Pet Ownership on Student Well-Being and Academic Success

Finding the perfect research proposal ideas can feel like a lot, right? Popular topics like AI ethics, mental health in the digital world, renewable energy, and gender inequality in STEM are great places to start — they’re relevant and interesting.

But let’s be real: sometimes, even with all these options, it’s hard to get the ball rolling. If you're still unsure about your research topic or need help with your proposal, EssayService has your back. Whether you need guidance or full-on support, they’ve got you covered.

Frequently asked questions

Which topic is best for a research proposal, how to write a topic proposal for a research paper, what is the best topic for a research proposal in education.

University of Guelph Library. (n.d.). Research proposal guide . University of Guelph. https://guides.lib.uoguelph.ca/ResearchProposal
UC San Diego. (n.d.). Research proposal guidelines . UC San Diego. https://students.ucsd.edu/_files/aep/research-proposal-guidelines-13.pdf
McGill University. (n.d.). Proposals and progress tracking . McGill University. https://www.mcgill.ca/gps/students/progress-tracking/proposals

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How to Craft a Strong Research Proposal: A Step-by-Step Guide for Graduate Students

Introduction.

A research proposal is more than just a formality—it’s a blueprint for your entire project. Whether you’re applying for funding, pitching a dissertation idea, or outlining your research goals, crafting a compelling proposal is essential. But where do you start, and how do you ensure your proposal stands out? At WritersER, we’ve guided countless graduate students through the process of writing strong research proposals that get results. This step-by-step guide will help you create a clear, well-organized, and persuasive research proposal.

Understand the Purpose of a Research Proposal

Before diving into the writing process, it’s important to understand the purpose of a research proposal. Essentially, it’s your chance to outline your research questions, demonstrate the relevance of your project, and convince others—whether that’s a committee, funding organization, or academic department—why your research is valuable.

What a Research Proposal Should Do:

Clearly define your research question or hypothesis.

Explain why your research is important.

Show how you plan to conduct your research, including methodologies and resources needed.

Demonstrate how your research fits into existing literature and fills gaps in knowledge.

Structuring Your Research Proposal

A well-structured proposal is crucial to making a strong impression. While the exact structure may vary depending on your institution or field of study, most research proposals follow a similar format.

Key Sections of a Research Proposal:

Your introduction should succinctly introduce your research topic, explain its significance, and present your research question or hypothesis. Keep it clear and concise—this is where you hook your reader’s interest.

Tip: Start by framing your research in the context of a broader issue or problem, then narrow down to your specific question.

Literature Review

The literature review demonstrates that you’ve done your homework. Summarize existing research related to your topic, highlight gaps or limitations in the literature, and explain how your research will address these gaps.

Tip: Use your literature review to show that your research is not only relevant but also original.

Research Methodology

This section is where you outline how you plan to conduct your research. Describe the methods you’ll use (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed), your data collection process, and how you’ll analyze your findings. Be as specific as possible.

Tip: If applicable, mention any tools, equipment, or technology you’ll need, as well as any ethical considerations.

Research Plan and Timeline

Include a clear, realistic timeline for your research. Break it down by key milestones, such as data collection, analysis, and writing. This shows that you’ve thought about the practicalities of your project.

Tip: Ensure your timeline is achievable within the scope of your program or funding period.

Expected Outcomes and Impact

What do you hope to achieve with your research? In this section, outline the potential outcomes of your study and the impact it could have on your field. Whether you aim to inform policy, advance theoretical understanding, or improve practices, make it clear why your research matters.

Tip: Avoid over-promising—focus on achievable outcomes that you can realistically deliver.

Wrap up your proposal by summarizing the key points and reiterating why your research is valuable. This is your last chance to convince your reader, so make sure your conclusion is strong and leaves an impression.

Writing with Clarity and Precision

Your proposal needs to be more than just technically sound—it should also be well-written. Proposals that are unclear or overly complicated can confuse readers, diminishing the impact of your ideas.

Tip: Keep your language clear, concise, and free of unnecessary jargon. If you have to use technical terms, explain them to ensure all readers can understand your proposal.

Tip: Avoid lengthy paragraphs. Break up your text into digestible sections, and use headings and bullet points to improve readability.

Addressing Common Challenges in Research Proposals

Many students struggle with certain aspects of writing research proposals. Here are some common challenges and how to overcome them:

Narrowing Down Your Research Question

A common mistake is being too broad with your research question. Focus on one specific issue or aspect of your topic rather than trying to cover everything.

Solution: Ask yourself, “What’s the one thing I want to discover or contribute to my field?” Use this focus to narrow your question.

Justifying the Significance of Your Research

It’s not enough to be passionate about your topic—you need to convince others why it matters. Look for practical applications of your research or ways it can contribute to current debates in your field.

Solution: Highlight the potential impact your research could have on policy, practice, or future research.

Managing the Literature Review

With so much research available, it’s easy to get overwhelmed during the literature review process. You may find it difficult to decide which studies to include and how to synthesize the information.

Solution: Focus on identifying key themes and gaps in the literature, rather than summarizing every study. Your goal is to show how your research builds on or diverges from existing work.

Reviewing and Revising Your Proposal

Once you’ve written your draft, it’s essential to take time to review and revise. Even if you feel confident, a fresh pair of eyes can often spot issues you may have missed.

Tip: Ask a peer, mentor, or advisor to review your proposal and provide feedback.

Tip: Make sure you’ve checked for consistency in formatting, grammar, and citations. A polished, professional proposal is always more convincing.

Conclusion: Set Your Research Up for Success

Writing a strong research proposal is the first step toward a successful project. By defining a clear research question, conducting a thorough literature review, and detailing your methodology, you’ll set yourself up for success from the start. At WritersER, we’re here to support you through every step of the research process, from developing your proposal to finalizing your thesis or dissertation.

Need help crafting a compelling research proposal? Join the WritersER community today for personalized coaching and expert advice. Click here to get started!

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List of Great Topics for Research Proposals

Table of Contents

Writing a research proposal is no small task, but it’s an invaluable step in determining the success of your project. Choosing interesting and impactful topics for research proposals can be overwhelming for students.

Whether you are looking for ideas within your field or across disciplines, this article will provide insight into great topics for research proposals. We’ll discuss the importance of choosing the right topic and showcase some inspiring topic ideas to get you started.

What Is a Research Proposal?

A research proposal is a document that outlines an idea for a project, usually academic in nature, and seeks funding or approval . It can include a concise overview of the proposed study. It also details the methodology, resources needed, expected outcomes, and how results will be used.

A good research proposal must demonstrate the importance of the project’s scope and make a persuasive argument for why it should be undertaken.

Why Is a Research Proposal Topic so Significant?

A research proposal topic is crucial because it is the foundation for a meaningful project. A good research proposal topic should be interesting, relevant to current conversations in the field, and focused. It should clearly define what the researcher plans to investigate and analyze.

Furthermore, the topic should contain novelty; it should bring something new that hasn’t been previously addressed or discussed. It should also pose an answerable question and have enough material available to comprehensively explore the issue.

Ultimately, a practical research proposal topic must be academically sound and clearly articulated, so others can easily understand its implications.

Great Topics for Research Proposals

A good research proposal topic can make or break your paper, so it’s essential to choose one carefully. When selecting a research proposal topic, you should consider what interests you most and what would be the best fit for your assignment.

Below are some great topics for research proposals on various subjects:

Business Research Proposal Topics

Analyze the effects of automation on small businesses
Examine the implications of working long hours in the workplace
Discuss proven approaches for successful business operations
Explore effective marketing strategies for various kinds of businesses
Share creative tactics to make an impactful sales pitch
Investigate the steps to transition into a new organizational culture
Explore the implications of adopting digitalized operations in businesses
Analyze the economic consequences caused by COVID-19. pandemic on businesses
Delineate how virtual reality can be a potential game-changer for customers
Evaluate the effect of digital technology on business processes

Marketing Research Proposal Topics

Investigate how influencer marketing has shaped the fashion industry.
Explore the various marketing techniques utilized across different cultures.
Analyze and discuss global marketing blunders.
Research the strategies employed to capitalize on impulsive buying habits.
Establish the importance of creating a unified brand identity.
Determine whether or not gamification can be effectively used as a marketing tool.
Evaluate advertising analytics and examine cutting-edge marketing innovations.
Critically analyze the effectiveness of influencer marketing campaigns.
Analyze the Connection Between Brand Awareness and Repeat Purchases.
Explore Consumers’ Emotional Reactions to Brand Promotion Campaigns

Law Research Proposal Topics

Investigate Strategies to Curtail Human Trafficking Cases in Developing Countries
Analyze the Role of Media Coverage in Crime Perpetuation
Evaluate the Effectiveness of Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
Analyze the Relevance of Criminal Procedure Rules in Contemporary Society.
Assess Legal Frameworks for Cybersecurity Liability and Compliance
Delineate Taxation Guidelines for International Corporate Investments
Investigate the Development and Transformation of International Trade Regulations.
Examine the Relationship between Immigration Law and Domestic Terrorism
Examine the Ramifications of Data Protection Policies in a Digital Age
Assess the Efficiency of Sexual Harassment Laws in Practice.

Research Proposal Topics on Education

Examine the Impact of Art Education on Early Learning Outcomes
Explore Teacher Retention Strategies in Low-Income Schools
Assess the Influence of Technology on Students’ Academic Performance
Analyze the Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Student Achievement
Investigate the Effectiveness of Online Learning Platforms
Examine Implications of Inequitable School Funding Sources
Analyze the Role of Educational Institutions in Social Cohesion
Evaluate the Benefits of Universal Pre-Kindergarten Programs
Compare traditional and innovative classroom models
Analyze Curriculum Differentiation in International Schools

IT & Computer Science Research Proposal Topics

Explore the Impact of AI-Powered Cybersecurity Solutions on Data Protection
Assess the potential hazards of implementing smart home devices.
Investigate Machine Learning Approaches to Enhancing E-Commerce Experience
Assess Blockchain Technology’s Potential as a Regulatory Compliance Tool
Evaluate Cloud Computing as an Effective Platform for Storage, Hosting, and Application Deployment
Analyze how Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality transform students’ learning outcomes
Examine the Utility of Voice Recognition Software in Streamlining Digital Interactions
Unearthing Artificial Intelligence Strategies for Implementing Autonomous Vehicles
Analyze Augmented Reality Technologies in Revolutionizing Online Shopping Experiences
Delineate 5G Network Connectivity in Revitalizing Modern Communication Infrastructure

A research proposal is an important document that outlines the key points of a research project . You must choose an interesting and relevant topic for your research proposal to help you succeed with your project.

The topics chosen must deal with current societal issues, examine the importance of certain aspects, or offer new insights into existing problems. As a starting point, this article provides a list of research proposal topics from a variety of disciplines.

List of Great Topics for Research Proposals

Abir Ghenaiet

Abir is a data analyst and researcher. Among her interests are artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing. As a humanitarian and educator, she actively supports women in tech and promotes diversity.

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How to Write a Research Proposal: (with Examples & Templates)

Table of Contents

Before conducting a study, a research proposal should be created that outlines researchers’ plans and methodology and is submitted to the concerned evaluating organization or person. Creating a research proposal is an important step to ensure that researchers are on track and are moving forward as intended. A research proposal can be defined as a detailed plan or blueprint for the proposed research that you intend to undertake. It provides readers with a snapshot of your project by describing what you will investigate, why it is needed, and how you will conduct the research.

Your research proposal should aim to explain to the readers why your research is relevant and original, that you understand the context and current scenario in the field, have the appropriate resources to conduct the research, and that the research is feasible given the usual constraints.

This article will describe in detail the purpose and typical structure of a research proposal , along with examples and templates to help you ace this step in your research journey.

What is a Research Proposal ?

A research proposal¹ ,² can be defined as a formal report that describes your proposed research, its objectives, methodology, implications, and other important details. Research proposals are the framework of your research and are used to obtain approvals or grants to conduct the study from various committees or organizations. Consequently, research proposals should convince readers of your study’s credibility, accuracy, achievability, practicality, and reproducibility.

With research proposals , researchers usually aim to persuade the readers, funding agencies, educational institutions, and supervisors to approve the proposal. To achieve this, the report should be well structured with the objectives written in clear, understandable language devoid of jargon. A well-organized research proposal conveys to the readers or evaluators that the writer has thought out the research plan meticulously and has the resources to ensure timely completion.

Purpose of Research Proposals

A research proposal is a sales pitch and therefore should be detailed enough to convince your readers, who could be supervisors, ethics committees, universities, etc., that what you’re proposing has merit and is feasible . Research proposals can help students discuss their dissertation with their faculty or fulfill course requirements and also help researchers obtain funding. A well-structured proposal instills confidence among readers about your ability to conduct and complete the study as proposed.

Research proposals can be written for several reasons:³

To describe the importance of research in the specific topic
Address any potential challenges you may encounter
Showcase knowledge in the field and your ability to conduct a study
Apply for a role at a research institute
Convince a research supervisor or university that your research can satisfy the requirements of a degree program
Highlight the importance of your research to organizations that may sponsor your project
Identify implications of your project and how it can benefit the audience

What Goes in a Research Proposal?

Research proposals should aim to answer the three basic questions—what, why, and how.

The What question should be answered by describing the specific subject being researched. It should typically include the objectives, the cohort details, and the location or setting.

The Why question should be answered by describing the existing scenario of the subject, listing unanswered questions, identifying gaps in the existing research, and describing how your study can address these gaps, along with the implications and significance.

The How question should be answered by describing the proposed research methodology, data analysis tools expected to be used, and other details to describe your proposed methodology.

Research Proposal Example

Here is a research proposal sample template (with examples) from the University of Rochester Medical Center. 4 The sections in all research proposals are essentially the same although different terminology and other specific sections may be used depending on the subject.

Structure of a Research Proposal

If you want to know how to make a research proposal impactful, include the following components:¹

1. Introduction

This section provides a background of the study, including the research topic, what is already known about it and the gaps, and the significance of the proposed research.

2. Literature review

This section contains descriptions of all the previous relevant studies pertaining to the research topic. Every study cited should be described in a few sentences, starting with the general studies to the more specific ones. This section builds on the understanding gained by readers in the Introduction section and supports it by citing relevant prior literature, indicating to readers that you have thoroughly researched your subject.

3. Objectives

Once the background and gaps in the research topic have been established, authors must now state the aims of the research clearly. Hypotheses should be mentioned here. This section further helps readers understand what your study’s specific goals are.

4. Research design and methodology

Here, authors should clearly describe the methods they intend to use to achieve their proposed objectives. Important components of this section include the population and sample size, data collection and analysis methods and duration, statistical analysis software, measures to avoid bias (randomization, blinding), etc.

5. Ethical considerations

This refers to the protection of participants’ rights, such as the right to privacy, right to confidentiality, etc. Researchers need to obtain informed consent and institutional review approval by the required authorities and mention this clearly for transparency.

6. Budget/funding

Researchers should prepare their budget and include all expected expenditures. An additional allowance for contingencies such as delays should also be factored in.

7. Appendices

This section typically includes information that supports the research proposal and may include informed consent forms, questionnaires, participant information, measurement tools, etc.

8. Citations

Important Tips for Writing a Research Proposal

Writing a research proposal begins much before the actual task of writing. Planning the research proposal structure and content is an important stage, which if done efficiently, can help you seamlessly transition into the writing stage. 3,5

The Planning Stage

Manage your time efficiently. Plan to have the draft version ready at least two weeks before your deadline and the final version at least two to three days before the deadline.
What is the primary objective of your research?
Will your research address any existing gap?
What is the impact of your proposed research?
Do people outside your field find your research applicable in other areas?
If your research is unsuccessful, would there still be other useful research outcomes?

The Writing Stage

Create an outline with main section headings that are typically used.
Focus only on writing and getting your points across without worrying about the format of the research proposal , grammar, punctuation, etc. These can be fixed during the subsequent passes. Add details to each section heading you created in the beginning.
Ensure your sentences are concise and use plain language. A research proposal usually contains about 2,000 to 4,000 words or four to seven pages.
Don’t use too many technical terms and abbreviations assuming that the readers would know them. Define the abbreviations and technical terms.
Ensure that the entire content is readable. Avoid using long paragraphs because they affect the continuity in reading. Break them into shorter paragraphs and introduce some white space for readability.
Focus on only the major research issues and cite sources accordingly. Don’t include generic information or their sources in the literature review.
Proofread your final document to ensure there are no grammatical errors so readers can enjoy a seamless, uninterrupted read.
Use academic, scholarly language because it brings formality into a document.
Ensure that your title is created using the keywords in the document and is neither too long and specific nor too short and general.
Cite all sources appropriately to avoid plagiarism.
Make sure that you follow guidelines, if provided. This includes rules as simple as using a specific font or a hyphen or en dash between numerical ranges.
Ensure that you’ve answered all questions requested by the evaluating authority.

Key Takeaways

Here’s a summary of the main points about research proposals discussed in the previous sections:

A research proposal is a document that outlines the details of a proposed study and is created by researchers to submit to evaluators who could be research institutions, universities, faculty, etc.
Research proposals are usually about 2,000-4,000 words long, but this depends on the evaluating authority’s guidelines.
A good research proposal ensures that you’ve done your background research and assessed the feasibility of the research.
Research proposals have the following main sections—introduction, literature review, objectives, methodology, ethical considerations, and budget.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. How is a research proposal evaluated?

A1. In general, most evaluators, including universities, broadly use the following criteria to evaluate research proposals . 6

Significance —Does the research address any important subject or issue, which may or may not be specific to the evaluator or university?
Content and design —Is the proposed methodology appropriate to answer the research question? Are the objectives clear and well aligned with the proposed methodology?
Sample size and selection —Is the target population or cohort size clearly mentioned? Is the sampling process used to select participants randomized, appropriate, and free of bias?
Timing —Are the proposed data collection dates mentioned clearly? Is the project feasible given the specified resources and timeline?
Data management and dissemination —Who will have access to the data? What is the plan for data analysis?

Q2. What is the difference between the Introduction and Literature Review sections in a research proposal ?

A2. The Introduction or Background section in a research proposal sets the context of the study by describing the current scenario of the subject and identifying the gaps and need for the research. A Literature Review, on the other hand, provides references to all prior relevant literature to help corroborate the gaps identified and the research need.

Q3. How long should a research proposal be?

A3. Research proposal lengths vary with the evaluating authority like universities or committees and also the subject. Here’s a table that lists the typical research proposal lengths for a few universities.


	Arts programs	1,000-1,500
University of Birmingham	Law School programs	2,500
	PhD	2,500
		2,000
	Research degrees	2,000-3,500

Q4. What are the common mistakes to avoid in a research proposal ?

A4. Here are a few common mistakes that you must avoid while writing a research proposal . 7

No clear objectives: Objectives should be clear, specific, and measurable for the easy understanding among readers.
Incomplete or unconvincing background research: Background research usually includes a review of the current scenario of the particular industry and also a review of the previous literature on the subject. This helps readers understand your reasons for undertaking this research because you identified gaps in the existing research.
Overlooking project feasibility: The project scope and estimates should be realistic considering the resources and time available.
Neglecting the impact and significance of the study: In a research proposal , readers and evaluators look for the implications or significance of your research and how it contributes to the existing research. This information should always be included.
Unstructured format of a research proposal : A well-structured document gives confidence to evaluators that you have read the guidelines carefully and are well organized in your approach, consequently affirming that you will be able to undertake the research as mentioned in your proposal.
Ineffective writing style: The language used should be formal and grammatically correct. If required, editors could be consulted, including AI-based tools such as Paperpal , to refine the research proposal structure and language.

Thus, a research proposal is an essential document that can help you promote your research and secure funds and grants for conducting your research. Consequently, it should be well written in clear language and include all essential details to convince the evaluators of your ability to conduct the research as proposed.

This article has described all the important components of a research proposal and has also provided tips to improve your writing style. We hope all these tips will help you write a well-structured research proposal to ensure receipt of grants or any other purpose.

References

Sudheesh K, Duggappa DR, Nethra SS. How to write a research proposal? Indian J Anaesth. 2016;60(9):631-634. Accessed July 15, 2024. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5037942/
Writing research proposals. Harvard College Office of Undergraduate Research and Fellowships. Harvard University. Accessed July 14, 2024. https://uraf.harvard.edu/apply-opportunities/app-components/essays/research-proposals
What is a research proposal? Plus how to write one. Indeed website. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/research-proposal
Research proposal template. University of Rochester Medical Center. Accessed July 16, 2024. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/MediaLibraries/URMCMedia/pediatrics/research/documents/Research-proposal-Template.pdf
Tips for successful proposal writing. Johns Hopkins University. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://research.jhu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Tips-for-Successful-Proposal-Writing.pdf
Formal review of research proposals. Cornell University. Accessed July 18, 2024. https://irp.dpb.cornell.edu/surveys/survey-assessment-review-group/research-proposals
7 Mistakes you must avoid in your research proposal. Aveksana (via LinkedIn). Accessed July 17, 2024. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/7-mistakes-you-must-avoid-your-research-proposal-aveksana-cmtwf/

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200+ Research Proposal Topics

Published by Boni on June 29, 2022 June 29, 2022

What is a Research Proposal?

A research proposal is one of the essential elements of your academic career. It is a document that outlines the purpose, methodology, and results of your upcoming study. Research proposals have specific requirements concerning formatting, length, and information that must be included to be considered. Failure to follow these guidelines will likely result in rejection.

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Key Sections of a Research Proposal

When coming up with research proposal topics, you ought to know what to include in the proposal- understand the key elements that should go into your proposal. The key sections to have are:

Title – Give your topic an attention-grabbing title. The title should be concise to state your intent.
Abstract – This brief summary of your topic is written in two or three paragraphs. It should be informative and easy to read. Do not include citations or quotations in the abstract. State your purpose, methods, results, and conclusions.
Table of contents – This section of the proposal is a list of the different sections of your proposal. It is a guide to your readers as they read through your paper.
Introduction – In this part of your proposal, you ought to hook your readers’ interest. You may choose to use a question or state what the problem is in the introduction. This is also where you introduce your topic and explain how you will address it within the study.
Literature review – In this section, you should discuss the history of research in your chosen topic, review related studies that have been done that are related to your study, and give an overview of the current literature on your topic.
Objectives of the proposal – This section is where you state what you wish to study, explain why it is necessary or interesting, and tell the reader why your study will be important.
Methodology – Here, you should describe how you accomplished your study and what procedures were used in conducting it. Provide details on sample size and selection techniques; also include variables being tested and measurements used in data collection.
Scope of the research – Discuss the limitations of your study, including the length of time for data collection, testing procedures, and sample size.
Limitations of the research proposal – This section is where you describe any limitations that might be associated with your study. Include as much detail as possible.
Significance of the research – Summarize what will be gained by your study and why it was necessary to conduct it. This section should affect the reader and make them want to read on.
Conclusion – Here, you should summarize your research and discuss the implications of your findings. What do they tell us about how we should do our jobs?
References – This is where you list the sources from which you got information for your study.
Appendices – This is where you include tables and charts that are related to your topic.

How to Select the Best Research Proposal Topic

It would help if you found a brilliant research topic to develop the perfect research proposal. But how do you create the best research topic? Here’s how:

Ask questions – Research proposal topics are often based on a problem that must be solved. Ask yourself what questions need answers.
Question the question – Make sure you can answer the question in your research proposal and that the answer will be meaningful.
Put it in context – Decide if your question has implications for other areas of study, and be sure to find out if there are other researches on the topic.
Have realistic expectations – Don’t try to tackle everything at once. Choose a precise topic and narrow down your focus as much as possible.
Let your curiosity lead you – Attending conferences, seminars, workshops, or reading articles in trade journals may give you insights into areas of study that interest you or where there may be gaps in existing knowledge that need investigating.

By doing these, you are sure to come up with a killer research topic for your proposal.

What is Topic Selection?

Topic selection is a critical part of writing a good research proposal. It is the first step in writing a proposal. You should select your topic very carefully, as it will help you complete the entire paper. Here are some tips to help you in selecting your topic:

Your topic should be simple.
Your topic should be interesting.
Your topic must be attractive to outside readers of your paper.
You should well research your topic.

Below are brilliant examples of research proposal topics.

Psychology Research Proposal Topics

These are the psychology research proposal ideas you can work on. Psychology is a broad topic meaning there is a wide range of research ideas. Below are some of the impressive psychology topics you can cover:

REM sleep psychology.
How to control aggression in street demonstrations.
How the society models our behavior.
Anger psychology.
Differences and similarities between cataplexy and sleep paralysis.
Impacts of ignoring emotional needs in children when they grow up.
The balance between restraining factors and criminal intentions.
Causes of dehumanization in the Stanford prisoner experiment
The role played by unfamiliar environment in Milgram’s shock experiment
Measures of controlling aggression during street demonstrations
Conformity, compliance, and obedience as a function of social status
Physiological differences in brains determined by gender
Consequences of following continuous sleep disruption at the REM phase
An analysis of memory and cognitive processes in a patient with retrograde amnesia
Factors contributing to multiple personality disorder onset
Top social factors and life events endangering mental health in the US population
Symptoms and impact of ADHD on life quality
Environmental factors role in triggering depression
How much discipline is enough for harmonious development of a child’s personality?
Midlife crisis in men and women: similarities and differences
Child abuse as the causative factor for multiple psychological afflictions in later life
Impact of ignoring a child’s emotional needs on adult life
What impact does self-worth perception have on academic achievement?
Consequences of bullying in school on self-perception
How much study effort is ok for different ages?
Does a no-homework policy (like in Finland) have positive effects on student performance? Is such a model applicable to the US?

Criminal Justice Research Proposal Topics

Here you can choose the topic of your criminal justice research proposal. The criminal justice world is full of research proposal ideas you can work on. Examples may include:

The effects of various factors on the re-offense rate among the elderly in the prison system.
The findings and implications of combining the human factors engineering approach with a sociological approach to studying human behavior.
The effects of probation and parole at different stages.
Sex offenders and their families: Causes, consequences, and treatment.
How do high schools prevent teenage pregnancy?
How mass media and social media influence crimes
Solving violence in prisons
Political science
The relationship between police and people of different backgrounds.
Ethical and legal issues in international intervention
The impact of prison on children of incarcerated individuals
How mandatory minimum sentences hurt or help
How Can Economic Crimes Be Reduced?
Gun Control Debate
Human Trafficking Combat Methods
Power Abuse Among Police Officers Analysis

Sociology Research Proposal Topics

Sociology is a vast topic. You can write about various sociology topics, including social justice, human behavior, and so on. Below are some of the exciting topics you can write on sociology:

How can a slight policy change affect small environments?
What are the causes of crime, and how can it be resolved?
Why do people offend? This includes how people react to offense and how it affects the individual.
How does a person get into criminality?
How are the disabled treated in society?
Gender profiling today
Causes and consequences of early marriage
Sexuality in Disney movies
Does the human race define welfare?
Is emotional intelligence as important as they say?
Are men better professionals than women, or is it just a stereotype?
Causes and results of abusive marriages
Should same-sex couples be allowed to adopt kids?
Does homeschooling affect the quality of education?
Does homeschooling hinder the socialization of children ?

Criminology Research Proposal Topics

Criminology is a broad topic. You can write about many subjects in Criminology, such as crime, punishment, justice, etc. Below are some of the exciting topics you can handle in Criminology:

How does punishment work in the United States?
Different forms of punishment and how they are carried out
Different types of crimes and their effects.
The stages to crime evaluation and also the stages to rehabilitation.
The effects of crime in society today and how we can prevent it from happening again.
Personality traits that trigger criminal behavior.
Community deterioration and crime rates.
Does experimental criminology affect social policy?
Families and Crime.
Child Sexual Abuse.
Education and Criminal activities
How religion influences delinquent activities
Fingerprints and it’s meaning in investigation.
Crimes in the sphere of computer information: criminological analysis of the offender’s identity.
The concept and characteristics of crime among juvenile and youth.
Preventive activities of investigative agency in the process of detection and investigation of crimes.
The ethical basics of police activities in a modern society.
Criminality among women: characteristics and prevention.
Domestic crime and methods of it prevention.
Criminological problems preventing robbery.
Stages and methods of criminology research.
Victims and social consequences of crimes.

Educational Research Proposal Topics

Education is a broad topic, and countless things are happening globally. This means you can discover new perspectives that are appealing to talk about. The following are some great ideas for research proposal topics you can write in the Education field.

How playing and fun help kids grow properly
Effects of violence in games and movies on education.
How can students and teachers work together to improve education?
How to tackle courses you don’t like.
Is it really necessary to have sex education?
Social learning and how it affects education
How Psychology Can Help Improve Education
Why Education Should Teach us More About Our Health
Best Studying Methods for Students
Does Family Impact The Level of Education a Kid Will Achieve?
Distant education in the era of COVID-19 pandemic
The role of technology in distant learning
Student-student communication in distance education
How can career counseling support high school students?
How does Race to the Top program affect students’ outcomes?
The effect of outcomes-based education on children’s mental health
How to prevent students from being distracted by smartphones?
Do virtual classrooms lack a personal connection between students and teachers?
Is the whole brain teaching method effective for college students?
How can teachers ‘protect’ their students from procrastinating?
Should Autism be considered an illness?

Early Childhood Development Research Proposal Topics

The development of children is influenced by both nurture and nature. In addition to the genes acquired from their parents, child development is affected by the home environment, parenting, and early experiences. Here are some of the childhood development proposal topics you can write about.

How children grow and change in their first 12 years
The cognitive, emotional, and social aspects of childhood development and growth.
Does the environment have a significant role in child development?
Why child development renders a crucial role in shaping the entire life of a person.
Are children more creative and intelligent than the average students?
Why child development was largely ignored throughout the History
The social, emotional and cognitive aspects of child development and growth
The benefits of studying how a child grows, change and learns things.
Does environment really play a significant role in child development?
The influence of parents, peers and caregivers on the development of a child
Are children really more intelligent and creative than average adults?
Why play is significant in helping children learn and understand life
Why speaking to a real person is more important for a child’s growth than just playing games
Child development: heredity and environment
Social and cultural aspects of child development
Factors affecting child development
Child development: history, theory, and research strategies
The child development theory of middle childhood
Child development and Jean Piaget’s Theory of cognitive
Language and social skills in child development
Divorce and consequences for child development
How parenting styles affect child development
Gender roles and child development
How classroom environments affect child development
The Importance of play in promoting healthy child development
The child development through exercise
Adolescent mothers and effects on child development
Violence during early childhood and child development
Maternal employment and child development
Child development and the effects of the internet
Understanding the stages of child development and rate
Are fathers crucial for child development?
Healthy child development depends on quality child are

Business Research Proposal Topics

Business research papers are crucial for entrepreneurs taking a business degree and those who aspire to be business leaders. They enable you to understand the fundamental economic principles, financial markets, various markets, and their effects on the global economy. Below are some of the exciting business research topics.

Pros and cons of outsourcing workforce.
Merits of increasing brand awareness.
Methods to increase motivation among employees.
The relation between employee productivity and wages.
Business differences in developing countries Impact of startups on local economies Management approaches in different cultural places
How does management affect an organization’s performance?
The effects of advertisement on consumer behavior
In what ways can human resource promote industrial harmony?
How does corporate sustainability affect the organizational process?
Weighing the pros and cons of startup and established companies
The strategy of corporate sustainability
The roles of budget analysis and budgetary controls on an organization’s operation
What is sustainable development and what is its impact on modern businesses
The role of financial managers in maintaining records of business expenses
How does employee motivation increase the earnings of organizations?
The importance of a digital marketing strategy to small businesses
Understanding the process of taxation and its relation to the profit of the business
How to handle a crisis in an organization
The impact of gender discrimination on employees’ performance
The effects of a company’s environmental practices on consumer trust
The ways a company can create a healthy and more balanced work environment
Does workplace diversity play an important role in productivity?
The rise of foreign exchange market in the era of globalization
Going digital and its effects on international business
The influence of culture in marketing and branding
The advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing the business
The many ways for foreign companies to handle scam
The effects of good business communication in business development and growth
Communication and its relation to marketing effectiveness
How effective communication can help in dealing with global companies
The theories of communication and their different roles in the corporate world

Social Science Research Proposal Topics

Social science topics deal with scientific research into the social relationship and the human society. The significant fields in this category are Geography, Politics, Anthropology, Law, History, Linguistics, Sociology, and Psychology. These fields provide a broad area of research proposal topics you can handle in social science. They include:

Effects of divorce on children.
Nature of parenting in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender families.
How does racial stereotype affect consciousness and self-esteem?
The relationship between patriotism and social status.
Should male workers have the same workplace rights as females?

Nursing Research Proposal Topics

Nursing is a broad field and requires more time to find a good research topic to pick. Your research topic should be relevant, engaging, specific, meaningful, and original. Below is a list of potential research proposal topics on nursing.

Impact of antibiotics on child immunities.
How to reduce infant injury during delivery.
How to prevent malnutrition in children.
How to treat mental disorders nonchemically during pregnancy.
Age-related factors in the cardiovascular deterioration.
Antibiotics impact on childhood immunities
Effects of childhood exposure to environmental pollutants
Effects of second-hand smoke inhalation in early life
Genetic factors of diabetes in children
How to diagnose and manage respiratory illnesses in children
How to improve child care at inpatient facilities
Analyzing the history of nursing and their role in health care
Comparing culture’s effect on nursing in different countries
Effective strategies to maintain emotional health for nurses
History of treatment for eating disorders and current treatment analysis
Analyzing effects of telephone-provided care during postnatal treatment
Case studies of positive birth experiences
Case studies of positive postnatal experiences
Prevention of falls and injuries in senior patients
Strategies to improve oral health conditions in senior patients
Strategies to improve recognition of dehydration in aging adults
Disorders in female sexual health
Effectiveness of breast cancer screening measures
Environmental factors that lead to high infertility rates
Benefits of using antipsychotics when preventing delirium
Chemical stimulant treatments of ADHD
Detection and risk factors of bipolar disorder
Effects of social media on mental health
Effectiveness of pain management strategies in cancer patients
History and best practices of cognitive hypnotherapy in pain management
Medication trends in pain management relevant to nurses
Methods of enhancing staff relations in health care
Stem cells and their usage in the treatment of pediatric diseases
Early-life exposure to air pollution: health effects
Prenatal exposure to nicotine: health effects
Cells and molecules in lung health and disease: understanding the function
Neurotrophin and neurotransmitter receptors: a molecular study
New therapeutic approaches to developmental diseases of the nervous system
Movement disorders in children: understanding and treatment

Mental Health Research Proposal Topics

Mental health is a state of well-being in which every person realizes their potential, can work productively and fruitfully, can cope with everyday life stress, and can contribute to his community. While mental health research has taken significant strides, there is still a long way to go in spreading mental health awareness. The following are topics you can research on mental health.

Does Obesity affect mental health?
Is mental illness more dominant in men or women?
How can we ascertain if they are mentally ill or not?
What is the relationship between depression and weight loss?
The lasting psychological trauma of rape.
The relationship between depression and weight loss
The rise of eating disorders in teenagers and adolescents
The glamorization of mental illness in modern media
why mental health education is relevant in our society
Relationship between physical health and mental wellness
Advances in mental health education and research in the last decade
Living with mental health in the age of social media
The importance of including mental health topics in the school curriculum
The need to create safe spaces for people living with mental health issues.
Friendships in men and how they contribute to mental health?
The role of parenting in building good mental health in children
Effect of exercise on a patient’s mental health
Mental health developmental stages in children from birth to 5 years of age

Explore brilliant sports research paper topics .

Economics Research Proposal Topics

The ultimate goal of economists is to study how to utilize scarce resources to maximize value and generate profit. Economics is a broad field and focuses on issues such as consumption and production, investments, saving, opportunity cost, borrowing, trade markets, and employment. Given the broad issues that economics covers, the following are topics you can research.

The effects of change in income on consumer choices.
The relationship between unemployment and economic growth in USA.
The relationship between productivity and internet connection in a workplace.
What are the losses and gains of international trade in developing countries?
The relationship between government spending and inflation in Nigeria.
The effect of labor force participation on the economy and budget – A comparison
The impact of marital status on the labor force composition: A case of [your country] economy
The relationship between salary levels and ‘economic convergence’ in [your country] ?
Analyzing salary inequalities in [your country] and the forces behind such inequalities.
The evolution of consumption in [your country] over the last 10 years: Trends and consumer behavior.
The relationship between economic growth and unemployment in [your country]
Global recession and factors that contribute to it.
Impact of government expenditure on economic growth in [your country]
A comparison of the United States unemployment to the rest of the world
Sports Marketing and Advertising: the impact it has on the consumers.
Economic Development in the Tourism Industry in Africa
Globalization and its significance to business worldwide.
Economic risks connected to investing in Turkey.
The decline in employment rates as the biggest American economy challenge.
Impacts of labor unions on labor markets
Impacts of consumer behavior on market growth
Globalization of trade and the impacts on the economy

Political Science Research Proposal Topics

Political science is a broad field. Writing a research proposal in this field can be complicated if you are to develop your topic. However, there are several categories where you can find a research topic, including comparative politics, philosophy research topics, public administration, and public law topics. Some of the top research proposal topics on political science include:

How does technology impact the voting process?
How wars shape countries for decades to come.
Racism and its effects on modern politics.
The internet and its role in shaping modern politics.
Are whistleblowers traitors or saviors?
Cultural Pressure Between the United States & Japan
Anglo-Saxon Traits in American Government
Can nationalism be classified as a proper school of leaders in history?
Prosecution Ethics of Top Tier Officials
Is Criminal Pardon Acceptable?
European and American Federal Crimes Comparison
Differences Between Political and Armed Conflicts
Is Religion A Social Power?
Corruption Elimination Methods
Federalism traces in the Unitary Governance Model
Compare European and American Federal Crimes
Modern Leaders Global Interdependence
Compare and contrast political science with pure history.
Civil rights controversies in the United Kingdom
Freedom of speech in the United States
Talk about abortion and its political implications
Discuss the death penalty in the US

Sociological Research Proposal Topics

Sociological topics deals with the development, and study of the structure and functioning of human society. Below are some of the promising research topics on sociology.

Relationship between educational level and race.
The feminist revolution.
Effects of child abuse
The relationship between education and poverty.
The modern role of leadership and responsibility.
Long term impact of cultural appropriation
Impact of media on human behavior and attitude
Key social justice issues impacting society
Factors contributing to extreme polarization in society
Impact of sensationalized media coverage and perceptions of current events
How political differences impact family relationships and friendships
Impact of social media on human relationships
Factors that contribute to spousal abuse
Characteristics of childhood friendships that last a lifetime
Relationship factors that commonly lead to divorce
Prevalence of shared custody arrangements with children alternating weeks with each parent
Impact of living together prior to marriage on long-term relationship success
Social media and video games as a cause of aggression among teenagers
The effect of cultural appropriation in the long term.
The effect of media on human attitude and behaviour.
How political differences affect friendship and family relationships.
Important social justice issues affecting society.
Public distrust in political appointees and elected officials.
The unique separation challenges that those who work from home face in their workplace.
Industrial Revolution and its impact on a relationship and family structure
The relationship between success in school and socioeconomic status.
To what extent do low-income families rely on the school to provide food for their children?
The outcome of classroom learning compared to homeschool pupils.
The role of school attendance on children’s social skills progress.
How to promote equality among school children from economic handicap backgrounds.
The effects of bullying on the person’s mental health.
The relationship between social depression or anxiety and social media presence.
The effects of school shootings on students’ mental health, parents, staff, and faculty.
What is the connection between environmental conditions and group behaviour?
How can the condition of an environment affect its population, public health, economic livelihoods, and everyday life?
The relationship between economic factors and environmental conditions.
The relationship between juvenile crime and the social, economic status of the family.
Factors that determine gang membership or affiliation.
How does upbringing affect adult anti-social behaviour?
How does cultural background and gender affect how a person views drug abuse?
The relationship between law violation and mental health.
The effect of globalization on various cultures.
What influences the problematic attitudes of young people towards their future?
The role models of the past decade versus the ones in recent times.
The effect of changes in the educational field on new students.
Discuss the effects of social media on college students.
Discuss the role of countries, languages, and nationalities at schools.
How can the harassment and bullying on social media be controlled?
Discuss the reasons behind childhood obesity.
How are children and teenagers affected by the mass media?
Discuss the inequalities in health care and social classes.
How can humans establish rational relationships with nature?
What are the negative effects of industrial wastes on the environment?
Compare the wage gap between the genders in different states.
Why should we promote equal opportunities for men and women?
What does it mean to be transgender?
Discuss the empowerment of women in sports
What can be done to make the environment safer for women?
Discuss the negative effect on children adopted by a family of different ethnicity.
Why should parents take a parenting class before having children?
Why must students at religious schools be forced to take standardized tests?
What is the relationship between class and religion?
Are ethnicity and nationality the same thing?
Do race, nationality, and ethnicity affect self-esteem?
What is the difference between ethnic culture and race?
Discuss changes within the urban environment.
Discuss class, gender, and age as a factor of inequality.
How are urban sustainability and global environmental crisis related?
What are the social responses to urban social movements?
Explain the social impacts of implementing the rural revival program.
What is the end of rural society and the future of rural sociology?
Discuss migration dynamics in the development of rural South Africa.
Discuss the reasons behind the population growth in rural America.

Social Work Research Proposal Topics

Social work research is the structured investigation of problems associated with the social work field. Some of the research proposal topics on social work include:

Most common challenges encountered by Lesbians, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender youths in the United States schools.
Dealing with child abuse in orphanages.
Healing steps for victims of domestic violence.
Risk factors for dangerous grief.
Strategies for building resilience in social workers.
The importance of group therapy for children in foster homes
Impacts of clinical depression on teenage girls
Lack of child support and its impact on child care in America
A look into depression and the stigma associated with it.
ADHD within foster homes and its impacts on children
Disability and how it affects the lives of middle-aged parents
The recurring case of displacement and its violent effects on street children
Understanding the trauma associated with child-parent separation
How divorce positively impacts the health and lifestyle of children
A close analysis of the myths associated with Welfare mothers
Addressing the issue of substance abuse amongst teenagers
Death and how it impacts the collective well-being of the family
Absence of child support and its impact on child care in America.
The social displacement of Autistic children.
Effect of clinical depression on adolescent children.
The influence of continuous mobility in the lives of orphan toddlers.
Analyzing the feeling of depression and the stigma about it.
Analyzing the trauma of parent-child separation.
Discuss the concept of substance abuse among teenagers.
Identify the similarities and distinctions between ADHD and Dyslexia.
A comprehensive study of anti-depressants and their present efficiencies.
The influence of America’s carceral structure on the minority and low-income group homes.
What are the drawbacks of the carceral system of America?
Housing abandonment and societal opinion- Evaluate.
Secondary traumatic stress and the risk factors associated with it.
Drug rehabilitation program- Pros and Cons.
Discuss the suicide prevention protocols in your locality.
Explore the perspectives of women living with mental illness, stigma and receiving community services.
Leadership practice, organizational culture and new managerialism: strengths, challenges, variations and contradictions in service agencies.
An analysis of the narrative of the maternal experience of women who experienced Child Sexual Abuse by a family member.
Impact of gender and culture: to contribute satisfactory factors long-term marriages.
The construction of housing as a social problem: A factors, mediating strategies.
An exploration of the relationship between school and girls’ self-esteem.
Investigate the factors influencing the use of narcotics and other substances by adolescents
Develop a framework to assess racial and ethnic inequality in the workforce
Investigate the relationship between cultural acclimatization and educational performance in adolescents
Examine methods of improving the participation of adolescents in the development of the local community
Investigate the inclusion of the justice system in cases of child welfare
Analyze the relationship between economic difficulties and complex grief
Discuss the effectiveness of family therapy in a mental health setting
Evaluate mentoring programs developed as part of your local behavioral health service
Look into the support for lesbian and gay human rights in a range of societies
Discuss the issues associated with long-term care for older women of an immigrant background
Evaluate the risk factors associated with secondary traumatic stress
Evaluate the experiences of oncology patients having received prognoses
Investigate the social effects of giving birth to an infant with fetal alcohol syndrome
Examine the psychosocial effects on children whose parent has been diagnosed with cancer
Examine the mental health services and how they are adapted for use by military veterans
Discuss the effectiveness of peer support programs for young adults with cancer
Is post-traumatic stress disorder treated by means of brief preventive interventions?
How can employee engagement be improved by means of improved organizational functioning?
Discuss the development of successful smoking cessation programs
Investigate means of assisting adolescents with substance abuse issues
Examine how early upbringing affects later academic achievement in children
Discuss what is being done to eradicate community violence in low socioeconomic areas
Evaluate the effects of gender dysphoria in institutionalized adolescents
Discuss means of early intervention in teen pregnancy cases
Investigate the use of peer-based support in teenage pregnancy

Business Management Research Proposal Topics

Finding a good business management research topic takes effort and time since there is a vast area to choose from. Some of the best research topics on business management include:

The impact of production strategies on the profitability of an organization.
The effect of credit management on the profitability of manufacturing companies.
Employee benefits and effects on their productivity.
Effective time management as a tool for organizational survival.
Impact of employee commitment on organization performance.
Manpower planning and development as an effective tool for achieving organizational goals.
Impact of pricing policy on profitability level of an organization
The impact of production strategies on profitability of an organization

Scientific Research Proposal Topics

Scientific topics are easy to research since many reputable and current journals are published online. Here are some of the exciting topics you can write about.

Do viruses continuously evolve to become less virulent?
What is an antiviral drug, and how does it differ from the vaccine?
Is it realistic that people can live on another planet?
How can metal oxides improve cell phones?
How well do childhood vaccines prevent diseases?
Why solar system researchers insist this field is so important for people?
What is Big Bang and why scientists pay so much attention to this question?
What is the role of meteorites for our universe investigation?
How commercial space flights will influence on the universe exploration?
Why there are so many junks in space and how to solve this problem?
What are the most popular careers in chemistry nowadays?
How chemicals can cause allergies and how these materials can help to defeat such problems with health?
Is it possible to create environmentally-friendly materials, for instance, plastic?
What is the role of sugar in the chemical industry?
What are the most spectacular new researches in medical chemistry?
What are the main problems of hydraulic fracking?
What is a disposable product and how it can harm our ecology?
How to reduce the level of exhaust pollution in big cities?
How to improve the weaknesses of honey bee colonies?
What are the main differences between organic and traditional farming?
Are small farms more ecological and safer than large farms?
How to defeat different types of weeds?
Can robots help medical staff to improve the quality of healthcare?
Should armies use drones for strategic purposes?
What is the power of bitcoin and what future expects it?
How computers can help to discover the human brain?
Is it ethical to hold experiments on people?
Can scientists develop a drug to cure AIDS?
What are the main differences between parallel and series circuits?
How nuclear fusion investigation can help humanity?
How gravitation influences animals and humans?
What are the benefits of probabilistic quantum cloning?

Globalization Research Proposal Topics

Globalization discussion covers a wide area since it touches almost every aspect of the current world and how its effects differ from one region to another. Some of the research topics in globalization include:

Globalization and population problems in (your country).
In what ways does globalization influence consumer behavior?
The positive influence of globalization on Japanese economics.
Discussion of the three main types of globalization: technological, economic, and cultural.
Analyze the history of globalization from the moment of its emerging until the present-day realms
In what way the developed and underdeveloped countries can benefit from the growth of globalization?
Globalization and China. Discuss the impact of globalization on Chinese political and economic development;
Discuss the anti-globalization trends emerging in the United States
Compare and contrast the aspects of regionalization and globalization. What makes these concepts different?
Analyze the relationship between globalization and free trade;
What are the main advantages and disadvantages of globalization at the international level?
The role of Disney and other major companies in globalization;

Health-Related Research Proposal Topics

When choosing your research proposal topics on health issues, you should pick a captivating subject that will catch the reader’s attention and flaunt your knowledge in a particular field.

When is body building considered healthy?
Plastic surgery for beauty: should it be encouraged? Is it healthy?
Should computers replace doctors?
Depression in the society: can it be solved?
Does violent music have any effects on young children?
Changes in physical and mental health due to aging
How modern lifestyle affects public health
How environmental changes affect human health
How urban pollution affects respiratory diseases
Government investment in healthcare services in the EU versus the USA
Inequalities in healthcare assistance and services
Healthcare management and leadership
Healthcare education and training
Technical impact on the improvement of medical services
How does the US government encourage the development of healthcare services?
Investment in the improvement of the healthcare sector in the UK
Mandatory overtime of the medical staff
Inequalities that exist in Medicine
Nursing shortage and its impact on the patient care
Factors that influence the Autism development in children
The efficiency of the ongoing breast cancer studies
Necessary equipment to improve the treatment of AIDS
Health care issues in the third-world countries
The impact of smoking on cancer development
Causes and effects of heart attacks

Finance Research Proposal Topics

You can research numerous finance topics – from organizational, risk management, and corporate governance. Some of these research topics are:

An assessment of loan defaults and their impacts on a bank’s profitability.
Internal control within an accounting firm.
Cybersecurity issues affecting online transactions and online banking.
Heightening accountability and clarity in corporate organizations.
The integration of cryptocurrency and banks in a demonetized world.
Human resource management research proposal topics.
Relationship between corporate image and mobile phone advertising in the field of finance
Macroeconomic variables and their effect on the financial market in relation to the GDP on consumer market plans.
Financing requirements in agricultural commodity businesses and its challenges
Impact of portfolio diversification on Banks’ Return.
Impact of energy crises on economic growth and GDP fluctuation.
Relationship between Government Expenditure and Government Revenues.
Considerations for saving taxes and financial strategies
Life insurance investment and the participation of investors in these investments
Risks that could be posed to the banking sector, and how to mitigate them?
The latest technology that are behind commercial banking
How can we help prevent the onset of global economic crisis?
Does the banking industry have the ability to lessen the consequences of the financial crisis?
Potential solutions to ethical issues in the field of corporate finance
The establishment of business entities and the use of business finance
Modernization of business and the role of finance in business
Selling our life insurance do we have a tax incentive that is effective in this case?
Who are the people who mutual funds affect in the private and public sectors?
Diverse investment options for various types of financials – Do you have an investment option you prefer?
How do taxes affect financial decision?
What are the most effective ways to effectively manage credit?
The mobile banking industry and the problems
The distinction between traditional and behavioral finance
The effect of control over budgets on organization performance
An analysis of the usage of financial state in evaluating the performance of a company
Examining the effects of loan defaults and loan defaults on the financial viability of banks
Examine the differences between traditional finance and behavioral finance.
The impact of electronic banking on satisfaction of customers.
An analysis of loan defaults and the impact it has on the bank profitability
The impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the foreign economic activity of enterprises
The essence and significance of monetary policy
Organization of financial control in a market economy
The role of funds in solving social problems
Risk management in the financial sector

English Literature Research Proposal Topics

The easiest way to get an idea on your research proposal topic on English literature is to start broad and then work on making the topic more specific and attractive to the readers. Below are a few research topics on English literature.

Artificial languages in literature.
Good and evil in literature.
Psychology in literature.
Romance and sex in literature.
Sarcasm and irony in literature.
The American Dream in literature
How do religion and literature correlate?
The image of Death as a character in literature
Literature as an instrument of propaganda
How is mythology termed in literature?
Discuss why Harry Potter became that popular.
Is it advisable for literature to be gendered?
Evaluate between utopian and dystopian literature.
Discuss the work of Shakespeare.
Can fan fiction be considered an independent part of literature?
How do clichés work in literature
How are the Byronic characters in literature?
Discuss the good and evil of studying literature.
How can you term irony and sarcasm in literature?
How can literature be termed as an instrument of propaganda?
The relation between literature and psychology.
The influence of European culture in the Midwest literature.
The differences between the literature of different countries.
The effect of European culture on modern literature.
How is the Image of death represented as a character in literature?
Is there an appropriate gender in literature?
Evaluate the Victorian literature.
Evaluate the methods of teaching English literature.
Investigate modern Indian literature in English translation.
Evaluate women writers and the survey of English literature.
Investigate the impact of the Bible on English literature.
Evaluate the impact of the Classics on Literature.
Define the scope of English literature in Educating people.
Explain the influence of Darwin on Literature.
Explain medieval English literature.
How has the role of a woman changed in twentieth-century literature?
What effect does Milton’s paradise lost have on 17th-century literature?
The role of female writers in the literature
The role of the supernatural and spirituality in literature
The relationship between old and contemporary American literature
Distinguish between performance and narration in literature
Challenges of studying English literature.
The power of wealth in modern literature
The Female masculinities in old English Literature.
The historical analysis of children’s literature.
The idea of death in Renaissance literature.
The utilization of language activities in teaching and learning of English Language.
Discuss women in nation-building and influence on literature.
The relevance of folktale in the learning of literature.
The significance of drama and poetry in literature.
An analysis of the Asian theatre and influence on modern literature.
The examination of leadership in literature.
The relevance of literature in the world.
What is the need to study literature?
Discuss contemporary American Literature.
The African Realism and influence in Literature.
How did colonization influence modern literature?
Define 20th-century Latin American literature.
Evaluate African Americans and their fight for equality in American Literature.
Define realism, naturalism, and modernism in African American literature.
Evaluate Allen Ginsberg and American Protest literature.
Examine American literature and society.
Provide your understanding of censorship in American Literature.
Evaluate black American women writers and their influence on the world.

Research Proposal Topics in Information Technology

Information technology (IT) includes many facets of computer, communication, and data management, and it is rapidly evolving. IT research is important if you are looking to further technological developments, tackling problems, and enhancing the effectiveness and security of information systems. Below are some of the information technology topics you can research:

Exploring the uses and challenges of blockchain technology in different industries.
Cybersecurity measures for preventing advanced persistent threats to critical infrastructure systems.
Utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve network security.
What are the effects of cloud computing on storage and data processing?
Examining the use of augmented and virtual reality in education.
Examining artificial intelligence’s place in autonomous vehicles.
Enhancing healthcare information systems’ data privacy and security.
Examining quantum computing’s Effect on Cryptography.
Creating useful data mining methods to draw useful conclusions from large datasets.
Analyzing IT’s contribution to sustainable development and environmental protection.
Examining the opportunities and challenges of 5G networks and other future technologies.
Creating effective computer vision algorithms for the processing of images and videos.
Investigating the potential of edge computing for real-time data processing.
Examining IT’s potential to improve supply chain management.
Developing user-centric information systems for the delivery of personalized healthcare.
Investigating IT’s role in E-commerce: Trends in consumer behavior.
Examining the ethics of face recognition technology.

Computer Science Project Proposal Topics

Students and researchers working on computer science projects have a great chance to use their theoretical understanding and problem-solving abilities to tackle actual problems. Below are some of the fascinating project proposal ideas about computer science:

Creating an intelligent Chabot for E-commerce customer support.
Making a recommender system for customized film recommendations.
Using encryption techniques to build a secure password manager application.
Using face recognition to create an automated attendance management system.
Creating a machine-learning model for trend prediction in the stock market.
Developing a virtual assistant powered by AI for smart homes.
Creating a real-time tracking online food delivery system.
Designing a system to detect fraud in online banking transactions.
Creating a social network analysis tool for Influencer Identification.
Developing a VR application for virtual museum tours.
Creating a sentiment analysis tool for social media data analysis
The development of a deep learning model for medical image analysis and diagnosis.
Creating a multi-agent traffic management system for smart cities.
Building a gamification-enabled e-learning platform.
Building a conversational AI Natural Language Understanding (NLU) system.
Installing a cloud-based document management system for businesses.
Creating a system for human-robot interaction in industrial automation.
Using a sentiment analysis system to monitor social media texts.

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Home » How To Write A Research Proposal – Step-by-Step [Template]

How To Write A Research Proposal – Step-by-Step [Template]

Table of Contents

How To Write a Research Proposal

Writing a Research proposal involves several steps to ensure a well-structured and comprehensive document. Here is an explanation of each step:

1. Title and Abstract

Choose a concise and descriptive title that reflects the essence of your research.
Write an abstract summarizing your research question, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes. It should provide a brief overview of your proposal.

2. Introduction:

Provide an introduction to your research topic, highlighting its significance and relevance.
Clearly state the research problem or question you aim to address.
Discuss the background and context of the study, including previous research in the field.

3. Research Objectives

Outline the specific objectives or aims of your research. These objectives should be clear, achievable, and aligned with the research problem.

4. Literature Review:

Conduct a comprehensive review of relevant literature and studies related to your research topic.
Summarize key findings, identify gaps, and highlight how your research will contribute to the existing knowledge.

5. Methodology:

Describe the research design and methodology you plan to employ to address your research objectives.
Explain the data collection methods, instruments, and analysis techniques you will use.
Justify why the chosen methods are appropriate and suitable for your research.

6. Timeline:

Create a timeline or schedule that outlines the major milestones and activities of your research project.
Break down the research process into smaller tasks and estimate the time required for each task.

7. Resources:

Identify the resources needed for your research, such as access to specific databases, equipment, or funding.
Explain how you will acquire or utilize these resources to carry out your research effectively.

8. Ethical Considerations:

Discuss any ethical issues that may arise during your research and explain how you plan to address them.
If your research involves human subjects, explain how you will ensure their informed consent and privacy.

9. Expected Outcomes and Significance:

Clearly state the expected outcomes or results of your research.
Highlight the potential impact and significance of your research in advancing knowledge or addressing practical issues.

10. References:

Provide a list of all the references cited in your proposal, following a consistent citation style (e.g., APA, MLA).

11. Appendices:

Include any additional supporting materials, such as survey questionnaires, interview guides, or data analysis plans.

Research Proposal Format

The format of a research proposal may vary depending on the specific requirements of the institution or funding agency. However, the following is a commonly used format for a research proposal:

1. Title Page:

Include the title of your research proposal, your name, your affiliation or institution, and the date.

2. Abstract:

Provide a brief summary of your research proposal, highlighting the research problem, objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.

3. Introduction:

Introduce the research topic and provide background information.
State the research problem or question you aim to address.
Explain the significance and relevance of the research.
Review relevant literature and studies related to your research topic.
Summarize key findings and identify gaps in the existing knowledge.
Explain how your research will contribute to filling those gaps.

5. Research Objectives:

Clearly state the specific objectives or aims of your research.
Ensure that the objectives are clear, focused, and aligned with the research problem.

6. Methodology:

Describe the research design and methodology you plan to use.
Explain the data collection methods, instruments, and analysis techniques.
Justify why the chosen methods are appropriate for your research.

7. Timeline:

8. Resources:

Explain how you will acquire or utilize these resources effectively.

9. Ethical Considerations:

If applicable, explain how you will ensure informed consent and protect the privacy of research participants.

10. Expected Outcomes and Significance:

11. References:

12. Appendices:

Research Proposal Template

Here’s a template for a research proposal:

1. Introduction:

2. Literature Review:

3. Research Objectives:

4. Methodology:

5. Timeline:

6. Resources:

7. Ethical Considerations:

8. Expected Outcomes and Significance:

9. References:

10. Appendices:

Research Proposal Sample

Title: The Impact of Online Education on Student Learning Outcomes: A Comparative Study

1. Introduction

Online education has gained significant prominence in recent years, especially due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This research proposal aims to investigate the impact of online education on student learning outcomes by comparing them with traditional face-to-face instruction. The study will explore various aspects of online education, such as instructional methods, student engagement, and academic performance, to provide insights into the effectiveness of online learning.

2. Objectives

The main objectives of this research are as follows:

To compare student learning outcomes between online and traditional face-to-face education.
To examine the factors influencing student engagement in online learning environments.
To assess the effectiveness of different instructional methods employed in online education.
To identify challenges and opportunities associated with online education and suggest recommendations for improvement.

3. Methodology

3.1 Study Design

This research will utilize a mixed-methods approach to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. The study will include the following components:

3.2 Participants

The research will involve undergraduate students from two universities, one offering online education and the other providing face-to-face instruction. A total of 500 students (250 from each university) will be selected randomly to participate in the study.

3.3 Data Collection

The research will employ the following data collection methods:

Quantitative: Pre- and post-assessments will be conducted to measure students’ learning outcomes. Data on student demographics and academic performance will also be collected from university records.
Qualitative: Focus group discussions and individual interviews will be conducted with students to gather their perceptions and experiences regarding online education.

3.4 Data Analysis

Quantitative data will be analyzed using statistical software, employing descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis. Qualitative data will be transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns and themes.

4. Ethical Considerations

The study will adhere to ethical guidelines, ensuring the privacy and confidentiality of participants. Informed consent will be obtained, and participants will have the right to withdraw from the study at any time.

5. Significance and Expected Outcomes

This research will contribute to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the impact of online education on student learning outcomes. The findings will help educational institutions and policymakers make informed decisions about incorporating online learning methods and improving the quality of online education. Moreover, the study will identify potential challenges and opportunities related to online education and offer recommendations for enhancing student engagement and overall learning outcomes.

6. Timeline

The proposed research will be conducted over a period of 12 months, including data collection, analysis, and report writing.

The estimated budget for this research includes expenses related to data collection, software licenses, participant compensation, and research assistance. A detailed budget breakdown will be provided in the final research plan.

8. Conclusion

This research proposal aims to investigate the impact of online education on student learning outcomes through a comparative study with traditional face-to-face instruction. By exploring various dimensions of online education, this research will provide valuable insights into the effectiveness and challenges associated with online learning. The findings will contribute to the ongoing discourse on educational practices and help shape future strategies for maximizing student learning outcomes in online education settings.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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Proposal – Types, Examples, and Writing Guide

How to Write a Research Proposal

Once you’re in college and really getting into academic writing , you may not recognize all the kinds of assignments you’re asked to complete. You know what an essay is, and you know how to respond to readings—but when you hear your professor mention a research proposal or a literature review, your mind might do a double take.

Don’t worry; we’ve got you. Boiled down to its core, a research proposal is simply a short piece of writing that details exactly what you’ll be covering in a larger research project. You’ll likely be required to write one for your thesis , and if you choose to continue in academia after earning your bachelor’s degree, you’ll be writing research proposals for your master’s thesis, your dissertation , and all other research you conduct. By then, you’ll be a research proposal pro. But for now, we’ll answer all your questions and help you confidently write your first one.

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What is the goal of a research proposal?

In a research proposal, the goal is to present the author’s plan for the research they intend to conduct. In some cases, part of this goal is to secure funding for said research. In others, it’s to have the research approved by the author’s supervisor or department so they can move forward with it. In some cases, a research proposal is a required part of a graduate school application. In every one of these circumstances, research proposals follow the same structure.

In a research proposal, the author demonstrates how and why their research is relevant to their field. They demonstrate that the work is necessary to the following:

Filling a gap in the existing body of research on their subject
Underscoring existing research on their subject, and/or
Adding new, original knowledge to the academic community’s existing understanding of their subject

A research proposal also demonstrates that the author is capable of conducting this research and contributing to the current state of their field in a meaningful way. To do this, your research proposal needs to discuss your academic background and credentials as well as demonstrate that your proposed ideas have academic merit.

But demonstrating your research’s validity and your personal capability to carry it out isn’t enough to get your research proposal approved. Your research proposal also has to cover these things:

The research methodology you plan to use
The tools and procedures you will use to collect, analyze, and interpret the data you collect
An explanation of how your research fits the budget and other constraints that come with conducting it through your institution, department, or academic program

If you’ve already read our post on literature reviews , you may be thinking that a research proposal sounds pretty similar. They’re more than just similar, though—a literature review is part of a research proposal. It’s the section that covers which sources you’re using, how you’re using them, and why they’re relevant. Think of a literature review as a mini-research proposal that fits into your larger, main proposal.

How long should a research proposal be?

Generally, research proposals for bachelor’s and master’s theses are a few pages long. Research proposals for meatier projects, like Ph.D. dissertations and funding requests, are often longer and far more detailed. A research proposal’s goal is to clearly outline exactly what your research will entail and accomplish, so including the proposal’s word count or page count isn’t nearly as important as it is to ensure that all the necessary elements and content are present.

Research proposal structure

A research proposal follows a fairly straightforward structure. In order to achieve the goals described in the previous section, nearly all research proposals include the following sections:

Introduction

Your introduction achieves a few goals:

Introduces your topic
States your problem statement and the questions your research aims to answer
Provides context for your research

In a research proposal, an introduction can be a few paragraphs long. It should be concise, but don’t feel like you need to cram all of your information into one paragraph.

In some cases, you need to include an abstract and/or a table of contents in your research proposal. These are included just before the introduction.

Background significance

This is where you explain why your research is necessary and how it relates to established research in your field. Your work might complement existing research, strengthen it, or even challenge it—no matter how your work will “play with” other researchers’ work, you need to express it in detail in your research proposal.

This is also the section where you clearly define the existing problems your research will address. By doing this, you’re explaining why your work is necessary—in other words, this is where you answer the reader’s “so what?”

In your background significance section, you’ll also outline how you’ll conduct your research. If necessary, note which related questions and issues you won’t be covering in your research.

Literature review

In your literature review , you introduce all the sources you plan to use in your research. This includes landmark studies and their data, books, and scholarly articles. A literature review isn’t merely a list of sources (that’s what your bibliography is for); a literature review delves into the collection of sources you chose and explains how you’re using them in your research.

Research design, methods, and schedule

Following your research review, you’ll discuss your research plans. In this section, make sure you cover these aspects:

The type of research you will do. Are you conducting qualitative or quantitative research? Are you collecting original data or working with data collected by other researchers?
Whether you’re doing experimental, correlational, or descriptive research
The data you’re working with. For example, if you’re conducting research in the social sciences, you’ll need to describe the population you’re studying. You’ll also need to cover how you’ll select your subjects and how you’ll collect data from them.
The tools you’ll use to collect data. Will you be running experiments? Conducting surveys? Observing phenomena? Note all data collection methods here along with why they’re effective methods for your specific research.

Beyond a comprehensive look at your research itself, you’ll also need to include:

Your research timeline
Your research budget
Any potential obstacles you foresee and your plan for handling them

Suppositions and implications

Although you can’t know your research’s results until you’ve actually done the work, you should be going into the project with a clear idea of how your work will contribute to your field. This section is perhaps the most critical to your research proposal’s argument because it expresses exactly why your research is necessary.

In this section, make sure you cover the following:

Any ways your work can challenge existing theories and assumptions in your field
How your work will create the foundation for future research
The practical value your findings will provide to practitioners, educators, and other academics in your field
The problems your work can potentially help to fix
Policies that could be impacted by your findings
How your findings can be implemented in academia or other settings and how this will improve or otherwise transform these settings

In other words, this section isn’t about stating the specific results you expect. Rather, it’s where you state how your findings will be valuable.

This is where you wrap it all up. Your conclusion section, just like your conclusion paragraph for an essay , briefly summarizes your research proposal and reinforces your research’s stated purpose.

Bibliography

Yes, you need to write a bibliography in addition to your literature review. Unlike your literature review, where you explained the relevance of the sources you chose and in some cases, challenged them, your bibliography simply lists your sources and their authors.

The way you write a citation depends on the style guide you’re using. The three most common style guides for academics are MLA , APA , and Chicago , and each has its own particular rules and requirements. Keep in mind that each formatting style has specific guidelines for citing just about any kind of source, including photos , websites , speeches , and YouTube videos .

Sometimes, a full bibliography is not needed. When this is the case, you can include a references list, which is simply a scaled-down list of all the sources you cited in your work. If you’re not sure which to write, ask your supervisor.

Here’s a tip: Grammarly’s Citation Generator ensures your essays have flawless citations and no plagiarism. Try it for citing journal articles in MLA , APA , and Chicago styles.

How to write a research proposal

Research proposals, like all other kinds of academic writing, are written in a formal, objective tone. Keep in mind that being concise is a key component of academic writing; formal does not mean flowery.

Adhere to the structure outlined above. Your reader knows how a research proposal is supposed to read and expects it to fit this template. It’s crucial that you present your research proposal in a clear, logical way. Every question the reader has while reading your proposal should be answered by the final section.

Editing and proofreading a research proposal

When you’re writing a research proposal, follow the same six-step writing process you follow with every other kind of writing you do.

After you’ve got a first draft written, take some time to let it “cool off” before you start proofreading . By doing this, you’re making it easier for yourself to catch mistakes and gaps in your writing.

Common mistakes to avoid when writing a research proposal

When you’re writing a research proposal, avoid these common pitfalls:

Being too wordy

As we said earlier, formal does not mean flowery. In fact, you should aim to keep your writing as brief and to-the-point as possible. The more economically you can express your purpose and goal, the better.

Failing to cite relevant sources

When you’re conducting research, you’re adding to the existing body of knowledge on the subject you’re covering. Your research proposal should reference one or more of the landmark research pieces in your field and connect your work to these works in some way. This doesn’t just communicate your work’s relevance—it also demonstrates your familiarity with the field.

Focusing too much on minor issues

There are probably a lot of great reasons why your research is necessary. These reasons don’t all need to be in your research proposal. In fact, including too many questions and issues in your research proposal can detract from your central purpose, weakening the proposal. Save the minor issues for your research paper itself and cover only the major, key issues you aim to tackle in your proposal.

Failing to make a strong argument for your research

This is perhaps the easiest way to undermine your proposal because it’s far more subjective than the others. A research proposal is, in essence, a piece of persuasive writing . That means that although you’re presenting your proposal in an objective, academic way, the goal is to get the reader to say “yes” to your work.

This is true in every case, whether your reader is your supervisor, your department head, a graduate school admissions board, a private or government-backed funding provider, or the editor at a journal in which you’d like to publish your work.

Polish your writing into a stellar proposal

When you’re asking for approval to conduct research—especially when there’s funding involved—you need to be nothing less than 100 percent confident in your proposal. If your research proposal has spelling or grammatical mistakes, an inconsistent or inappropriate tone, or even just awkward phrasing, those will undermine your credibility.

Make sure your research proposal shines by using Grammarly to catch all of those issues. Even if you think you caught all of them while you were editing, it’s critical to double-check your work. Your research deserves the best proposal possible, and Grammarly can help you make that happen.

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Knowledge Base
Starting the research process

How to Choose a Dissertation Topic | 8 Steps to Follow

Published on November 11, 2022 by Shona McCombes and Tegan George. Revised on November 20, 2023.

Choosing your dissertation topic is the first step in making sure your research goes as smoothly as possible. When choosing a topic, it’s important to consider:

Your institution and department’s requirements
Your areas of knowledge and interest
The scientific, social, or practical relevance
The availability of data and resources
The timeframe of your dissertation
The relevance of your topic

You can follow these steps to begin narrowing down your ideas.

Step 1: check the requirements, step 2: choose a broad field of research, step 3: look for books and articles, step 4: find a niche, step 5: consider the type of research, step 6: determine the relevance, step 7: make sure it’s plausible, step 8: get your topic approved, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about dissertation topics.

The very first step is to check your program’s requirements. This determines the scope of what it is possible for you to research.

Is there a minimum and maximum word count?
When is the deadline?
Should the research have an academic or a professional orientation?
Are there any methodological conditions? Do you have to conduct fieldwork, or use specific types of sources?

Some programs have stricter requirements than others. You might be given nothing more than a word count and a deadline, or you might have a restricted list of topics and approaches to choose from. If in doubt about what is expected of you, always ask your supervisor or department coordinator.

Start by thinking about your areas of interest within the subject you’re studying. Examples of broad ideas include:

Twentieth-century literature
Economic history
Health policy

To get a more specific sense of the current state of research on your potential topic, skim through a few recent issues of the top journals in your field. Be sure to check out their most-cited articles in particular. For inspiration, you can also search Google Scholar , subject-specific databases , and your university library’s resources.

As you read, note down any specific ideas that interest you and make a shortlist of possible topics. If you’ve written other papers, such as a 3rd-year paper or a conference paper, consider how those topics can be broadened into a dissertation.

After doing some initial reading, it’s time to start narrowing down options for your potential topic. This can be a gradual process, and should get more and more specific as you go. For example, from the ideas above, you might narrow it down like this:

Twentieth-century literature Twentieth-century Irish literature Post-war Irish poetry
Economic history European economic history German labor union history
Health policy Reproductive health policy Reproductive rights in South America

All of these topics are still broad enough that you’ll find a huge amount of books and articles about them. Try to find a specific niche where you can make your mark, such as: something not many people have researched yet, a question that’s still being debated, or a very current practical issue.

At this stage, make sure you have a few backup ideas — there’s still time to change your focus. If your topic doesn’t make it through the next few steps, you can try a different one. Later, you will narrow your focus down even more in your problem statement and research questions .

There are many different types of research , so at this stage, it’s a good idea to start thinking about what kind of approach you’ll take to your topic. Will you mainly focus on:

Collecting original data (e.g., experimental or field research)?
Analyzing existing data (e.g., national statistics, public records, or archives)?
Interpreting cultural objects (e.g., novels, films, or paintings)?
Comparing scholarly approaches (e.g., theories, methods, or interpretations)?

Many dissertations will combine more than one of these. Sometimes the type of research is obvious: if your topic is post-war Irish poetry, you will probably mainly be interpreting poems. But in other cases, there are several possible approaches. If your topic is reproductive rights in South America, you could analyze public policy documents and media coverage, or you could gather original data through interviews and surveys .

You don’t have to finalize your research design and methods yet, but the type of research will influence which aspects of the topic it’s possible to address, so it’s wise to consider this as you narrow down your ideas.

It’s important that your topic is interesting to you, but you’ll also have to make sure it’s academically, socially or practically relevant to your field.

Academic relevance means that the research can fill a gap in knowledge or contribute to a scholarly debate in your field.
Social relevance means that the research can advance our understanding of society and inform social change.
Practical relevance means that the research can be applied to solve concrete problems or improve real-life processes.

The easiest way to make sure your research is relevant is to choose a topic that is clearly connected to current issues or debates, either in society at large or in your academic discipline. The relevance must be clearly stated when you define your research problem .

Before you make a final decision on your topic, consider again the length of your dissertation, the timeframe in which you have to complete it, and the practicalities of conducting the research.

Will you have enough time to read all the most important academic literature on this topic? If there’s too much information to tackle, consider narrowing your focus even more.

Will you be able to find enough sources or gather enough data to fulfil the requirements of the dissertation? If you think you might struggle to find information, consider broadening or shifting your focus.

Do you have to go to a specific location to gather data on the topic? Make sure that you have enough funding and practical access.

Last but not least, will the topic hold your interest for the length of the research process? To stay motivated, it’s important to choose something you’re enthusiastic about!

Most programmes will require you to submit a brief description of your topic, called a research prospectus or proposal .

Remember, if you discover that your topic is not as strong as you thought it was, it’s usually acceptable to change your mind and switch focus early in the dissertation process. Just make sure you have enough time to start on a new topic, and always check with your supervisor or department.

If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Methodology

Sampling methods
Simple random sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Likert scales
Reproducibility

Statistics

Null hypothesis
Statistical power
Probability distribution
Effect size
Poisson distribution

Research bias

Optimism bias
Cognitive bias
Implicit bias
Hawthorne effect
Anchoring bias
Explicit bias

Formulating a main research question can be a difficult task. Overall, your question should contribute to solving the problem that you have defined in your problem statement .

However, it should also fulfill criteria in three main areas:

Researchability
Feasibility and specificity
Relevance and originality

All research questions should be:

Focused on a single problem or issue
Researchable using primary and/or secondary sources
Feasible to answer within the timeframe and practical constraints
Specific enough to answer thoroughly
Complex enough to develop the answer over the space of a paper or thesis
Relevant to your field of study and/or society more broadly

You can assess information and arguments critically by asking certain questions about the source. You can use the CRAAP test , focusing on the currency , relevance , authority , accuracy , and purpose of a source of information.

Ask questions such as:

Who is the author? Are they an expert?
Why did the author publish it? What is their motivation?
How do they make their argument? Is it backed up by evidence?

A dissertation prospectus or proposal describes what or who you plan to research for your dissertation. It delves into why, when, where, and how you will do your research, as well as helps you choose a type of research to pursue. You should also determine whether you plan to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.

It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives , ready to be approved by your supervisor or committee.

Note that some departments require a defense component, where you present your prospectus to your committee orally.

The best way to remember the difference between a research plan and a research proposal is that they have fundamentally different audiences. A research plan helps you, the researcher, organize your thoughts. On the other hand, a dissertation proposal or research proposal aims to convince others (e.g., a supervisor, a funding body, or a dissertation committee) that your research topic is relevant and worthy of being conducted.

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Research Proposal Example/Sample

Full Walkthrough + Free Proposal Template

In this video, we walk you through two successful (approved) research proposals , one for a Master’s-level project, and one for a PhD-level dissertation. We also start off by unpacking our free research proposal template and discussing the four core sections of a research proposal, so that you have a clear understanding of the basics before diving into the actual proposals.

Research proposal example/sample – Master’s-level (PDF/Word)
Research proposal example/sample – PhD-level (PDF/Word)
Proposal template (Fully editable)

If you’re working on a research proposal for a dissertation or thesis, you may also find the following useful:

Research Proposal Bootcamp : Learn how to write a research proposal as efficiently and effectively as possible
1:1 Proposal Coaching : Get hands-on help with your research proposal

Free Webinar: How To Write A Research Proposal

Research Proposal Example: Frequently Asked Questions

Are the sample proposals real.

Yes. The proposals are real and were approved by the respective universities.

Can I copy one of these proposals for my own research?

As we discuss in the video, every research proposal will be slightly different, depending on the university’s unique requirements, as well as the nature of the research itself. Therefore, you’ll need to tailor your research proposal to suit your specific context.

You can learn more about the basics of writing a research proposal here .

How do I get the research proposal template?

You can access our free proposal template here .

Is the proposal template really free?

Yes. There is no cost for the proposal template and you are free to use it as a foundation for your research proposal.

Where can I learn more about proposal writing?

For self-directed learners, our Research Proposal Bootcamp is a great starting point.

For students that want hands-on guidance, our private coaching service is recommended.

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How to write a research proposal

What is a research proposal?

What is the purpose of a research proposal , how long should a research proposal be, what should be included in a research proposal, 1. the title page, 2. introduction, 3. literature review, 4. research design, 5. implications, 6. reference list, frequently asked questions about writing a research proposal, related articles.

If you’re in higher education, the term “research proposal” is something you’re likely to be familiar with. But what is it, exactly? You’ll normally come across the need to prepare a research proposal when you’re looking to secure Ph.D. funding.

When you’re trying to find someone to fund your Ph.D. research, a research proposal is essentially your “pitch.”

A research proposal is a concise and coherent summary of your proposed research.

You’ll need to set out the issues that are central to the topic area and how you intend to address them with your research. To do this, you’ll need to give the following:

an outline of the general area of study within which your research falls
an overview of how much is currently known about the topic
a literature review that covers the recent scholarly debate or conversation around the topic

➡️ What is a literature review? Learn more in our guide.

Essentially, you are trying to persuade your institution that you and your project are worth investing their time and money into.

It is the opportunity for you to demonstrate that you have the aptitude for this level of research by showing that you can articulate complex ideas:

It also helps you to find the right supervisor to oversee your research. When you’re writing your research proposal, you should always have this in the back of your mind.

This is the document that potential supervisors will use in determining the legitimacy of your research and, consequently, whether they will invest in you or not. It is therefore incredibly important that you spend some time on getting it right.

Tip: While there may not always be length requirements for research proposals, you should strive to cover everything you need to in a concise way.

If your research proposal is for a bachelor’s or master’s degree, it may only be a few pages long. For a Ph.D., a proposal could be a pretty long document that spans a few dozen pages.

➡️ Research proposals are similar to grant proposals. Learn how to write a grant proposal in our guide.

When you’re writing your proposal, keep in mind its purpose and why you’re writing it. It, therefore, needs to clearly explain the relevance of your research and its context with other discussions on the topic. You need to then explain what approach you will take and why it is feasible.

Generally, your structure should look something like this:

Introduction
Literature Review
Research Design
Implications

If you follow this structure, you’ll have a comprehensive and coherent proposal that looks and feels professional, without missing out on anything important. We’ll take a deep dive into each of these areas one by one next.

The title page might vary slightly per your area of study but, as a general point, your title page should contain the following:

The proposed title of your project
Your supervisor’s name
The name of your institution and your particular department

Tip: Keep in mind any departmental or institutional guidelines for a research proposal title page. Also, your supervisor may ask for specific details to be added to the page.

The introduction is crucial to your research proposal as it is your first opportunity to hook the reader in. A good introduction section will introduce your project and its relevance to the field of study.

You’ll want to use this space to demonstrate that you have carefully thought about how to present your project as interesting, original, and important research. A good place to start is by introducing the context of your research problem.

Think about answering these questions:

What is it you want to research and why?
How does this research relate to the respective field?
How much is already known about this area?
Who might find this research interesting?
What are the key questions you aim to answer with your research?
What will the findings of this project add to the topic area?

Your introduction aims to set yourself off on a great footing and illustrate to the reader that you are an expert in your field and that your project has a solid foundation in existing knowledge and theory.

The literature review section answers the question who else is talking about your proposed research topic.

You want to demonstrate that your research will contribute to conversations around the topic and that it will sit happily amongst experts in the field.

➡️ Read more about how to write a literature review .

There are lots of ways you can find relevant information for your literature review, including:

Research relevant academic sources such as books and journals to find similar conversations around the topic.
Read through abstracts and bibliographies of your academic sources to look for relevance and further additional resources without delving too deep into articles that are possibly not relevant to you.
Watch out for heavily-cited works . This should help you to identify authoritative work that you need to read and document.
Look for any research gaps , trends and patterns, common themes, debates, and contradictions.
Consider any seminal studies on the topic area as it is likely anticipated that you will address these in your research proposal.

This is where you get down to the real meat of your research proposal. It should be a discussion about the overall approach you plan on taking, and the practical steps you’ll follow in answering the research questions you’ve posed.

So what should you discuss here? Some of the key things you will need to discuss at this point are:

What form will your research take? Is it qualitative/quantitative/mixed? Will your research be primary or secondary?
What sources will you use? Who or what will you be studying as part of your research.
Document your research method. How are you practically going to carry out your research? What tools will you need? What procedures will you use?
Any practicality issues you foresee. Do you think there will be any obstacles to your anticipated timescale? What resources will you require in carrying out your research?

Your research design should also discuss the potential implications of your research. For example, are you looking to confirm an existing theory or develop a new one?

If you intend to create a basis for further research, you should describe this here.

It is important to explain fully what you want the outcome of your research to look like and what you want to achieve by it. This will help those reading your research proposal to decide if it’s something the field needs and wants, and ultimately whether they will support you with it.

When you reach the end of your research proposal, you’ll have to compile a list of references for everything you’ve cited above. Ideally, you should keep track of everything from the beginning. Otherwise, this could be a mammoth and pretty laborious task to do.

Consider using a reference manager like Paperpile to format and organize your citations. Paperpile allows you to organize and save your citations for later use and cite them in thousands of citation styles directly in Google Docs, Microsoft Word, or LaTeX.

Your project may also require you to have a timeline, depending on the budget you are requesting. If you need one, you should include it here and explain both the timeline and the budget you need, documenting what should be done at each stage of the research and how much of the budget this will use.

This is the final step, but not one to be missed. You should make sure that you edit and proofread your document so that you can be sure there are no mistakes.

A good idea is to have another person proofread the document for you so that you get a fresh pair of eyes on it. You can even have a professional proofreader do this for you.

This is an important document and you don’t want spelling or grammatical mistakes to get in the way of you and your reader.

➡️ Working on a research proposal for a thesis? Take a look at our guide on how to come up with a topic for your thesis .

A research proposal is a concise and coherent summary of your proposed research. Generally, your research proposal will have a title page, introduction, literature review section, a section about research design and explaining the implications of your research, and a reference list.

A good research proposal is concise and coherent. It has a clear purpose, clearly explains the relevance of your research and its context with other discussions on the topic. A good research proposal explains what approach you will take and why it is feasible.

You need a research proposal to persuade your institution that you and your project are worth investing their time and money into. It is your opportunity to demonstrate your aptitude for this level or research by showing that you can articulate complex ideas clearly, concisely, and critically.

A research proposal is essentially your "pitch" when you're trying to find someone to fund your PhD. It is a clear and concise summary of your proposed research. It gives an outline of the general area of study within which your research falls, it elaborates how much is currently known about the topic, and it highlights any recent debate or conversation around the topic by other academics.

The general answer is: as long as it needs to be to cover everything. The length of your research proposal depends on the requirements from the institution that you are applying to. Make sure to carefully read all the instructions given, and if this specific information is not provided, you can always ask.

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How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates

How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates

Published on 30 October 2022 by Shona McCombes and Tegan George. Revised on 13 June 2023.

A research proposal describes what you will investigate, why it’s important, and how you will conduct your research.

The format of a research proposal varies between fields, but most proposals will contain at least these elements:

Introduction

Literature review.

Research design

Reference list

While the sections may vary, the overall objective is always the same. A research proposal serves as a blueprint and guide for your research plan, helping you get organised and feel confident in the path forward you choose to take.

Research proposal purpose, research proposal examples, research design and methods, contribution to knowledge, research schedule, frequently asked questions.

Academics often have to write research proposals to get funding for their projects. As a student, you might have to write a research proposal as part of a grad school application , or prior to starting your thesis or dissertation .

In addition to helping you figure out what your research can look like, a proposal can also serve to demonstrate why your project is worth pursuing to a funder, educational institution, or supervisor.

Research proposal aims
	Show your reader why your project is interesting, original, and important.
	Demonstrate your comfort and familiarity with your field. Show that you understand the current state of research on your topic.
	Make a case for your . Demonstrate that you have carefully thought about the data, tools, and procedures necessary to conduct your research.
	Confirm that your project is feasible within the timeline of your program or funding deadline.

Research proposal length

The length of a research proposal can vary quite a bit. A bachelor’s or master’s thesis proposal can be just a few pages, while proposals for PhD dissertations or research funding are usually much longer and more detailed. Your supervisor can help you determine the best length for your work.

One trick to get started is to think of your proposal’s structure as a shorter version of your thesis or dissertation , only without the results , conclusion and discussion sections.

Download our research proposal template

Prevent plagiarism, run a free check.

Writing a research proposal can be quite challenging, but a good starting point could be to look at some examples. We’ve included a few for you below.

Example research proposal #1: ‘A Conceptual Framework for Scheduling Constraint Management’
Example research proposal #2: ‘ Medical Students as Mediators of Change in Tobacco Use’

Like your dissertation or thesis, the proposal will usually have a title page that includes:

The proposed title of your project
Your supervisor’s name
Your institution and department

The first part of your proposal is the initial pitch for your project. Make sure it succinctly explains what you want to do and why.

Your introduction should:

Introduce your topic
Give necessary background and context
Outline your problem statement and research questions

To guide your introduction , include information about:

Who could have an interest in the topic (e.g., scientists, policymakers)
How much is already known about the topic
What is missing from this current knowledge
What new insights your research will contribute
Why you believe this research is worth doing

As you get started, it’s important to demonstrate that you’re familiar with the most important research on your topic. A strong literature review shows your reader that your project has a solid foundation in existing knowledge or theory. It also shows that you’re not simply repeating what other people have already done or said, but rather using existing research as a jumping-off point for your own.

In this section, share exactly how your project will contribute to ongoing conversations in the field by:

Comparing and contrasting the main theories, methods, and debates
Examining the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches
Explaining how will you build on, challenge, or synthesise prior scholarship

Following the literature review, restate your main objectives . This brings the focus back to your own project. Next, your research design or methodology section will describe your overall approach, and the practical steps you will take to answer your research questions.

Building a research proposal methodology
	? or ? , , or research design?
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To finish your proposal on a strong note, explore the potential implications of your research for your field. Emphasise again what you aim to contribute and why it matters.

For example, your results might have implications for:

Improving best practices
Informing policymaking decisions
Strengthening a theory or model
Challenging popular or scientific beliefs
Creating a basis for future research

Last but not least, your research proposal must include correct citations for every source you have used, compiled in a reference list . To create citations quickly and easily, you can use our free APA citation generator .

Some institutions or funders require a detailed timeline of the project, asking you to forecast what you will do at each stage and how long it may take. While not always required, be sure to check the requirements of your project.

Here’s an example schedule to help you get started. You can also download a template at the button below.

Download our research schedule template

Example research schedule
Research phase	Objectives	Deadline
1. Background research and literature review		20th January
2. Research design planning	and data analysis methods	13th February
3. Data collection and preparation	with selected participants and code interviews	24th March
4. Data analysis	of interview transcripts	22nd April
5. Writing		17th June
6. Revision	final work	28th July

If you are applying for research funding, chances are you will have to include a detailed budget. This shows your estimates of how much each part of your project will cost.

Make sure to check what type of costs the funding body will agree to cover. For each item, include:

Cost : exactly how much money do you need?
Justification : why is this cost necessary to complete the research?
Source : how did you calculate the amount?

To determine your budget, think about:

Travel costs : do you need to go somewhere to collect your data? How will you get there, and how much time will you need? What will you do there (e.g., interviews, archival research)?
Materials : do you need access to any tools or technologies?
Help : do you need to hire any research assistants for the project? What will they do, and how much will you pay them?

Once you’ve decided on your research objectives , you need to explain them in your paper, at the end of your problem statement.

Keep your research objectives clear and concise, and use appropriate verbs to accurately convey the work that you will carry out for each one.

I will compare …

A research aim is a broad statement indicating the general purpose of your research project. It should appear in your introduction at the end of your problem statement , before your research objectives.

Research objectives are more specific than your research aim. They indicate the specific ways you’ll address the overarching aim.

A PhD, which is short for philosophiae doctor (doctor of philosophy in Latin), is the highest university degree that can be obtained. In a PhD, students spend 3–5 years writing a dissertation , which aims to make a significant, original contribution to current knowledge.

A PhD is intended to prepare students for a career as a researcher, whether that be in academia, the public sector, or the private sector.

A master’s is a 1- or 2-year graduate degree that can prepare you for a variety of careers.

All master’s involve graduate-level coursework. Some are research-intensive and intend to prepare students for further study in a PhD; these usually require their students to write a master’s thesis . Others focus on professional training for a specific career.

Critical thinking refers to the ability to evaluate information and to be aware of biases or assumptions, including your own.

Like information literacy , it involves evaluating arguments, identifying and solving problems in an objective and systematic way, and clearly communicating your ideas.

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McCombes, S. & George, T. (2023, June 13). How to Write a Research Proposal | Examples & Templates. Scribbr. Retrieved 22 September 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/the-research-process/research-proposal-explained/

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Frostpunk 2 Research Guide – How to Research Ideas Fast, Best Research Topics, & More

Research drives the development of your city in Frostpunk 2 , and determines which cornerstones you build your utopia around. The mechanic is a lot deeper than it first appears, though. We’re here to break it all down with this detailed Frostpunk 2 research guide .

How to Research Fast in Frostpunk 2

There are a few different ways to crank up your Research speed in Frostpunk 2 .

While most of them are centered around the research and construction of specific buildings, other methods require expansion and exploration out in the Frostlands. Make sure you have Logistics Districts set up so that you can do expeditions, and then give some of the methods listed below a shot.

Build Research Institutes

View of Research Institute in Frostpunk 2

To start, you can build Research Institutes in any Housing District that has been expanded. Each one increases the overall speed at which you discover new Laws and Technologies, but the effect is decreased with each new Institute you build.

Likewise, these fill the limited Building slots each Housing District features. As a result, you can’t add other beneficial buildings unless you tear down the Research Institute.

All the same, this strategy drastically speeds up your Research time. At its peak, it can reduce the time needed to discover new ideas down to a couple of weeks.

Research Buildings Backed by Reason

View of Training Hospital Research Speed Bonus in Frostpunk 2

Other buildings like Teaching Hospitals can also increase the speed you Research topics at. The only catch is that you first need to discover and Research them via the various trees, which can be time-consuming.

Luckily, there is a way to focus on these projects and get them done fast. When you open up the Research Trees, look for the Reason or Progress icons over any ideas present. These tend to lead to discoveries that help advance your city’s Research speed, and can be unlocked more quickly when you prioritize them.

Set up Research Outposts in the Frostlands

View of Research Outpost in the Frostlands in Frostpunk 2

Another lucrative way to Research fast is to set up Research outposts in the Frostlands.

Certain points of interest can be turned into facilities dedicated to studying whatever idea you decided on. A small number of Frostlanders need to be assigned to it though, which prevents them from participating in the construction of trails, Expeditions, and other activities.

In exchange, the outpost speeds up the discovery rate of new ideas and Laws, and allows you to dedicate your city’s Building slots to other structures.

Best Laws and Buildings to Research

Once your Research speed is as high as possible, you can focus on what new Laws and Buildings you want to look into in Frostpunk 2.

While every option can be a viable one, some do offer better advantages than others and should be at the top of your priority list. We’ve listed a few down below for your consideration, and highly recommend them so long as they fit with your vision for your city.

Automated Workforce

A resource that can seem impossible to keep up is Workforce, so the Automated Workforce tract of ideas is some of the best around.

Each one increases your available workforce through the use of automation in factories, the creation of Automatons, and policies that generally reduce the need for human workers. This leaves your available Workforce much higher than if you pursue ideas dedicated to squeezing every ounce of effort out of your available workforce, and decreases the Tension of your populace thanks to the fact that they work less.

These ideas are supported by the Faithkeepers and New Londoners, so keep an eye out for their icons if you don’t know which Law or Building to research next. Once they’re Rsesearched, you’ll also net yourself plenty of positive press with both Factions, which goes a long way toward their respective endings.

Mandatory Unions

Though this Law is initially a drain on your resources, Mandatory Unions help to reduce Tension across your city and improve the conditions your workers deal with. It also leads to less injuries and deaths on the job, and can keep your Workforce at its maximum level as often as possible.

And that’s just to start. So long as you meet the Union’s demands, they start to increase efficiency overall, which increases the yield of resources from every District possible.

Maintenance and Rail Hubs

Any of the Hubs are worth unlocking, but the Maintenance and Rail Hubs are some of the best in the entire game.

Maintenance Hubs reduce the overall demand for Materials from any and every District, which is a heaven-sent boon once you start to deplete your initial Material veins. Rail Hubs, meanwhile, increase the efficiency of the Districts they’re built next to, which increases their output in exchange for a small injection of active Workforce.

Both can optimize your city and improve how smoothly resources flow from one point to another. Toss in the fact that each only takes a few weeks to Research, and there’s little reason not to give them a look.

Experimental Treatment

While there are risks tied to the study of this idea, the benefits do outweigh them in the end.

The ability to test new medical treatment methods helps your doctors discover new cures for illnesses, which reduce Disease overall. It also allows you to minimize diseases from incoming residents, as you can inoculate them with vaccines and ensure your existing population that everyone is safe and healthy.

It’s also one of the tamer ways to get in good with the Evolvers, whose preferred Research topics tend to lean toward dangerous and self-centered.

Vanguard Logistics Bay

There’s nothing worse than when you need to press further into the Frostland or want to build a vital Trail, but can’t because you don’t have enough Frostlanders to work with. Fortunately, the Vanguard Logistics bay solves that and then some.

This building adds 20 more Frostland Teams to your available pool, and you can build up to three across your Logistics Districts for a final bonus of 60 Frostlanders. They can then be used to explore new regions, harvest Frostlands materials, delve into dangerous areas, and otherwise help you expand the reach of your city.

It also nets you plenty of goodwill with the Frostlanders faction, which is never a bad thing and helps you inch closer toward the Adaptation Cornerstone.

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September 20, 2024. Corrections have been made to Section 3.3 of A.5 Carbon Cycle Science . New text is in bold and deleted text is struck through. The due dates remain unchanged: Notices of Intent to propose are requested by October 17, 2024, and proposals are due February 3, 2025. Questions regarding this correction may be directed to [email protected] and [email protected] .

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Shaping the causes of product returns: topic modeling on online customer reviews

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Published: 22 September 2024

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Andrea Mor ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-6131-7229 1 na1 ,
Carlotta Orsenigo 1 na1 ,
Mauricio Soto Gomez 2 na1 &
Carlo Vercellis 1 na1

Product return is a common phenomenon in the online retailing industry and entails several inconveniences for both the seller, who incurs in high costs for restocking the returned goods, and the customer, who has to deal with product re-shipping. In this paper, we outline a data-driven approach, based on Natural Language Processing, in which a broad corpus of customer reviews of an online retailer is exploited with the aim of shaping the main causes of product returns. In particular, a variety of topic modeling techniques represented both by classic methods, given by LDA and variants, and more recent algorithms, i.e., BERTopic, were applied to identify the main return reasons across multiple product categories, and their outcomes were compared to select the best approach. The category-dependent sets of return causes inferred through topic modeling largely enrich the product-agnostic list of return reasons currently used on the e-commerce platform, and provide valuable information to the retailer who can devise ad-hoc strategies to mitigate the returns and, hence, the costs of the related logistic network.

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1 Introduction

In recent years, most retailers progressively shifted from the traditional offline paradigm of ‘customers going to goods’, through a network of physical stores to finalize sales, to the online paradigm of ‘goods going to customers’, with sales being typically performed on e-commerce platforms. This phenomenon has a great impact on the dynamics of a purchase. In the offline case, customers can directly see, handle, and test the product (test $\rightarrow$ buy). Conversely, when the purchase is made online, the evaluation of the product takes place only at a later stage (buy $\rightarrow$ test).

To overcome the risk perceived by customers in online shopping due to the missing touch and feel experience, many online retailers implement incentives in the form of lenient return policies that allow the refund of the full price and the inexpensive, often free, return of the product in case of dissatisfaction [ 1 ]. As a consequence, the average return rate observed in online sales is markedly higher than that of brick-and-mortar retailers. For example, the apparel industry reports a return rate of 9% and 20% for the offline and the online channels, respectively [ 2 ].

While lenient return policies can sometimes increase the volume of items purchased more than the volume of items returned [ 3 ], the cost of the related reverse logistic network is, nevertheless, considerably high. In 2007, the cost of product returns, which accounts, among others, for inventory holding and product handling costs, was estimated at $100 billion per year, or as an average loss per company of about 3.8% in profit [ 4 ]; this loss increased to $428 billion for US retailers in 2020 [ 5 ]. The electronics industry alone is reported to spend approximately $14 billion every year on product returns through repacking, restocking, and reselling, with only about 5% of returns due to defective items [ 6 ]. Furthermore, a large amount of the value of a returned product is eroded in the return process itself [ 7 ], and although companies try to mitigate this issue through alternative strategies (i.e., re-distribution of products in mint or good conditions, product re-manufacturing or scraping of parts), the final loss can be as high as 45% of the overall asset value [ 8 ]. Environmental impact is also a factor, with online returns producing 14% more landfill waste compared to in-store returns [ 9 ], to the extent that environmental sustainability frameworks have been developed to solve the issue [ 10 ]. Therefore, it is crucial to correctly identify the motivations behind product returns, to address the causes of discontent beforehand, prevent the misalignment between product features and buyer expectations, and keep the return rate at a minimum while increasing customer satisfaction.

To collect the return reasons on e-commerce platforms, retailers usually resort to a list of predefined causes, and buyers are asked to select one of these options. This list is often generic and equally applied to all products, especially in multi-vendor marketplaces, despite the intrinsic differences among goods belonging to distinct categories. Footwear and apparel items, for example, are more prone to fit or size-related problems [ 11 ], than to damages or defects. As a consequence, the return reasons made available to customers may be inadequate to punctually reflect the causes of their dissatisfaction.

Unlike offline sellers, online retailers can leverage a prominent asset represented by online customer reviews. Various studies analyzed the importance of product reviews, showing how customer feedback can improve several aspects of the product life-cycle and helps buyers make better-informed decisions. At the same time, customer reviews embed a valuable source of information that has been, for example, used to retrieve product features and opinions [ 12 ], as well as customer concerns [ 13 ]. We believe that customer reviews can be effectively exploited by retailers also to identify, classify, and address the reasons for product returns.

Although most studies agree on the negative effect of unmet customer expectations [ 14 ], the interpretation on how customer feedback impacts their behavior appears highly dependent on the product category. For instance, some authors report that the valence (score) of reviews and sales are positively correlated in the case of movies [ 15 , 16 ]. Other studies, focused on consumer electronics and video games, highlight the difference between search products (i.e., goods that consumers can evaluate by specific attributes before purchase) and experience products (which are more difficult to describe using specific attributes), with the former being more affected by the valence of the reviews, and the latter by their amount [ 17 ]. These findings emphasize the peculiarities of different goods and call for the development of tools able to identify the specific reasons for return pertaining to products in distinct categories.

The present paper aims to advance the existing research by proposing a data-driven approach, based on Natural Language Processing (NLP), that outlines product return causes from the reviews collected on e-commerce platforms. Our study contributes to the literature by widening previous works in terms of scope and applied methodologies. From one side, other authors applied language processing tools to textual customer feedback. However, their goal was to predict customer satisfaction for specific sectors or products, as illustrated in Sect. 2 . From the other, topic modeling was applied to explore the reasons for product returns [ 18 ], similarly to our work. However, the authors focused on one single category (i.e., luxury items) and employed one modeling technique. Furthermore, they based their analysis on texts extracted from return forms instead of customer reviews. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first systematic analysis of return motivations across several product categories generated from customer reviews by applying different topic modeling methods. Therefore, by accounting for multiple product categories it enables the detection of cross-category insights that can be leveraged to design common return policies. At the same time, it outlines reasons for return that are not dependent on a specific technique, and whose reliability is verified by applying different topic modeling methods.

The data-driven strategy proposed in the paper is composed by three main phases, given by data selection, return reasons inference, and return causes analysis. In particular, from the Amazon Review Dataset [ 19 ], which contains about 233.1 million reviews of products divided into 29 categories, we extracted a subset of reviews discussing product returns and applied topic modeling to gain insights and shape the main reasons for the return. These reasons were validated by comparing the results achieved through four topic modeling techniques, represented by classical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [ 20 ], conventional variants specifically designed for short texts, namely Biterm Topic Model [ 21 ] and Self-Aggregation based Topic Model [ 22 ], and BERTopic [ 23 ], a topic generation method using a transformer-based word embedding. The same causes were also compared to a detailed list of motivations used by Amazon with third-party sellers for handling prepaid returns. This comparison showed that the product-agnostic strategy currently used on the e-commerce platform to collect the return causes is unsuited to capture the existing relationship between these causes and the product features, which is instead reflected in the set of reasons inferred, for each category, through our approach. To achieve further category-level evidences, we also identified some trends occurred in each product category over time, and performed sentiment analysis on the selected corpus of reviews.

The manuscript is organized as follows. Section 2 presents a review of the main achievements in the research fields related to our work. Section 3 briefly illustrates the topic generation approaches, together with the customer reviews dataset and the proposed experimental settings. Results and managerial implications are discussed in Sect. 4 , while conclusions and future research developments are drawn in Sect. 5 .

2 Literature review

Our paper spans three distinct but related areas: the problem of product returns for online retailers, the analysis of online reviews to gain insights into the user purchasing behavior, and the application of NLP techniques to extract knowledge from customer feedback. This section is, therefore, devoted to summarizing the main studies on the aforementioned subjects useful to frame our work in the respective research fields. Reviews focused on the current and perspective state of the literature discussing product return are presented in [ 24 , 25 ].

Product returns and customer reviews Product returns in the online retailing industry received great attention in the literature, as they play a prominent role from both the economic and the reputation perspective [ 7 ]. Since the flow of returned products is strictly connected to the return policies in place, several authors analyzed how less or more lenient policies can influence customer satisfaction [ 26 , 27 ], sales [ 28 ], and profit [ 6 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Other works, instead, investigated the mechanisms to decrease the uncertainty affecting the purchasing process, such as online forums [ 32 ] or the use of online product inspection technologies [ 33 ], given that a key driver to reduce the amount of returned products is the matching between the actual product features and the customer expectations [ 34 ].

Customer reviews were also extensively examined, primarily for the implications they bring to the customer decisions, from both a theoretical [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] and an empirical viewpoint. Several works, for instance, analyzed the empirical relation between reviews and customer purchase behaviour [ 38 , 40 , 41 , 42 ], sales [ 16 , 43 , 44 ], and pricing [ 34 ]. Another relevant stream focused on the impact exerted on sales by different reviews-based quantitative dimensions such as valence, volume, and variance, measured on the rating assigned by customers, the number of evaluations, and the dispersion of the ratings, respectively. A positive correlation between these factors and sales was shown for online book retailers [ 43 ] and in the industry of movies and TV shows [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Similar results were presented in [ 17 ], where the valence of the reviews was proven to be positively correlated with sales, especially for search products, whereas their volume has a greater effect on experience products. The studies reported above showed that the impact of these factors, when taken individually, cannot be generalized to a larger set of product categories. To tackle the discrepancies in the effects of these factors, several studies [ 15 , 42 , 48 ] considered them by taking into account their mutual interactions.

While product returns and customer reviews were investigated separately with respect to the purchasing process, fewer attempts were made to explore their potential interplay. In this regard, studies were proposed to analyze the extent to which the valence of customer reviews may influence the return rate [ 39 ], sometimes by focusing on specific product categories like fashion, as in [ 49 ]. Other studies were, instead, devoted to evaluating the effects of overly positive rating [ 50 ], or the relationship between product returns and the willingness to leave a review [ 51 ].

NLP methods on customer reviews Another research area of interest is focused on the use of textual processing tools to leverage information from customer feedback. In this context, the primary purpose is to retrieve and/or summarize the product features and the consumer opinion by analyzing customer comments.

Summarization and extraction of relevant features by means of semantic analysis rules are, for instance, discussed in [ 52 , 53 , 54 ], whereas in [ 12 ] these features are retrieved from a collection of customer reviews by a mixed approach made of a kernel-based model and a statistical mapping between words. Classical textual representation models, such as TF-IDF and word2vec, were employed in [ 55 ] to classify customer comments into predefined concern codes, while a combination of NLP and deep learning techniques is exploited in [ 56 ] to understand the reasons behind customer perception. Customer reviews are used in [ 57 ] to extract topics and, subsequently, the emotions felt by customers while interacting with robotic servants in hotels.

In the NLP domain, a natural technique for the analysis of textual information is topic modeling. Its aim is to discover abstract topics within a collection of documents by identifying recurring themes or patterns in the text data. Among these techniques, LDA-based methods has been widely explored to predict customer satisfaction in different sectors, such as restaurants, hotels [ 58 , 59 , 60 ] and banks [ 61 ], and for specific products, like baby pacifiers [ 62 ], light food [ 63 ], and MP3 players [ 59 ]. Similar approaches have been proposed to identify opinion features from online reviews [ 64 ].

To the best of our knowledge, the use of topic modeling to investigate product returns is largely unexplored. The study closest to the present work is given by [ 18 ], where the authors perform a topic generation task on customers’ feedback, collected through return forms, of a luxury-home goods company. Unlike this work, our study resorts to online, free-text customer reviews as the documents for knowledge extraction, and copes with the return causes for a wide range of product categories, thus accounting for the specificity of each group. Moreover, compared to the previous work in which a single topic modeling method (i.e., LDA) is used, different techniques are here applied and the robustness of the outlined return causes is evaluated across all of them.

3.1 Topic modeling for return causes extraction

In the following section, the methodological steps used to extract return caused from customer reviews though topic modeling are reported. Note that, for the sake of readability, a short definition of the most common terminology of topic modeling is reported in Table 1 .

Four topic modeling methods were considered for deriving the main reasons for product returns. The first and most classical is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [ 20 ]. In this model, each document d within a given corpus D is assumed to be the result of a stochastic generation process comprising words that belong to a random mixture of K latent topics. In LDA the distribution $\theta _d$ of topics in a document is supposed to be the realization of a Dirichlet distribution, $\theta _d \sim \text {Dir}(\alpha )$ . Furthermore, each word w in the corpus is assumed to belong to a topic, with each topic having its own distribution $\phi _k \sim \text {Dir}(\beta )$ over the words forming the dictionary.

Despite their well-proven effectiveness on large and medium documents, conventional topic modeling methods, such as LDA, generally perform poorly when applied to short texts like the user-generated content on online platforms and social media. The performance degradation over short-texts corpora is due to their severe lack of word co-occurrence information at a document-level, which is implicitly captured by classical models for extracting the topics. To overcome this data sparsity issue several approaches have been developed [ 65 ]. Among these, we focused on the Biterm Topic Model (BTM) [ 21 ], which is among the earliest works proposed for short texts, and the Self-Aggregation based Topic Model (SATM) [ 22 ].

The distinctive trait of BTM lies in the idea of explicitly modeling the co-occurrence patterns in the whole corpus instead of the patterns at a document-level, which are much harder to trace in documents containing a small number of words. In BTM, co-occurrence patterns are represented by biterms, defined as unordered pairs of words co-occurred in a short context. Biterms are first extracted from the corpus, and the inference is then performed on them. Compared to LDA, BTM was shown to reveal more coherent topics [ 21 ] and generally requires a greater computational time, since the set of biterms can be significantly larger than the document length. However, the amount of memory required by BTM is shown to increase less rapidly than LDA with regards to the number of documents and the number of topics [ 66 ].

A different approach is implemented in SATM, in which the problem of data sparsity is tackled by aggregating short texts with similar topics into longer texts before inferring the ultimate set of latent topics. In particular, given the assumption that each short document in the corpus, $d\in D$ , is sampled from an unobserved long pseudo-document $l \in P$ in the text collection, with $|D|\gg |P|$ , SATM employs a two-step procedure, in which a standard topic modeling (e.g., LDA) is first run on the dataset of short texts and the derived topics are then used to generate longer documents, called pseudo-texts, to increase the word co-occurrence. It is worth noticing that finding the optimal number of pseudo-documents that best suits a dataset, and which likely depends on the optimal topic count [ 22 ], requires a large amount of computation. On the other hand, the pseudo-document framework was shown to be extremely effective in case of data sparsity, outperforming both LDA and BTM in some application domains.

Finally, BERTopic was also considered. As the name implies, this method uses a pre-trained Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) language model. This model considers both the preceding and the succeeding context of each word to generate a document-level vectorial representation that takes into account semantic relationships between words and phrases (text embedding), via a deep learning architecture. A dimensionality reduction technique is then applied, followed by a clustering method on this reduced representation to obtain the topics (clusters). Lastly, the semantic description of the topics is derived from a modified version of the TF-IDF method, which quantifies the importance of terms in a document according to their relative frequency. In this modified version, documents are composed of the set of comments belonging to the same cluster.

3.2 Customer reviews dataset

The purpose of the study is to apply topic modeling to identify the main factors driving product returns across diverse product categories. To the best of our knowledge, no (publicly available) dataset exists that specifically collects the feedback given by customers while returning their purchase. For this reason, the Amazon Review Dataset [ 19 ], called ARD hereafter, was chosen as the source of information.

ARD contains 233.1 million reviews for products divided into 29 categories. The reviews span from May 1996 to October 2018, with about 95% being from 2011 or later. Since the object of investigation are the causes of returns, from ARD we extracted a subset of data suitable to the desired goal. In particular, a two-step filtering procedure was applied to the available reviews. In the first step, comments in each product category were processed to keep only the reviews containing either one of the following words: return , returned , returning . To increase the robustness and representativeness of the results, in the second step we retained only the categories satisfying at least one of the following three conditions: 1) they contained at least 150k comments, 2) their filtered size was larger than 2.5% of their original size (i.e., before filtering), 3) the ratio between the number of reviews and the number of products was above a given threshold (here fixed to 0.6). These conditions were empirically found to generate a set of categories that is sufficiently large to be a representative and heterogeneous sample and, at the same time, for which the number of comments associated to returns covers an adequate portion of the products within each category.

It is worth noticing that, filtering the data using the aforementioned keywords might not guarantee to keep only the comments discussing product returns. Indeed, there are categories that naturally contain a high rate of false positives: for instance, books whose title contains return -related words, such as “The Return of the King”, or software to file tax returns. For this reason, to base our analysis on a more reliable set of data, from the list of categories obtained after the filtering process we also dropped “Books” and “Software”.

The final subset used consists of the 12 categories listed in Table 2 . The table also contains a detailed description of each group of product reviews in terms of original size (i.e., original number of reviews), filtered size, final size (i.e., number of reviews after filtering and texts preprocessing, see Sect. 3.3 ), and the ratio of final size to original size (in percentage). As can be inferred from the table, the final set of reviews under analysis formed a corpus composed by more than 3.4 million documents.

3.3 Texts preprocessing

Prior to the return causes extraction, some preprocessing was performed to make the collection of texts suitable for topic modeling.

As depicted in Fig. 1 , the raw dataset achieved after filtering was cleaned by removing from each document (i.e., review) undesired characters or terms, such as punctuation marks, emails, hashtags, html tags, web links, and by converting all words to lower case. In a second step, lemmatization was applied through the WordNetLemmatizer available in the NLTK library [ 67 ], and all the stopwords included in the library’s list of English stopwords were removed. Moreover, from the entire collection of lemmas we retained only those classified as either verbs or adjectives by the Part-of-speech (POS) tagging technique implemented in NLTK. This step turned out to be extremely useful in the identification and the distinction of topics, describing the cause of the return, from the products being returned, especially in all cases when nouns, representing the name of the products, were kept in the text. Finally, an evaluation phase was carried out by estimating an LDA model and analyzing the resulting topics. All the words shared by multiple topics were inspected and added to the stopwords list in case they were recognized as stopwords. This last phase, therefore, further improved the quality of the texts at hand by inducing a retro-action based on the identification of new stopwords to remove, as depicted in Fig. 1 . The entire process was iterated until no novel stopwords were added. It is worth mentioning that, in this phase, LDA was chosen as the model guiding the stopwords list enrichment mainly for its computational time, which is lower compared to BTM, SATM, and BERTopic, at least for their currently available implementation.

The average length of the reviews, defined as the average number of terms contained in the documents, and the size of the dictionary, given by the number of distinct words, obtained after preprocessing are provided in Table 2 for each product category.

Flowchart summarizing the texts preprocessing scheme

3.4 Selection of the number of topics

The number K of topics to be inferred is the main hyperparameter provided in input to any topic modeling and plays a fundamental role. Indeed, an insufficient number of topics may generate coarse models, in which the meaning behind each topic is too broad. On the other hand, if K is too large, the model may lose effectiveness by including useless topics or topics sharing too much similarity.

Finding the number of topics that enables the best topic model is still an open question in the literature and is not trivial when dealing with unstructured document sets, such as the collection of customer feedback. Indeed, compared to corpora for which the number of topics is known a priori, such as manually curated collections, for unstructured document sets the number of relevant themes is unknown. The common strategy relies on an iterative approach, in which different models are obtained by varying the number of topics and the best-quality model is then selected, where the quality can be computed through various measurements based, for instance, on the notion of perplexity, as in [ 20 ], or on more comprehensive indices [ 68 ].

Among the quality criteria proposed so far, our attention was drawn to metrics grasping the coherence of the topics, where topics, here given by return causes, are said to be coherent if they support each other [ 69 ]. Coherence measures were investigated in scientific philosophy as a way to quantify how well pieces of information hang and fit together [ 70 ]. In particular, a set made of coherent topics can be interpreted in a context covering all or most of them. The goal of getting interpretable return reasons was, precisely, the main motivation for our choice.

To quantify the coherence of the topics, four different metrics, denoted as $C_{UCI}$ , $U_{MASS}$ , $C_{NPMI}$ and $C_V$ , were employed. $C_{UCI}$ uses the point-wise mutual information (PMI) between two words and the word co-occurrence counts in a sliding window that moves over an external corpus, such as Wikipedia. $U_{MASS}$ is based on the document co-occurrence and counts the number of documents containing two words over the same corpus used to train the topic model. $C_{NPMI}$ resorts to the normalized PMI (NPMI), whereas $C_V$ , proposed more recently, is a combination of the cosine measure, the NPMI and the boolean sliding window. For a detailed description of these criteria the reader may refer to [ 69 ] and the references therein. All of these metrics were proven to generate topic ratings, according to their quality, which are close to human coherence judgments. However, since they perform differently on distinct datasets, and a dominant criterion does not exist, the final decision was taken by comparing the scores of the four metrics valued as a whole.

Examples of score curves computed for each coherence metric and topic modeling are shown in Fig. 2 , where higher scores are supposedly assigned to models revealing more coherent topics. These curves report the normalized coherence values and were built by varying the number of topics K for each topic modeling in the interval (1, 20). For readability reasons, Fig. 2 collects the results for one product category, i.e., “Cell Phones and Accessories”. The curves for all categories are reported in the supplementary materials.

Curves of the min-max normalized coherence scores for each topic modeling applied on the reviews in the category “Cell Phones and Accessories”. The curves were obtained by varying the number K of topics in the range (1, 20), with step size one

Different behaviors can be observed for the four topic models. In particular, LDA shows consistent similarities in the trends of all metrics with the exception of $U_{MASS}$ . These metrics show a similar dampened upward trend, whereas $U_{MASS}$ exhibits an opposite behavior. This is observed across all categories with the exception of “Luxury Beauty”. A similar interpretation holds also for SATM and BTM, although the two models, especially BTM, present higher fluctuations in the curves and differ in their trend for a higher number of product categories (e.g., “Amazon Fashion” for both SATM and BTM, “Electronics” and “Musical Instruments” for BTM). All metrics show an entirely different behavior for BERTopic where, across most categories, all the curves typically have a downward trend dampening for low values in the number of topics.

The coherence scores were used to identify the regions, i.e., intervals for K , where to focus the selection of the most promising number of topics. The final decision was then taken by comparing the quality of the models generated in these intervals in terms of interpretability of the resulting topics. The number of topics ultimately set for each topic modeling and product category is reported in Table 3 . Notice that, on average, the value of K deemed appropriate for LDA, based on the coherence measures and the models assessment, was slightly larger than BTM and SATM and on par with that of BERTopic.

To confirm ex-post the appropriateness of our choice, we finally built for each model and category the intertopic distance map, which enables the visualization of the topics in the form of bubbles projected in a two-dimensional space via multidimensional scaling. The size of each bubble is proportional to the prevalence of the topic within the collection of reviews, while the distance between bubbles indicates how similar are the topics they represent, based on the their word distribution. By looking at the maps as the one in Fig. 3 , obtained for “Cell Phones and Accessories” by using LDA, we observed that the models based on the selected number of topics gave rise to uniformly large, fairly scattered, and moderately overlapping bubbles, as it is commonly required by topic models of good quality. The plots for all the categories are reported in the supplementary materials.

Intertopic distance map for LDA applied to the reviews in the category “Cell Phones and Accessories”, by setting $K=11$

3.5 Other topic modeling hyperparameters

While the number of topics was tuned for each method, other main hyperparameters were set at their default values. Table 4 collects the parameters set for LDA, BTM, and SATM, given by $\alpha$ and $\beta$ , which regulate the document-topic and topic-word density, respectively, the number of words to extract for each topic, the maximum number of iterations and, for SATM, the number of pseudo-documents and a threshold on the probability $\eta$ of the occurrence of a pseudo-document conditioned on a piece of short text snippet, as suggested in [ 22 ]. Table 5 shows, instead, the modules used in BERTopic and their hyperparameters. Specifically, the embedding was obtained through a pre-trained model, the dimensionality reduction relied on a manifold learning technique, reduced vectors were clustered according to a hierarchical density-based method, and the topic description was based on a modified version of TF-IDF. Notice that, BERTopic was applied on the same corpus of processed texts used for the other methods, since the semantic descriptions of the topics extracted were found to be more informative compared to those inferred from the unfiltered texts. Moreover, since the default clustering method used in BERTopic is not complete, the comments not associated to any cluster were grouped into the same topic referred to as Topic 0.

4 Results and discussion

4.1 evaluation and comparison of the topic models.

In the absence of a gold-standard list of topics to be used as benchmark, the evaluation of a topic model is usually performed by “eye-balling” the topics word-list, to analyze the most representative terms associated to each topic. Indeed, the ease of labeling a topic based on the top words in the list can be seen as a proxy of its coherence and degree of interpretability and, hence, as an expression of its quality.

Figure 4 shows the ten most relevant words for each of the topics inferred from the reviews of “Cell Phones and Accessories”, by using LDA, BTM, SATM and BERTopic, respectively. By analyzing these terms we were able to devise, for each topic, a textual description, called return cause label , which summarizes the return reason expressed by the topic. These labels were used to investigate the potential existence of common return causes across the categories and to analyze the reasons extracted by topic modeling towards the set of options made available on the e-commerce platform, as illustrated in Sect. 4.2 .

Top ten words (out of the set of 20 words extracted) for each topic inferred by LDA, BTM, SATM, and BERTopic applied on the reviews of the “Cell Phones and Accessories” category

To set up a comparison across the topic modeling approaches, each review in a product category was assigned to a single topic, namely the topic with the highest estimated probability of occurring in that document. This unique allocation was performed for all the models, in order to evaluate the similarity of the review-to-topic assignment and the consistency of the topic labeling. To this aim, for selected pairs of models we built a contingency table based on the distribution of the reviews over the topics, and graphically displayed the results through heatmaps, as those reported in Fig. 5 for “Cell Phones and Accessories”.

Heatmaps representation of the contingency tables used to compare the assignment of the reviews in “Cell Phones and Accessories” across the topics, for selected pairs of topic models. The color scale ranges according to the maximum number of reviews assigned to a pair of topics. Lighter colors denote larger proportions and, therefore, a higher agreement of the models in the reviews allocation to their own topic

Various conclusions can be drawn by analyzing the contingency tables and the related heatmaps. The high incidence of some review-to-topic assignments, combined with the congruence of the most relevant terms describing the topics in different models, validate the interpretation of the topic word lists and support the adequacy of the topic labeling. For instance, the majority of the reviews in “Cell Phones and Accessories” associated to topics discussing quality problems in LDA (i.e., Topic 0 and Topic 8), were assigned to their closest equivalent in SATM (i.e., Topic 7 and Topic 4, respectively), with the mutual pairs of topics sharing top representative terms. Similarly, a notable proportion of reviews were linked in both models to install (LDA-Topic 10 and SATM-Topic 2), battery charging (LDA-Topic 7 and SATM-Topic 5), and audio quality (LDA-Topic 2 and SATM-Topic 0) issues.

The assignments based on BTM were intrinsically affected by the choice of K , which turned out to be smaller than the other models. While a certain affinity can be established between BTM and SATM, for which a large part of the customer comments were traced back to battery charging problems (BTM-Topic 1 and SATM-Topic 5), the same is less evident for BTM and LDA. It is worth noticing that BTM assigned the vast majority of the documents to a small subset of return causes out of the entire set of inferred reasons, namely Topic 1 and Topic 2 for “Cell Phones and Accessories”. The same behavior was also shown for BTM models with a larger number of topics, with the majority of the reviews being typically distributed over two or three topics, and is consistent across all the categories. This rules out the case of distinct return causes being forced to fit in a single topic as a result of a wrong choice of K . It also denotes the lower capability of BTM, compared to LDA and SATM, to distinguish the topics of the corpus at hand, despite its higher coherence scores.

Various considerations can be made by analyzing the results of BERTopic. First, a considerable portion of the documents were assigned to Topic 0, the one used to label outlying documents. Second, BERTopic-Topic 1 and 3 are observed to discuss similar subjects, i.e., the quality of products and accessories/replacements. A comparison with LDA yields interesting results. Specifically, BERTopic-Topic 1 appears to incorporate also the installation issue, which is present in LDA-Topic 1 and 10. BERTopic-Topic 2 complements BERTopic-Topic 1 and contains documents mostly labeled with LDA-Topic 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7, which discuss issues in the product use, such as poor connection and phone charging. Overall, while BERTopic results appear to be informative, the fact that documents are concentrated in a reduced number of topics makes the interpretation of the topics themselves harder.

As a final remark, we observed that the topics outlined for some product categories sometimes reflect return causes connected to sub-categories. This is, for instance, the case of “Pet Supplies”, where some topics seem to be specifically focused on litter boxes, pet food, toys, and leashes. These sub-categories, moreover, can be addressed differently by the distinct models. For example, in “Clothing Shoes and Jewelry” (see Fig. 6 ), the topics in LDA discussing size-related issues (Topics 0 and 1) seem to refer to footwear and clothes, whereas SATM makes a distinction between footwear comfort and size (Topics 0 and 5) and jeans and dresses size (Topics 2 and 3). These differences have a natural impact on the shapes of the heatmaps, and justify the topic assignment of some reviews. In light of this finding, it is indeed reasonable that comments associated to LDA-Topic 0 ( Sizing issue (footwear) ) were mostly assigned to SATM-Topic 0 and SATM-Topic 5, or that reviews attributed to LDA-Topic 1 ( Sizing issue (clothes) ) were, for the large part, linked to SATM-Topic 2 and SATM-Topic 3.

Heatmap representation of the review-to-topic assignment for LDA and SATM in the “Clothing Shoes and Jewelry” category, highlighting the similarity in the assignment of the two methodologies

4.2 Comparison between currently available and inferred return causes

Given that none of the topic models consistently outperformed the others in terms of model coherence and topic interpretability, and that methods designed for short-texts corpora didn’t bring significant benefits, despite their usefulness in validating the results, in this section we focus on the outcomes of classical LDA. This final analysis aims to show how the generic return causes displayed by Amazon to the customers during the return process do not fully capture the actual causes, expressed by the users in the reviews. In particular, the proven dependency of the return reasons on the product category implies the need of devising specific causes for each group of products, to identify the major source of dissatisfaction. However, this dependency is not reflected in the product-agnostic list of options made available to the customers on the e-commerce platform.

The results are shown in Table 6 , where the rows report the return causes available at the time of writing (rows 21-32) and those outlined by LDA (rows 1-22), indicated through their own label. Check marks are used in the table to indicate the presence of LDA-inferred causes in the list of available options, as well as their association to the different product categories. Finally, the last column shows the inclusion of each return reason in a list of causes provided by Amazon to third-party sellers to help them in the return process [ 73 ]. This list, reported in the supplementary materials, consists of 66 unique return codes which can be grouped, based on their meaning, according to the return reasons reported in Table 6 . Although it seems to be intended for back-end management purposes, the comparison of this list with the set of outlined return causes can further shed light on the usefulness of the proposed study.

From the analysis of Table 6 various comments can be made. First, the most frequent return causes revealed from the reviews across all categories refer to malfunctioning, defective or poor-quality products. These causes are properly covered both by the list of available options (label Item defective or doesn’t work ) and the set of extracted causes (labels Item defective or doesn’t work and Product quality issue ).

Second, some of the reasons proposed to the customer, and applied equally to all the categories, are sometimes too generic. For example, the option Inaccurate website description is unable to grasp the real motivation for a product return in the categories including clothes and footwear, for which issues related to wearability ( Sizing issue (clothes & footwear) ), comfort ( Comfort ) and color ( Color issue ) are instead reported in the customer feedback. For certain categories, therefore, it would be worthwhile to fine-tune the set of available options, to directly find out the product features giving rise to the return.

Third, the table demonstrates how different categories are actually linked to distinct causes, also highlighting the presence of return reasons that are confined to one single category and, as such, that might deserve attention. This is the case, for example, of noisy products within the category “Home and Kitchen” or of smelly goods in “Luxury Beauty”.

Fourth, the table shows that a significant number of novel return reasons play indeed a relevant role, being included in the set of causes used by the company with third-party sellers. This achievement confirms the need of making use of a more detailed list of reasons to accurately investigate the return causes, and supports the purpose of this study which paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding and management of product returns.

Finally, it is useful to mention that the set of inferred causes is not meant to replace the currently available list of options, since the latter contains reasons that can be hardly detected by topic modeling. In general, all the causes which are not directly connected to the product’s features or behavior, such as damaged shipping boxes or delays in the delivery, aren’t usually reported in the customer reviews and, therefore, cannot be extracted by language processing tools. Nevertheless, the set of outlined reasons can enrich and complement the currently available options, to mitigate product returns through adequate improvement measures and enhance the customer experience in the return process.

4.3 Return causes insights and managerial implications

To gather further insights on the return reasons and provide category-level evidences useful from the managerial perspective, we identified some trends occurred in each product category over time, and performed additional analysis by evaluating the sentiment expressed in the selected corpus of reviews.

The distribution of the return causes, together with the overall amount of reviews collected, was investigated for the years 2004-2018 (accounting for 99.8% of the selected reviews), to check for differences among product categories. Figures 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 show the results for categories standing out in this regard (see the supplementary materials for the figures of all categories). Interestingly, for “Amazon Fashion” the main causes of product return progressively shifted from logistic and quality-related aspects to sizing issues (Fig. 7 ). A similar phenomenon was observed for “Clothing Shoes and Jewelry”, for which an increasing incidence of reviews dealing with the items size was recorded, especially by 2013 (Fig. 8 ). On one hand, these insights show a general improvement of the service offered by the platform since 2004 in the form, for example, of a reduced number of delivered wrong items. On the other hand, they shed light on possible users’ behavioural changes due to the lenient return policies, which encourage customers to avoid buying products without trying them first, at the cost of a potential return. Technological advancements might, instead, explain the changing distribution of different return causes for “Cell Phones and Accessories” in the given time horizon. With the spread of smartphones and their rapid increase in performance, audio quality and phone signal gradually became less of an issue, and other return reasons played a more relevant role, such as those related to accessories and replacements, installation (possibly for mobile applications), and battery charging. Even more evident trends were revealed for “Video Games”, which might reflect both the technological improvement and the evolution experienced in the market (Fig. 10 ). Indeed, the decrease in prominence of graphics quality issues was steadily offset by the growing prevalence of audio quality problems, which can be traced back to the advent of online gaming.

Number of reviews ( a ) and topic distribution ( b ) over time for the “Amazon Fashion” category, highlighting the evolution of review incidence and that of return reasons

Number of reviews ( a ) and topic distribution ( b ) over time for the “Clothing Shoes and Jewelry” category, highlighting the evolution of review incidence and that of return reasons

Number of reviews ( a ) and topic distribution ( b ) over time for the “Cell Phones and Accessories” category, highlighting the evolution of review incidence and that of return reasons

Number of reviews ( a ) and topic distribution ( b ) over time for the “Video Games” category, highlighting the evolution of review incidence and that of return reasons

The outcome of topic modeling was also combined with sentiment analysis, to evaluate whether some return causes gave origin to a more explicitly manifested dissatisfaction than others. To this aim, we applied VADER (Valence Aware Dictionary for sEntiment Reasoning) [ 74 ], a rule-based model able to assess both the polarity (positive, negative, or neutral) and the intensity of the sentiment in a given text. The results of this analysis for the same categories discussed above are shown in part (a) of Figs. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , whereas the output for all categories are reported in the supplementary materials. The plot referred to a given category displays, for each return reason, the so called compound score, which is a measure of the underlying sentiment of a text comprised between -1 and +1, and computed on the positivity, neutrality, and negativity scores generated by the model. It is worth to mention that, positive and negative sentiments are associated to compound scores $\ge 0.05$ and $\le -0.05$ , respectively, while neutrality is expressed by the remaining values. An interesting, and quite surprising, evidence was the overall tendency of the reviews of unveiling neutral or mildly positive sentiment. At a certain extent, this result may be due to the reviewers’ indulgence promoted by the easy and low-expensive return policy currently in place at Amazon, which alleviates customers’ irritation toward the purchasing of products that do not match their expectations. On the other hand, a negative average sentiment was observed for three topics referred, respectively, to product quality, defective items, and wrong items delivered. This outcome, consistent for all the categories, entails a strong indication on the customers’ most displeasing factors and can be leveraged when defining the priority of intervention and drafting the proper corrective actions.

Additional insights were gathered by analysing, for each topic, the distribution of the ratings of the associated reviews (part (b) of Figs. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ). In particular, it was observed that the lowest average rating was assigned to reviews dealing with product quality issues. This result is in line with the sentiment analysis findings and further emphasises the prominent role played by low quality-related return reasons compared to the others.

The distribution of the return causes and the sentiment analysis supported the evidence that, for certain categories, defective or poor-quality products are the focal point of return-related reviews. Going more into detail, the first analysis allowed also to grasp the relative incidence of different product quality dimensions, and how it changed over time. Taken together, these empirical findings have relevant managerial implications, since they help e-commerce platforms in prioritizing the actions useful to contrast product returns.

Despite the complete prevention of quality-related issues is hard in practice, some strategies can be put in place. For example, it would be recommended to define and apply clear and stringent product standards, eventually providing the sellers with training programs and resources to meet the aforementioned standards and offer high-quality products. Applying stricter quality controls to check the integrity of the products before the order fulfillment would be likewise beneficial. This recommended action might also guide the investment in AI-based technologies aimed, for example, at automatically detecting damaged packages, defective parts or counterfeit products. Another useful intervention could be enhancing the product display. In its simplest form, this means providing a more comprehensive and adherent product description, or using high-resolution images which accurately depict the product from multiple angles, to mitigate the misalignment between product key features and customer expectations. More expensive strategies could enable the usage of interactive images or of virtual try-on or Augmented Reality technologies, which allow customers to visualize how the product fits or looks in the target environment. Besides a better examination of the product quality, this action would offer a more immersive shopping experience and would be helpful also to address size-related issues.

Another aspect worthy of attention is the growing number of reviews consistently observed for all product categories until 2016, when any form of “incentivized reviews” tied, for example, to free or discounted products was prohibited by Amazon, except for those within its own invitation-only review program. The constant decrease recorded thereafter doesn’t bode well, since customer feedbacks are nowadays recognized as one of the most valuable tools that e-commerce websites offer to foster more informed purchase decisions. In light of this, further actions to be taken could be devoted to design and implement mechanisms to encourage genuine user reviews. For example, by leveraging gamification elements, to make the review process more fun and rewarding, or by showing how past customer feedbacks influenced the buying behaviour or contributed to product improvements.

The present study is focused on a specific online retailer. However, the variety and heterogeneity of the categories of products analyzed make the results potentially useful for other retailers, both online and offline. For example, based on the findings that the overall wearability of a garment plays a prominent role, retailers in the clothing sector may refine their offering to include products promoting good fit design and comfort, or may inform marketing campaigns highlighting these features. As another example, while preserving the quality of the products offered at all times, retailers of consumer electronics may enhance customer service by providing more accurate assistance, based on a deeper knowledge on products accessories, replacements and installation. It is worthwhile to notice that also the methodological framework here presented is not a prerogative of e-commerce retailers directly collecting customers feedback in their portal, but can be proficiently adapted to different retail environments and purposes. Consider, for example, the possibility of analysing the corpus of customer reviews gathered by third parties, such as search engines or social networks on the Web, with the aim of identifying the main topics therein addressed to understand what customers appreciate about the products/services offered, where there may be areas for improvement, or to compare the content of the reviews with those of competitors to identify potential strengths and weaknesses.

Topic sentiment as measured by the VADER compound score ( a ), and rating expressed by the customers ( b ), for the “Amazon Fashion” category

Topic sentiment as measured by the VADER compound score ( a ), and rating expressed by the customers ( b ), for the “Clothing Shoes and Jewelry” category

Topic sentiment as measured by the VADER compound score ( a ), and rating expressed by the customers ( b ), for the “Cell Phones and Accessories” category

Topic sentiment as measured by the VADER compound score ( a ), and rating expressed by the customers ( b ), for the “Video Games” category

5 Conclusions and future works

In this paper topic modeling was applied to a corpus of customer reviews with the aim of revealing the main reasons for product returns for an online retailer. In particular, different topic modeling were used and compared on the publicly available Amazon Review Dataset, from which a subset of textual documents (i.e., reviews), specifically focused on returned products, was extracted.

The proposed methodology enabled the discovery of rich category-dependent sets of return reasons that can be potentially exploited by e-commerce companies to reduce the rate of product returns and the cost of the reverse logistic network. Indeed, a deeper knowledge on the return root causes can help online retailers to act proactively; for example, by improving the information made available for each product through more adherent product descriptions, by better supporting the customer return activities in the post-purchase phase, and by implementing more informed returns management strategies.

The findings of the current study must be evaluated in light of two major limitations. From one side, results were achieved and discussed for a unique set of customer reviews. Although the original Amazon Review Dataset is rather large (233.1 million reviews) and comprehends a wide variety of product categories, collecting further outcomes on additional data sources would corroborate the robustness and generalizability of the methodology at hand. To the best of our knowledge, however, no dataset of comparable size, and informative keywords, made up by textual customers’ feedback is publicly available at the time of writing. From the other, the work is focused on the usage of topic modeling techniques and, therefore, naturally inherits their limitations and drawbacks. Among these, the sensitivity to the text preprocessing steps (i.e., tokenization, stop-word removal, stemming or lemmatization), and the difficulty of selecting the number of topics and providing an interpretation for all of them. These elements prevent the process of return causes extraction from being completely automatized and, by requiring human judgment in some of its phases, still implies a human-in-the-loop analytical approach.

The present study can be extended in several directions, from both a methodological and managerial perspective. As formerly described, the analysis relied on a subset of texts obtained from an entire collection of customer reviews and deemed related to returned products. As the first development, the selection of this sub-corpus could be refined; for example, by leveraging the feedback ratings or their sentiment, to isolate the reviews expressing negative sentiments, or by training text classification models able to distinguish between reviews referred or not to product returns. Moreover, for some product categories the topics extracted through topic modeling seemed to be connected to specific products or product sub-categories. A more granular analytical method addressing these sub-categories may be useful to manage this aspect. As a further research extension, the use of hierarchical topic modeling could be explored, to model the potential hierarchical nature of the topics, in order to analyze more in depth the inter-topic relationships and identify ancestor topics in the hierarchy that represent conceptually broader versions of their descendants. Additionally, the effectiveness of alternative word-embedding strategies to be used in conjunction with topic modeling could be investigated, in the attempt to produce better-quality topics and, therefore, more accurate return causes. Metadata, when captured and made available, could also be exploited for topics extraction by resorting to alternative techniques, such as Structural Topic Models (STM, see [ 75 , 76 , 77 ]), able to account for such information, with the aim of achieving better separated topics. In addition, metadata such as the ID of the reviewers, together with the number of helpful votes their feedback received, could be analysed to identify, within each product category, “influential reviewers”. By focusing on the content of their comments, it would be possible to highlight further positive, or negative, product features attracting the interest of the customers. Likewise, the images accompanying the textual comments could be exploited to extract additional information that can enrich both topic modeling and sentiment analysis.

From the managerial perspective, it would be useful to deepen this study by collecting information such as the economic value of the returned products, the product life-cycle, and the location of the returning user. By combining these data with the topic modeling outcome, it would be then possible to perform cost-benefit analysis and fine-tune the priority of the return mitigation strategies. Finally, extending the scope of the study beyond topic modeling to embrace a multidisciplinary approach, it would be worthwhile to incorporate behavioural economics theories with the aim of investigating, among others, whether customer feedbacks on returned products, and therefore the return reasons therein expressed, are somehow subject to systematic biases or dependent on customers emotions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to express their gratitude to the anonymous referees who provided very useful and detailed comments on a previous version of the manuscript.

The present study has been developed within the HumanTech Project, which is financed by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) for the 2023-2027 period as part of the ministerial initiative “Departments of Excellence” (L. 232/2016).

Open access funding provided by Politecnico di Milano within the CRUI-CARE Agreement.

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Andrea Mor, Carlotta Orsenigo, Mauricio Soto Gomez, Carlo Vercellis have contributed equally to this work.

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Andrea Mor, Carlotta Orsenigo & Carlo Vercellis

Department of Computer Science, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 18, 20133, Milan, Italy

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